Migration And Empire Issue 3 Flashcards
Canada
•Scots had many impacts on the development of Canada’s economy and enterprise, such as through fur trading and the development of railways.
•The Canadian Pacific Railway was heavily funded and run by Scots, such as Lord Mount Stephen who used his banking businesses to fund the project, and Sandford Fleming who was its lead engineer.
Australia
•One impact of Scottish emigrants upon Australian economy was through their role in mining as many Scots brought with them their experience from the mines of Ayrshire and Lanarkshire.
•Even until the 1920s and 30s Scots were emigrating in order to work in Australian mines in towns like Newcastle where they could work in coal mines.
New Zealand
•One way Scots contributed to the development of New Zealand’s economy was through their dominance in farming.
•Scots introduced sheep to New Zealand from Australia in 1842 and went on to establish hundreds of sheep farms throughout the 19th Century.
India
•Scots impacted Indian economy and enterprise through improving the country’s infrastructure.
•Dalhousie oversaw the improvement of India’s roads and rail networks, which helped to connect more of the country.
Australia cont
•The Scottish influenced Australian culture through their wide establishment of parish schools and protestant faith.
•By 1850, 42 parish schools had been established in New South Wales alone, which helped spread their faith.
New Zealand cont
•New Zealand’s religion character, cultural holidays, education system and even place names were heavily influenced by the Scots.
•Prominent Presbyterian leaders emerged – Rev Thomas Burns. School curriculum was based on Scottish system. Many Caledonian societies created. Scottish surnames became common.
India cont
•Scots influenced India’s culture mainly due to the work of Dalhousie who viewed many Indian traditions as barbaric.
•One cultural practice he banned was Suttee, which was where a widow would voluntarily throw herself onto her husbands funeral pyre – if she didn’t go voluntarily, she would be forced.
Canada cont
•Scots had many impacts on the Indigenous people of Canada, due to the relationships originally formed with them through the fur trade.
•Intermarriage between Scots trappers and Indigenous women led to the creation of the Metis people who were considered ‘mixed’ race. While many got along with these people, they were often heavily discriminated against.
