midterms land degredation Flashcards
gigi
_______ is the basis for agriculture and other rural and urban land uses, encompassing soils, climate, vegetation, topography, and other natural resources.
Land
Destruction of the Earth’s surface and soil, directly or indirectly because of human activities
Land degradation
Causes of land degradation include (d,d,m,ss,us) __________________________________________________
deforestation, desertification, mining, soil salinization, and urban sprawl.
is the massive removal of a forest or the clearing of vast forest areas either for lumber source, conversion to agricultural lands, or for urbanization.
Deforestation
It is the biggest threat to all forests nationwide.
Deforestation
According to the ___________forest degradation occurs when forest ecosystems lose their capacity to provide important goods and services to people and nature.
International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN),
Since 1960, over half of ___________ have been destroyed (IUCN).
tropical rainforests
Causes of Deforestation
- Agriculture
- Urbanization
- Timber Extraction
- Anthropogenic Climate Change
- Social and Political
conversion of forest into lands into agricultural lands for crops and livestock
arming to meet the growing food demands of an exponentially increasing global population
Agriculture
clearing of forests to give way to settlements and infrastructure projects such as the building of roads, bridges, railways, airports, and power generation and transmission.
Urbanization
What causes of deforestation?
the global demand for timber has supported illegal and unsustainable logging in various forests of the world
Timber Extraction
What causes of deforestation?
climate change has brought severe and frequent droughts, hurricanes and tropical storms, heatwaves, and fires that destroyed forests worldwide although these are natural phenomena, the change in the normal cycle of the climate is due to human activities
Anthropogenic Climate Change
What causes of deforestation?
Lack of discipline and responsible demand on trades on the part of communities
Social and Political
What causes of deforestation?
Failure of the government to implement environmental laws due to incompetence or corruption
Social and Political
Effects of Deforestation (A,SEF,RAH,LHB)
- Anthropogenic Climate Change
- Soil Erosion and Flooding
- Reduced Air Humidity
- Loss of Habitat and Biodiversity
Dealing with Deforestation
- Reforestation and Afforestation
- Forest Landscape Restoration (FLR)
- The Power of the Marketplace
- Changing the Politics
- Standing with Indigenous Peoples
________________ or also known as the NIPAS Act
The National Integrated Protected Areas System Act of 1992 (Republic Act No. 7586)
Companies can make an impact by introducing and implementing ________________ policies that clean up their supply chains
“zero deforestation”
they are the best protectors of forests, thus the best way to save forests is to recognize the claims of________________ to their forest territories
indigenous peoples
Is another form of land degradation that occurs in arid, semi-arid, and dry sub-humid areas.
Desertification
It is characterized by the loss of soil moisture and nutrient rich topsoil to the point where the land loses its productivity or ability to produce vegetation.
Desertification
Causes of Desertification
- Overgrazing
- Anthropogenic Climate Change
- Deforestation
- Unsustainable Farming Methods
- Overuse of Groundwater
Effects of Desertification
- Decrease in Crop Yield
- Loss of Habitat and Biodiversity
- Migration and Overpopulation
occurs when too many animals graze for too long, exceeding the ability of a grassland
area to support them
Overgrazing
This is the major cause of desertification worldwide
Overgrazing
Soil erosion due to _________ removes the nutrient rich topsoil, converting a productive land to a barren land
deforestation
Over ______- the soil dislodges soil particles, making them vulnerable to erosion and eventually lose soil nutrients and ability to store water
tilling
Dealing with Desertification
- Rotational Grazing
- Better Farming Methods
- Reforestation
- Sustainable use of Ground Water
- Decrease Greenhouse Gas emissions
Irrigation water contains various dissolved salts picked up as water flows over or through rock and soil. This is called _________________
soil salinization.
___________ starts by attempting to wash the salts out of the topsoil by pumping more water.
Water logging
This is the process of extracting precious minerals and other geological materials from the earth.
Mining
_______________ involves stripping the land of its vegetation and soil, resulting to severe erosion.
Surface mining
_________________ involves the digging of shafts and tunnels, often with the aid of explosives. This could trigger the formation of sinkholes.
Underground mining
This refers to the rapid expansion of a city into the countryside around the city.
Urban Sprawl
___________ leads to loss and fragmentation of habitat due to the building of new settlements and infrastructure projects.
Urban sprawl
To reduce the use of automobiles, residential and commercial areas should be built around mass transit networks, called ______________
transit villages.
________ can also be developed wherein communities actively participate in re- greening movements and maintain ecological sustainability.
Ecovillages
T or F
Overuse of chemical fertilizers and pesticides alters the chemical balance of the soil, making it inhospitable for plant growth
T
