Migration Key Info

Question 1

what is a common stigma relating immigrants collection of benefits and tax contributions

Answer 1

that immigrants take more in benefits than pay in tax which is not true e.g. in UK they contribute £20bn more in tax than they take in benefits

Question 2

how has Pakistan promoted emigration and how much do they receive in remittances

Answer 2

free education for the children of emigrants

protect the emigrants from human rights violations in foreign countries

$30bn in remittances

Question 3

how does Canada encourage immigration of highly skilled workers

Answer 3

they rank them based off of employment prospects and other factors

Question 4

which are two countries who are more anti immigration

Answer 4

Australia and the UK

Question 5

what is the change in female migrants over time

Answer 5

1960: 46%
2020: 48%
but Asia is only 41%

Question 6

what might be a reason for an increase in female migration

Answer 6

• improvement in womens rights
• improved access to education
• introduction of the contraceptive pill in 1960

Question 7

what % of UAE population are immigrants

Answer 7

88%

Question 8

what is evidence of conflict and persecution increasing numbers of refugees and IDPs

Answer 8

• 1990: 41 million IDP
  2020: 82 million IDP

Question 9

How have changes in the 21st century increased the complexity of global migration

Answer 9

• globalisation = emergence of new source areas and host destinations
• high concentration of young workers and female migrants
• South-South corridors = South-North corridors
• conflict and persecution have increased numbers of refugees
• changes in national immigration and emigration policies
• development of distinct corridors of bi-lateral flows

Question 10

explanation of increase South-South migration

Answer 10

• Hungarian PM passing law making it illegal to help asylum seekers
• Australia anti migration policies
• Border walls
• Increased job opportunity in the South - EDCs - e.g. India to UAE - oil production
• Improved technology - greater knowledge of south jobs
• Cheaper to move South-South

Question 11

what are some trading blocs with freedom of movement encouraging intra-regional migration

Answer 11

• USMCA
• ASEAN
• MERCOSUR
• AfCFTA
• EU

Question 12

explanation of increased female and young migrants

Answer 12

• historically had less access to education
• embedded norms have restricted them
• restrictive cultures e.g. Iran need male permission

Question 13

what are the factors that create bilateral corridors

Answer 13

• ease of transport
• improved job opportunity
• lower cost
• language similarities