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Parasitology > Midtterm II > Flashcards

Midtterm II Flashcards

1
Q
A

Goniodes dissimilis – a typical example of ischnoceran lice of birds. Members of this group are equally frequent on birds and mammals. Antennae are short but thin and never can be hidden into the head. An egg is in the abdomen

Chewing lice

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2
Q
A

Menopon gallinae - an example of amblyceran lice. Species of this group of lice are more frequent on birds than on mammals. Antennae are stout, short and can be retracted into cavities on both sides of head.

Chewing lice

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3
Q
A

Columbicola columbae an ischnoceran louse of pigeons.

Chewing lice

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4
Q
A

Felicola subrostratus: the only louse species of cat in Europe

Chewing lice

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5
Q
A

A nit of Felicola with lid is attached to hair. It contains egg yolk or embryo.

Chewing lice

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6
Q
A

A nit of Trichodectes without lid sits on hair with the first nymph inside before hatching.

Chewing lice

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7
Q
A

Adult Trichodectes canis grasps the hair with its mandibles. A claw on hind legs is seen. Only one claw on each leg is characteristic for each mammalian louse. (Avian lice have two.)

Chewing lice

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8
Q
A

Bovicola ovis nymph. Its first two legs embrace the hind part of the head. Only one claw on the tip of some legs can be seen. Particles of ingested hair are in the body as dark masses.

Chewing lice

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9
Q
A

An adult specimen of Werneckiella equi.

Chewing lice

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10
Q
A

A small nymph of Werneckiella equi.

Chewing lice

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11
Q
A

Haematopinus suis with equal sized legs and claws. Members of this genus are the biggest lice that live on livestock.

Blood sucking lice​

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12
Q
A

Linognathus vituli First legs are smaller than the next ones, the head is elongated. On cattle.

Blood sucking lice

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13
Q
A

Solenopotes capillatus louse of cattle [For comparison only: NO DEMONSTRATION SPECIMEN] Similar to Linognathus but has a stouter head.

Blood sucking lice

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14
Q
A

S. capillatus has a wide head but it is slimmer than the distance between of the stems of first legs. [For comparison only! NOT SHOWN SPECIMEN!]

Blood sucking lice

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15
Q
A

Linognathus setosus louse of dog.

Blood sucking lice

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16
Q
A

A squashed nymph of Haematopinus from a nit.

Blood sucking lice

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17
Q
A

Male Pulex irritans. Male flea is smaller than the female. Chitinous copulatory organs as bent rods lay inside the abdominal part.

Fleas

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18
Q
A

Female Pulex irritans. A developing egg can be seen inside the abdomen as spherical mass. Dark masses are remnants of ingested blood.

Fleas

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19
Q
A

Ctenocephalides canis ♀

Fleas

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20
Q
A

Ctenocephalides canis ♂.

Fleas

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21
Q
A

Ctenocephalides canis.

Fleas​

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22
Q
A

Ctenocephalides felis

Fleas​

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23
Q
A

Tibia of the third leg of Ctenocephalides canis.

Fleas

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24
Q
A

Tibia of the third leg of Ctenocephalides felis.

Fleas​

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25
Q
A

Female C. felis. General shape of it does not differ too much from the shape of C. canis.

Fleas

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26
Q
A

Second and third stages of flea larvae. Their intestine is filled with dark digested blood.

Fleas

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27
Q
A

Nymph of Cimex lectularius. Mass of blood meal is in the body. Antennae are 4 segmented.

Bedbugs

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28
Q
A

Long, skin-piercing feeding organ erects backwards from the tip of the head of Cimex.

Bedbugs

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29
Q
A

A non-parasitic female of Psychoda species. Parallel veins of wings run without crossveins.

Sand flies

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30
Q
A

A parasite Phlebotomus with long mouthparts and weak wings. Legs were artificially removed

Sand flies

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31
Q
A

A flattened female ceratopogonid biting midge with pale dark patches on its wings. Stem of broken antenna bears very short hairs.

