Migration - 5.1 Migration as a component of population change Flashcards
International migration
The movement of people across international borders for the purpose of settlement.
Forced migration
The forced movement of people away from their residence as a result of persecution, conflict, generalised violence or human rights violations.
Voluntary migration
Migration based on someone’s free will
Internal migration
The migration of residents within a country.
Intra-urban migration
The movement of people within an urban area for more than 1 year.
Rural-urban migration
The movement of people for a period of 1 year or more from rural settlements.
Urban-urban migration
The movement from one town or city to another town or city for 1 year or more.
Refugee
A person who is outside his/her home country owing to a well founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality or political opinion.
Stepped migration
Migration that occurs in a sequence of stages. These steps occur within the settlement hierarchy, usually upwards.
Net-migration
The balance between people moving into a region or country and the people moving out of that region or country.
Asylum seeker
A person who has left their country of origin and formally applied for asylum in another country but whose application has not yet been concluded.
What are barriers to migration?
- Language barrier
- Physical / Geographical barriers
- Economic barriers
- Age barriers
- Insecurity or hostile areas
- Bureaucracy / Red tape
What are push factors?
- War
- Famine
- Unemployment
- Cold weather
- Housing shortage
- Persecution
What are pull factors>
- Employment opportunities
- Hot weather
- Cheaper housing
- Economic beam
- Stable society
- Low crime rate
