MIDTERMS QUIZ Flashcards
While teaching a 76-year-old patient about the adverse effects of his medications, the nurse encourages him to keep a journal of the adverse effects he experiences. This intervention is important for the elderly patient because of which alterations in pharmacokinetics?
a. Increased renal excretion of protein-bound drugs
b More alkaline gastric pH, resulting in more adverse effects
c. Decreased blood flow to the liver, resulting in altered metabolism
d. Less adipose tissue to store fat-soluble drugs
c. Decreased blood flow to the liver, resulting in altered metabolism
When the nurse is reviewing a list of medications taken by an 88-year-old patient, the patient says get dizzy when I stand up.” She also states that she has nearly fainted “a time or two in the afternoons. Her systolic blood pressure drops 15 points when she stands up. Which type of medication may be responsible for these effects?
a NSAIDs
b. Cardiac glycosides
c. Anticoagulants
d. antihypertensives
d. antihypertensives
A pregnant patient who is at 32 weeks gestation has a cold and calls the office to ask about taking an over the-counter medication that is rated as pregnancy category A. Which answer by the nurse is correct?
a. “This drug causes problems in the human fetus, so you should not take this medication
b. This drug may cause problems in the human fetus, but nothing has been proven in clinical trials. It is best not to take this medication.”
c. This drug has not caused problems in animals, but no testing has been done in humans. It is probably is safe to take.”
d. “Studies indicate that there is no risk to the human fetus, so it is okay to take this medication directed if you need it.”
d. “Studies indicate that there is no risk to the human fetus, so it is okay to take this medication directed if you need it.”
A nurse is observing a nursing student prepare and administer medications to adult clients. Which action by the nursing student warrants intervention by the nurse?
a. Injecting air into a vial before withdrawing 20 mg furosemide (Lasix00) from a vial labeled 20 mg/ml.
b. Selecting a 1-mL syringe with a 5/8-inch needle to be used for administering 0.5 mL of heparin
c. Instructing a client to place a buccal medication under the client’s tongue and allowing it to absorb subcutaneously
d. Pouring the ordered medication “Robitussin@ 2 tsp now” to the 10 ml mark on a medication cup
c. Instructing a client to place a buccal medication under the client’s tongue and allowing it to absorb subcutaneously
A nurse is evaluating whether a client on multiple oral medications is taking the medications correctly. Which finding should be most concerning to the nurse because the absorption rate of medications can be increased?
a. Taking afternoon oral medications with a carbonated soft drink
b. Drinking a glass of milk with the tetracycline antibiotic oral medication
c. Taking morning oral medications with water and consuming 2,500 ml of water daily
d. Taking mealtime oral medications with a meal low in fiber and high in fatty food
a. Taking afternoon oral medications with a carbonated soft drink
A patient has a new prescription for a blood pressure medication that may cause him to feel dizzy during the first few days of therapy. Which is the best nursing diagnosis for this situation?
a. Activity intolerance
b. Risk for injury.
C. Disturbed body image
d. Self-care deficit
b. Risk for injury.
A patient’s chart includes an order that reads as follows: “Lanoxin 250mcg once daily at 0900.” Which action by the nurse is correct?
a. The nurse gives the drug via the transdermal route.
b. The nurse gives the drug orally.
c. The nurse gives the drug intravenously.
d. The nurse contacts the prescriber to clarify the dosage route.
d. The nurse contacts the prescriber to clarify the dosage route.
A nurse is observing a nursing student administering a clonidine (Catapres) transdermal patch to a client diagnosed with hypertension. Which action requires the nurse to intervene?
a. Applies gloves
b. Asks the client to state name and also checks the client’s name band
c. Applies patch, rubbing the patch against the skin, and then securing it in place
d. Folds old patch with medication to the inside and discards in a medication disposal receptacle
c. Applies patch, rubbing the patch against the skin, and then securing it in place
The nurse is preparing to administer a medication for sleep. Which intervention applies to the administration of a nonbenzodiazepine, such as zalepion (Sonata)?
a. These drugs need to be taken about 1 hour before bedtime.
b. Because of their rapid onset, these drugs need to be taken just before bedtime.
c. The patient needs to be cautioned about the high incidence of morning drowsiness that may occur after taking these drugs.
d. These drugs are less likely to interact with alcohol.
d. These drugs are less likely to interact with alcohol.
Each statement describes a phase of pharmacokinetics Put the statements in order, with 1 indicating the phase that occurs first and 4 indicating the phase that occurs last.
a. Enzymes in the liver transform the drug into an inactive metabolite.
b. Drug metabolites are secreted through passive glomerular filtration into the renal tubules
c. A drug binds to the plasma protein albumin and circulates through the body.
d. A drug moves from the intestinal lumen into the mesenteric blood system.
dcba
The nurse is preparing to administer an injection to a preschool-age child. Which approaches are appropriate for this age group? (Select all that apply.)
a. Explain to the child in advance about the injection.
b. Provide a brief, concrete explanation about the injection.
c. Encourage participation in the procedure.
d. Make use of magical thinking
e. Provide comfort measures after the injection.
bde
A nurse has taught a client to self-administer a nasal medication. Which conclusions should the nurse make when observing the client administering the medication as illustrated? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.
a. The client needs additional instruction about the correct procedure for administering a nasal medication.
b. The client is able to correctly demonstrate the procedure for administering a nasal medication.
c. The client should have his head titled further back to distribute the medication into the sinuses
d. The client should not be placing the medication dispenser into the nostrils.
e. The client should have his head bent down and leaning forward to administer the medication and tilt his head back to distribute the medication.
f. The client has his head at the appropriate angle to administer and distribute the medication.
ae
A patient has a new prescription for an ACE inhibitor. During a review of the patient’s list of current medications, which would cause concern for a possible interaction with this new prescription? (Select all that apply.)
a. A benzodiazepine taken as needed for allergies
b. A potassium supplement taken daily
c. An oral anticoagulant taken daily
d. An opioid used for occasional severe pain
e. An NSAID taken as needed for headaches
be
The nurse is assessing a patient who has begun therapy with amantadine (Symmetrel) for Parkinson’s disease. The nurse will look for which possible adverse effects? (Select all that apply)
a. Nausea
b. Palpitations
c. Dizziness
d. Insomnia
e. Edema
ace
A nurse is hanging an intravenous (IV) solution of DSNS with 20 mEq of KCL. The nurse notices the label from the pharmacy is correct as indicated; however, the solution is D5W. Which actions should be taken by the nurse to safely administer the IV infusion? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.
a. Check for one unique client identifier before administration
b. Consult the supervisor
c. Administer the IV solution
d. Call the pharmacist
e. First, initiate the new stat orders for another client
f. Know the organization’s policy for medication administration
bdf