Biting midges

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32
Q
A

A flattened male ceratopogonid biting midge with very pale dark patches on his wings. His antennae bear long hair. Eyes are extremely large.

Biting midges

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33
Q
A

Head of a female mosquito. Her antennae bear few and short bristles. The rod-like palps are very short organs near the base of proboscis.

Mosquitoes

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34
Q
A

Head of a male mosquito. His antennae bear long and dense hairs. The hairy palps are longer than the length of proboscis.

Mosquitoes

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35
Q
A

A thick breathing siphon runs inside the tip of tail of mosquito larva. Between of two tufts of anal hairs four plates of anal gills are seen

Mosquitoes

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36
Q
A

Large mouth brushes in front of the mouth on the head of mosquito larva. Rod-like antennae stretch near the darker eyes.

Mosquitoes

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37
Q

General characters of flies – compared with specialised flies

A

Every fly (brachyceran Diptera) has two short, club-shaped antennae which have 3 segments each. Bristles on them can be longer than the length of the antenna. Mouthparts sometimes are longer than the antennae.

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38
Q
A

Head of a fruit fly with two swollen antennae. Colorless bristled organs are the compound eyes.

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39
Q
A

Mouthparts of Melophagus are longer than the almost invisible antennae. Eyes are big.

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40
Q
A

Cephalopharyngeal skeleton of a muscoid fly larva with a grabbing hook. The skeleton supports the inner organs of the head but don’t act as a chewing organ. The crown like object above is a spiracle.

Muscoid flies

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41
Q
A

Posterior spiracles of a fly larva. The dark circle around the plate is the peritreme and the wavy strips are air slits. Number of slits is equal to the developmental stage of larva.

Muscoid flies

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42
Q
A

Two tubes of spiracles on the rear end of the 2nd instar larva of Hypoderma. They have a few circular air holes. Cuticular spines are very small.

Botflies and warble fli

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43
Q
A

Frontal view of the large spiracles on the rear end of the 3rd instar larva of Hypoderma. Air slits were united in a porous circular band.

Botflies and warble fli

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44
Q
A

Gasterophilus egg with lid and a larva inside.

Botflies and warble fli

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45
Q
A

Empty shell of Gasterophilus egg on a hair

Botflies and warble fli

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46
Q
A

The strong cephalopharyngeal skeleton of Gasterophilus larva is equipped with large hooks in order to grasp firmly to the mucosa of stomach. Bands of spines belt the cuticular exoskeleton.

Botflies and warble fli

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47
Q
A

Frontal view of the coalesced spiracles on the rear end of the 2nd instar larva of Gasterophilus. Two long air slits run in parallel on each side of the united plate. The ring of peritreme is thick.

Botflies and warble fli

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48
Q
A

Rows of strong spines cover the whole body of 2 nd and 3rd instar larvae of Gasterophilus - while the maggots of other botflies and warble flies are hardly spiny. Large spines prevent the detachment from the wall of stomach.

Botflies and warble fli

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49
Q
A

Frontal view of the coalesced spiracles on the rear end of the 3rd instar larva of Gasterophilus. Three long air slits run in parallel on each side of the united plate. The semicircular rings of the peritreme are thick.

Botflies and warble fli

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50
Q
A

Long hooks of Oestrus larvae resemble hooks of Gasterophilus larvae. Their function is the same as in case of botfly of horse. [For comparison only: NO DEMONSTRATION SPECIMEN

Botflies and warble fli

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51
Q
A

Frontal view of one of the spiracles on the rear end of the 3rd instar larva of Oestrus ovis. Whole surface of it is perforated by many holes. [For comparison: NO DEMONSTRATION SPECIMEN!]

Botflies and warble fli

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52
Q
A

Carnivorous mites have two long chelicerae that erect between of short pedipalps on the gnathosoma. An egg lays inside the idiosoma of this female.

General features of mites and ticks (Acari)

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53
Q
A

Scissor-like chelicerae are similar to the pincers of crabs. Between them a sharp hypostome is seen. Jointed pedipalps extend beyond the mouthparts.

