Migration stream Flashcards
What is a positive economic impact of migration for North Africa?
According, to the World Bank, Countries in Northern Africa received an estimated 37.6 billion USD in remittances in 2019.
What are are negative social impacts for Black migrants?
(slaves)
Black migrants are stigmatised as former slaves who can still be treated as such. According to a report by the United Nations, human trafficking and slave trading of Sub-Sharan African migrants rose rapidly in the violence and chaos of post-Qaddafi Libya.
What is a positive political impact of migration for Morocco?
Morocco is now destination and transit country for international migrants. With this being the case, King Mohammed VI took a productive, regional policy towards Sub-Saharan Africa and a more humane approach to African migrants. In parallel, in 2017, after 33 years, Morocco re-joined the African Union.
So, it could be argued that migration has influence Morocco to affirm the African dimension of its identity and no longer be considered a purely Arab-Muslim country. This in turns allows greater cooperation with Morocco, one of Africa’s leading economies.
What is a positive political impact of North African migration to Europe.
Large scale migration through the Central Mediterranean route has led to changes in EU migratory policies. For example, the EU established a joint migration task force with the African Union and the UN in November 2017. The task force aimed to enhance cooperation to respond to migration challenges in African and in Particular Libya.
What is a negative economic impact of migration to Europe?
Between the 18th of October 2013 and the 31st of October 2014, the Italian government ran Operation Mare Nostrum, a naval and air operation aimed to reduce unauthorised migration to Europe, at least 150,000 migrants were rescued on the dangerous Mediterranean sea crossing.
The Italian government spent 114million Euro on this operation, so it is clear that illegal immigration acts as an economic burden.
What is a negative political impact of migration to Europe?
According to the BBC, there are a rising number of crimes related to African migration to Europe, especially in Scandinavian countries. This has lead to rise in anti-migrant populism and the appearance of nationalist parties such the Alternative for Germany, Sweden Democrats and Vox in Spain.
What are the push factors in Sub-Sarahan/North African to Europe?
Political instability and conflict are factors pushing Sub-Saharans to move. For example, according to United Nation High Commissioner for Refugees estimates say that number of Sub-Saharans displaced within their own country nearly doubled to 9 million between 2010 and 2016.
According to Hein de Haas, the director of International Migration at the University of Oxford, what is an economic cause of migration from Africa to Europe?
He states that migration from Africa to Europe “is fuelled by structural demand for cheap migrant labour in informal sectors.”
According to Hein de Haas, the director of International Migration at the University of Oxford, what is an economic benefit of migration from Africa to Europe.
He states that illegal migrants are often well educated.
What does the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) say about African migration?
(Evaluative point)
The OECD says African migration to developed countries in marginal in relation to overall flows.
How many illegal migrants in the EU does the Migration Policy Institute believe there are?
What is the problem of this?
The Migration Policy Institute believe there are between 7-9 million illegal migrants from Africa living in the EU. Illegal immigrants are a ‘hidden population’ and do not contribute to the government tax revenue of a country.
However, migrants can be economically beneficial if regularisation occurs.
For example, according to an article from the London School of Economics, estimate the UK has a population of some 618,000 irregular residents. If regularisation of these groups occurs, this could add £3 billion to the UK economy per annuum.
Describe the scale of migration from North Africa to Europe.
During 2000-2005, an estimated 440,000 people per year emigrated from Africa, most of them to Europe.
What is a political cause of illegal migration from Africa to Europe?
The EU’s tightened entry policies for African migrants are thought to have forced African migrants to choose irregular pathways.
What is a good way to explain the benefit of remittances?
Remittances, the “human face of globalisation”, allow migrants and their family members to improve their access to health, education and housing, thereby helping achieve their own Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Most of the migration from Africa to Europe isn’t illegal.
Hein de Haas, the director of International migration at the University of Oxford, said that…
He states that the “majority of irregular African migrants enter Europe LEGALLY and subsequently overstay their visas.”
