Migration Flashcards
Emigration
•From the mid 16th century to the 1980’s the UK was a net exporter of people
•Main reasons for economic pull and push factors
Immigration before the 1950’s
•1900-WW2: largest immigrant group were Irish
•Second largest group were Eastern European Jews
Immigration after the 1950’s
•During the 1950-60’s: Windrush Generation
•During the 1960-70’s: South Asian immigrants
Windrush Generation
•Those who came into the UK after they faced severe labour shortages after the WW2
•Many Brits were covertly racist towards the immigrants
•”no Irish, no Blacks, no Dogs”
Immigration Laws
•Commonwealth Immigrants Act 1962: reduced the free movement for citizens of Commonwealth countries and Colonies
•2014 Immigration Act: marked the Windrush Scandal
Immigration Act 2014
•wanted to create a ”really hostile environment” for irregular migrants in the UK
•limited access to work, housing, healthcare, bank accounts, etc.
•Discourage people coming to the UK
•Stop those who come from overstaying
•Stop irregular migrants from accessing ordinary essentials
Movement of Immigration and Emigration
Currently, it is increasing
Effect of the Increase of Immigration and Emigration on the UK population: Population Size
•Net Migration is high
•47% of immigrants are non-EU citizens
•38% were EU citizens
•14% returning British Citizens
Effect of the Increase of Immigration and Emigration on the UK population: Age Structure
•Direct impact by lowering the age structure: immigrants are typically younger
•Indirect impact by the lowering the age structure: immigrants produce babies
Effect of the Increase of Immigration and Emigration on the UK population: Dependency Ratio
•Reduce DR: immigrants are working age
•Increase DR: immigrants have more children
•No impact: longer they settle, closer their fertility rate becomes to the national average
•Structural Racism: M/C media publishers showcase poorer countries in a stereotypical light