General features of mites and ticks (Acari)

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54
Q
A

Female Sarcoptes mite with short legs. Long stalked ambulacrums (“walking sticks”) are seen on the tips of first two legs.

Mange mites

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55
Q
A

The long ambulacral stalks of Sarcoptes are non segmented. Between the stout and segmented pedipalps small chelicerae are seen.

Mange mites

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56
Q
A

After dissolving the skin sample with lye only the destroyed parts of mites remain in the liquid.

Mange mites

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57
Q
A

Surface of Notoedres mite is patterned with concentric circles.

Mange mites

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58
Q
A

Ventral side of Notoedres mite is similar to the shape of Sarcoptes. Both genera have non segmented ambulacral stalks on frontal pairs of legs. They’re rare mites of cat and rabbit

Mange mites

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59
Q
A

Females of Knemidokoptes mites of birds have extremely short legs and mouthparts, too. Hind legs are barely visible. They live in the dept of the keratinous layer of skin.

Mange mites

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60
Q
A

Ventral side of Psoroptes female. This mite does not burrow into skin but walks on it therefore it has long legs. Thread-like ambulacral stalks are long and segmented on the tip of first four legs.

Mange mites

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61
Q
A

Ventral side of Psoroptes male. Males are less common than females. Their ambulacrum is similar to the female’s one. They have two circular suckers close to the anal pore on the rear end.

Mange mites

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62
Q
A

Psoroptes mites paired. Males often mate with female nymphs but the fertilisation of eggs takes place only after the last moult of the nymph when she reaches the adult stage.

Mange mites

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63
Q
A

Larva of Psoroptes has only six legs. (The fourth pair of legs is missing on them.) They are much smaller than the members of subsequent stages

Mange mites

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64
Q
A

Chorioptes bovis female. The species is similar to the Psoroptes mites but its funnel-shaped ambulacrums are short because they short stalked.

Mange mites

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65
Q
A

Chorioptes bovis male. Last pair of legs in males of non-burrowing mites is always longer than the same legs of females.

Mange mites

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66
Q
A

Frontal pairs of legs of Chorioptes mite. Funnel-shaped suckers of ambulacrums on the tarsal tips of front legs can be seen well.

Mange mites

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67
Q
A

Otodectes cynotis male. Funnel-shaped suckers of ambulacrums on tips of frontal pairs of legs are precisely in case of Chorioptes.

Mange mites

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68
Q
A

Otodectes cynotis female. Her ambulacrums are similar to the males’ ones. Hind legs are so small that sometimes avoid recognition. This species is almost indistinguishable from species of Chorioptes genus by morphology but its habitat and host precisely indicate their real identity. They much more often can be found on cats than on dogs.

Mange mites

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69
Q
A

A male feather mite from a zoo bird. Body of every species is elongated in order to avoid the effect of preening. Harmless mites in quill and shaft of feathers or among the barbs are very common in wild birds. They feed on keratin. Sometimes the barbs brake in consequence of chewing and the vane of feather becomes porous.

Mange mites

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70
Q
A

Suckers of Sarcoptes species are on a long unsegmented stalk. They are on the 1st, 2nd, and 4 th legs of males or 1st and 2nd legs of females.

Ambulacrums of mange mites

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71
Q
A

Suckers of Notoedres species are on a rather long unsegmented stalk. They are found on the same legs as in the case of Sarcoptes.

Ambulacrums of mange mites

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72
Q
A

Knemidokoptes females have no ambulacrums. All legs of males have similar ambulacrums as Sarcoptes species have, but males are rare.

Ambulacrums of mange mites

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73
Q
A

Suckers of Psoroptes species are on a long segmented stalk. They are on the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd legs of males or on 1 st , 2 nd and 4th legs of females.

Ambulacrums of mange mites

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74
Q
A

Suckers of Chorioptes species are on a short stalk. They are on all of the legs of males and on the 1st , 2nd and 4th legs of females

Ambulacrums of mange mites

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75
Q
A

Suckers of Otodectes species are on a short stalk. They are on all of the legs of males but only on the 1st , 2nd legs of females.

