Migration

Question 1

Between MEDCs voluntary migration example:

Answer 1

‘Brain drain’ of doctors and scientists from the UK and Germany to the USA.

Question 2

From LEDCs to MEDCs forced migration example:

Answer 2

Movement of evacuees from Montserrat following the volcanic explosions in 1996.

Question 3

From MEDCs to LEDCs voluntary migration example:

Answer 3

The movement of aid workers from EU countries to the Sudan and Ethiopia.

Question 4

Between LEDCs forced migration example:

Answer 4

Movement to Tutsi and Hutu peoples from Rwanda to the Democratic Republic of Congo because of the fear of genocide.

Question 5

What are the causes of migration?

Answer 5

Changing physical, economic, social, cultural and political circumstances (usually economic and social factors when migrating within countries, usually political factors when moving to another country e.g. immigration laws).

Question 6

Define refugee:

Answer 6

Persons unable or unwilling to return to their homeland for fear or persecution, based on reasons of race, religion, ethnicity or political opinion, or those who have been displaced forcibly by other factors.

Question 7

Define internally displaced person:

Answer 7

Someone who is forced to flee his or her home but who remains within his or her country’s borders.

Question 8

Define asylum seeker:

Answer 8

The formal application by a refugee to reside in a country when they arrive in that country.

Question 9

Define immigrant:

Answer 9

A person who comes to live permanently in a foreign country.

Question 10

Define emigrant:

Answer 10

A person who leaves their own country in order to settle permanently in another.

Question 11

Affects in the area of origin from migration:

Answer 11

• Younger adult ages groups migrate, leaving behind an older population
• Males are more likely to migrate, causing an indentation on that side of the population pyramid
• Birth rates fall and death rates rise

Question 12

Example of a country that has been affected from migration:

Answer 12

Barra (an island in the Outer Hebrides- Scotland) has experienced depopulation; younger people increase; expansion on male aide of pyramid; birth rates rise and death rates fall.

Question 13

Since international migration in the late 1980s, there has been increases in:

Answer 13

• Attempts at illegal, economically motivated migration as a response to legal restrictions
• Those seeking asylum
• Migration between more developed countries
• Short-term migration
• Movement of migrants between less developed countries

Question 14

Since international migration in the late 1980s, there has been decreases in:

Answer 14

• Legal, life-long migration, particularly from less to more developed countries
• The number of people who migrate for life
• The number of people migrating with the purpose of reuniting family members

Question 15

Why has the prominence of asylum seeking increased?

Answer 15

• Pressure to migrate from the poorest states in increasing because of economic decline and political instability.
• Improved communications enable people to learn more about potential destinations.
• Cost of transport has declined.
• More gangs of traffickers are preying in would-be migrants and offering a passage to a new life.