Mike MI Flashcards
What is a MI
Myocardial infarction
Occurs when there is sustained myocardial ischemia.
This usually occurs when an atherosclerosis plaque ruptures and a thrombosis blood clot form at the site causing coronary occlusion.
A blockage of blood flow to.the heart causes necrosis due to lack of oxygen…within 20 mins
What is a MI
Myocardial infarction
Occurs when there is sustained myocardial ischemia.
This usually occurs when an atherosclerosis plaque ruptures and a thrombosis blood clot form at the site causing coronary occlusion.
A blockage of blood flow to.the heart causes necrosis due to lack of oxygen…within 20 mins
Necrotic myocytes
When they become necrotic the plasma membrane of the muscle cells (sarcoma) ruptures and there is a leakage of cardiac enzymes (biomarkers).
These become detectable in the blood.
Myocardial ischemia
Hypoxia
Myocardial necrosis
Sarcolemmq breakdown
Leakage of contractile proteins
Risk factors for mike
Smoking
Male
Genetics..family hx
Risk factors for mike
Smoking
Male
Genetics..family hx
Modifiable risk factors
Obesity
Hypertension
Hypercholesterolemia
Physical inactivity
Hyperglycemia
Hyperlipidemia
Smoking
Signs and symptoms of MI
Diaphoresis
Chest pain/discomfort
SoB
Anxiety
Nausea/vomiting
Pain/discomfort in shoulder, neck, arm jaw
Pallor and pale peripherals
Mike’s symptoms
Indigestion type pain
Angina pain
Pain in chest
Pain in left arm
Sweating profusely
Tingling hand
Pallor
Felt cold
Pain not relieved by morphine or aspirin
Elevated S-T
Mike’s symptoms
Indigestion type pain
Angina pain
Pain in chest
Pain in left arm
Sweating profusely
Tingling hand
Pallor
Felt cold
Pain not relieved by morphine or aspirin
Elevated S-T
Myocardial stunning
Temporary loss of contractibility lasting hours to days after repercussion (tissue damage caused when blood returns)
Myocardial hibernation
Prolonged loss of contractihility when there is sustained ischemia
Myocardial remodeling
Permanent loss of contractibility with cellular hypertrophy…increased in muscle cells
Complications of MI
Angina
Reincarnation
Arrhythmia
Valvular incompetence.. leaky valves
Cardiogenic shock…can’t pump enough blood to tissues
Left ventricular aneurysm
Pericarditis
Rupture of ventricilular wall
Heart failure
Death
Complications of MI
Angina
Reincarnation
Arrhythmia
Valvular incompetence.. leaky valves
Cardiogenic shock…can’t pump enough blood to tissues
Left ventricular aneurysm
Pericarditis
Rupture of ventricilular wall
Heart failure
Death
Assessments and testing
BP
Hr
Presentation
Full blood count, cardiac enzymes, BSL, urea and electrolytes, TFT
Ecg
Angiography
Chest xray
Medication
MONA
Morphine, o2, gtn, aspirin
Clexane
Clopidigral..prevents thrombosis
Gtn dulates bvs to decrease workload
Metoprolol…to reduce HR..betablocker, reduces cardiac output and BP
Simvastin..lower cholesterol
Anti coag
Beta blockers
Nitroglycerin
Cholesterol lowering
Medication
MONA
Morphine, o2, gtn, aspirin
Clexane
Clopidigral..prevents thrombosis
Gtn dulates bvs to decrease workload
Metoprolol…to reduce HR..betablocker, reduces cardiac output and BP
Simvastin..lower cholesterol
Anti coag
Beta blockers
Nitroglycerin
Cholesterol lowering
Dietary and lifestyle changes
Low fat
Low salt
Increase fruit and veg
Increase soluble fibre
Stop smoking
Increase exercise
Dietary and lifestyle changes
Low fat
Low salt
Increase fruit and veg
Increase soluble fibre
Stop smoking
Increase exercise
Goal of care
Decrease heart workload
Increase O2 delivery to body tissues
Reperfusr rhe heart wall