Ambulacrums of mange mites

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76
Q
A

Small specimen of Demodex canis near the brown hair. Four small legs are on its left side.

Hair follicle mites

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77
Q
A

A fully developed living specimen of Demodex mite in a very fresh sample. Opisthosoma is long.

Hair follicle mites

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78
Q
A

Mostly only the contour of the empty cuticle of dead Demodex is visible in the fat collected from the skin.

Hair follicle mites

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79
Q
A

If the mite gets into the sample alive we can see all of the legs and the distinct gnathostome.

Hair follicle mites

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80
Q
A

Longitudinal sections of more Demodex mites in a hair follicle.

Hair follicle mites

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81
Q
A

Mass of Demodex mites in a nodule within the subcutaneous tissue of a cattle.

Hair follicle mites

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82
Q
A

Cheyletiella mites are smaller as the size of mange mites in general. This larva (and adults too) has a hooked claw on both of its pedipalps.

Cheyletiella mites

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83
Q
A

Comb-like end of the ambulacrum on the legs is a very characteristic feature of this genus.

Cheyletiella mites

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84
Q
A

Unmistakable feature of these mites are the claws.

Cheyletiella mites​

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85
Q
A

Empty shell of a Cheyletiella egg attached to hair.

Cheyletiella mites​

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86
Q
A

A long legged adult harvest mite is never seen on animals because it preys on other arthropods

Harvest mites or chiggers

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87
Q
A

Red pigment of chigger larva partly leaked out of the body during the process of preservation.

Harvest mites or chiggers

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88
Q
A

All dark coloured red mites are nymph or adult because larvae do not feed. Their body is filled with blood. They feed several times in each stage

Poultry red mites

89
Q
A

Pedipalps of red mites are slimmer than the pedipalps of the ticks. Their long and thin fibreshaped hypostome and chelicerae are seldom seen.

Poultry red mites

90
Q
A

Two hooked claws on the tip of long legs are the most striking characteristics of the Argas larva.

Metastigmatid mites: soft and hard ticks

91
Q
A

Club shaped pedipalps and shorter legs are the main characteristics for the larva of ixodid ticks.

Metastigmatid mites: soft and hard ticks

92
Q
A

Eggs of hard ticks contain large amount of yolk.

Metastigmatid mites: soft and hard ticks

93
Q
A

Section of an engorged tick full of blood.

Metastigmatid mites: soft and hard ticks

94
Q
A

OTODECTES CYNOTIS

95
Q
A
96
Q
A

Chorioptes bovis

97
Q
A
98
Q
A
99
Q
A

Notoedres Cati

100
Q
A
101
Q
A
102
Q
A

Knemidokoptes mites of birds

103
Q
A

?

104
Q
A

???

105
Q

Order

Scientific name

Wings

Body

Size

Abdomen

Female VS Males

A
106
Q

How would you know it’s a bedbug?

A
107
Q

Bedbugs

Where do you find it?

The biting?

What happens in the case of poultry?

How to clean?

A

Cleaning done by professionals

108
Q

Kissing bugs

Latin name?

Size?

Flying ability?

Kissing bug Species?

Disease?

A
109
Q

Causing which disease by which bug?

A

Kissing bugs

110
Q

Beetle

Order?

Latin name?

Beetle vs Insect

Size?

Antenna

A

Lesser meal worm

111
Q

Development of the lesser mealworm?

Egg? Larvae? etc

A
112
Q

Where can you find the lesser mealworm?

Parasitic or not?

Vectors?

Feeds on?

A
113
Q

What is entomopathogenic nematodes?

A
114
Q

What does DIPTHERA mean?

A
115
Q

Musquitoes

Order?

Species?

A

DIPTHERA - Nematodes?

116
Q

Development of musquitoes

A
117
Q

Musquitoes

Morphology of the larvae

A
118
Q

Musquitoes

Larvaes according to the water surface (diff species)

A
119
Q

Musquito - Pupae

A
120
Q

Morphology of the adult mosquito

Parasitic?

Requirement for egg production?

Males vs Females?

A
121
Q

Female or male?

A

Colour + pattern too

122
Q

Musquitos

Differentiate the species

Vector of any disease? Which type of muscuito?

A

Anopheles, Culex, Aedes

123
Q

Distinguish the diff musquitoes

A
124
Q

Vector potential of the musquito?

A
125
Q

Musquitoes

DIROFILARIA

  • Where do you find the adult worm
  • Where do you find the microfilaria?
  • Name the 2 different DIROFILARIA types
A

Dirofilaria Immitis

Dirofilaria Repens

126
Q

Black flies

Latin name (family)

Identification

  • Morphology: Antenna, Palps, Mouthpart
A
127
Q

Black flies

Egg, Larvae, Pupa

A
128
Q

Black flies

Damage

A
129
Q

Biting midges

Latin name (family)

Larvae

Pupae

A
130
Q

Biting midges

Morphology adult

Where to take samples?

A
131
Q

Damage from Biting midges

A
132
Q

Sandflies

Latin name?

Family?

Identification/Morphology

A
133
Q

Sandflies

Development and collecting samples

A
134
Q

Sandflies

Damage and disease

A
135
Q

Morphology Sandflies

A
136
Q

Horse and Deer fly

Family

Morphology

A
137
Q

Horse and Deer fly

Development

A
138
Q

Horse and deer flies

Types

A
139
Q

Horse and deer flies

Differentiate the different types

A
140
Q

Horse and deer flies

Damage

A
141
Q

Tse Tse Fly

Latin name

Group

A
142
Q

Tse Tse Fly

Morphology

A
143
Q

Tse Tse Flies

Diseases caused by glossina spp

A
144
Q

Louse flies/Keds

Family

Morphology

Species

A
145
Q

Louse flies/Keds

With or without wings?

A
146
Q

Louse flies / Keds

Damage

A
147
Q

MITES

In general

A
148
Q

Prostigmata MITES

How to distinguish?

A

(DEMODEX)

149
Q

Prostigmata MITES

Where does it live?

A
150
Q

Prostigmata MITES

DEMODICOSIS IN HORSE

A
151
Q

Prostigmata MITES

DEMODICOSIS in CATTLE

A
152
Q

Prostigmata MITES

DEMODICOSIS in SMALL RUMINANTS

A
153
Q

Prostigmata MITES

DEMODICOSIS in SWINE

A
154
Q

Prostigmata MITES

DEMODICOSIS in DOGS

A
155
Q

Prostigmata MITES

DEMODICOSIS in CATS

A
156
Q

Furmites

Order

Suborder

Family

Genus

A

Fur mites = Cheyletiellaspp. → Dog, Cat, Rabbit

157
Q

Fur mites

How to distinguish

A
158
Q

Fur mites

Cheyletiella spp

Diseases

A

Zoonosis!

159
Q

Harvest Mite

Order

Suborder

Family

Morphology

Which is parasitic?

A
160
Q

Which is the Mesostigmatid ticks

A
  • Red mites
  • s o f t m i t e
  • hard mite

= HARD TICKS

161
Q

Hard tics - family

A special organ!!

A
162
Q

Soft Ticks

Order

Suborder

Family

Genus

Morphology

A
163
Q

Soft ticks

ARGAS PERSICUS

Larva and Adult

A
164
Q

Soft Ticks - ARGAS REFLEXUS

A
165
Q

SOFT TICKS

ORNITHODOROS ERRATICUS

A
166
Q

Hard Tics

A
167
Q

Hard tick larva

A
168
Q

Hard Tics - IXODES Genus

A

IXODES RICINUS

IXODES HEXAGONUS

DERMACENTOR RETICULATUS

169
Q

Hard tics genus IXODES

Types and identification

A
170
Q

Hard Ticks Haemaphysialis genus

A
171
Q

Hard Ticks HYALOMMA genus

A
172
Q

Hard Ticks - RIPHICEPHALUS SANGUINIS

A
173
Q

Hard tics - PUBLIC HEALTH IMPORTANCE

A
174
Q

Hard tics - Public health importance virus and bacterias

A
175
Q

RED MITES

Order

Suborder

Family

Importance in ….

A
176
Q

RED MITES

DERMANYSSUS GALLINAE

A
177
Q

RED MITES - ORNITHONYSSUS ssp

A
178
Q

Manges and Scabies

TAXONOMY

PHYLYM, CLASS

A
179
Q

Manges and Scabies

Class - ARACHNIDA

Subclass (MITES)

Order

Suborder

A
180
Q

Manges and Scabies

Basic Morphology of the Mites

A
181
Q

Manges and Scabies

Development of the Mites

A
182
Q

Manges and Scabies

2 different types of Mites

A

Burrowing and non-burrowing

183
Q

Manges and Scabies

Burrowing Mites

What are the burrowing mites?

How to identify them?

A
184
Q

Manges and Scabies

What is shown in the picture?

A

Burrowing Mite

  • Scabies
185
Q

Manges and Scabies

What are the NON-BURROWING MITES

How to distinguish from burrowing

A
186
Q

Manges and Scabies

Burrowing mites mammals

A

SARCOPTES

187
Q

Manges and Scabies

Burrowing mites

SARCOPTES

How to identify

A
188
Q

Manges and Scabies

Burrowing mites

NOTOEDRES CATI

A

Human: Not Skin burrowing, but can cause allergy

Mostly cats!

189
Q

Manges and Scabies

Burrowing mites in Birds

A

KNEMIDOKOPTES

(Gallinae, Mutans. pilae)

190
Q

Manges and Scabies

NON-Burrowing

A

PSOROPTES

CHORIOPTES BOVIS

OTODECTES CYNOTIS

191
Q

Manges and Scabies

NON-Burrowing

PSOPTES

A
192
Q

Manges and Scabies

NON-Burrowing

PSOPTES

Identification

A
193
Q

Manges and Scabies

NON-Burrowing

CHORIOPTES

A

CHORIOPTES BOVIS

194
Q

Manges and Scabies

NON-Burrowing

CHORIOPTES

Identification

A
195
Q

Manges and Scabies

NON-Burrowing

OTOCECTES

A

OTODECTES CYNOTIS

196
Q

Manges and Scabies

SCABIES of HORSES

A
197
Q

Manges and Scabies

PSOROPTIC mange of HORSES

A
198
Q

Manges and Scabies

CHORIOPTIC MANGE of HORSES

A
199
Q

Manges and Scabies

SCABIES of CATLE

A
200
Q

Manges and Scabies

PSOROPTIC MANGE of CATTLES

A
201
Q

Manges and Scabies

CHORIOPTIC MANGE of CATTLE

A
202
Q

Manges and Scabies

SCABIES of SHEAP and GOATS

A
203
Q

Manges and Scabies

PSOROPTIC MANGE of GOAT and SHEEP

A
204
Q

Manges and Scabies

CHORIOPTIC MANGE of SHEEP and GOAT

A
205
Q

Manges and Scabies

SCABIES of SWINE

A
206
Q

Manges and Scabies

SCABIES of DOGS

A
207
Q

Manges and Scabies

OTODECTIC EAR MITE of DOGS

A
208
Q

Manges and Scabies

NOTOECTIC MITE of DOGS

A
209
Q

Manges and Scabies

NOTOEDRIC MITE of CATS

A
210
Q

Manges and Scabies

OTODECTIC EAR MITE of CATS

A
211
Q

Manges and Scabies

PSOROPTIC EAR MANGE of RABBITS

A
212
Q

Manges and Scabies

NOTOEDRIC MANGE of RABBITS

A
213
Q

Manges and Scabies

SCALE-LEG-MITES

A

KNEMIDOKOPTES MUTANS

214
Q
A
215
Q
A
216
Q
A
217
Q

DIAGNOSIS

A
218
Q

TREATMENT

A

Parasitology (3 decks)

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