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MEDSURG > MIDTERMS - CELLULAR ABERRATION > Flashcards

MIDTERMS - CELLULAR ABERRATION Flashcards

1
Q

It is an abnormal growth of cells.

A

Cancer

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2
Q

The latin word for crab.

A

Cancer

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3
Q

The greek medical term for a malignant tumor derived from epithelial cells.

A

Carcinoma

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4
Q

Scientific designations for cancerous disease.

A

Neoplasia and neoplasm

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5
Q

Any or new abnormal growth.

A

Neoplasm

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6
Q

Any abnormal solid mass.

A

Tumor

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7
Q

An abnormal sac or closed cavity with epithelium and filled with liquid or semi solid matter.

A

Cyst

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8
Q

Invades and destroy the tissue in which it originates and spread to other sites.

A

Malignant

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9
Q

Where does the following derived from?

Carcinoma -
Lymphoma and Leukemia -
Sarcoma -
Mesothelioma-
Glioma -
Germinoma -
Choriocarcinoma -

A

Carcinoma - epithelial cells
Lymphoma and Leukemia - blood and bone marrow cells
Sarcoma - connective tissue and mesenchymal cells
Mesothelioma- mesothelial cells
Glioma - glia
Germinoma - germ cells
Choriocarcinoma - placenta

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10
Q

BENIGN OR MALIGNANT

Grows rapidly

A

Malignant

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11
Q

BENIGN OR MALIGNANT

Grows by enlarging or expanding, remains localized, never infiltrates surrounding tissue.

A

Benign

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12
Q

BENIGN OR MALIGNANT

Contained within a fibrous capsule

A

Benign

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13
Q

BENIGN OR MALIGNANT

Well-differentiated

A

Benign

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14
Q

BENIGN OR MALIGNANT

Large no. of normal and abnormal mitotic figures

A

Malignant

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15
Q

BENIGN OR MALIGNANT

Recurrence is extremely unsual

A

Benign

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16
Q

Hepatocarcinoma is malignant tumor of what type of cells?

A

Liver Cells

17
Q

Malignant tumor of fat cells

A

Liposarcoma

18
Q

Bronchogenic carcinoma

A

Malignant tumor of lower trachea and bronchi

19
Q

Benign tumor of smooth muscle of uterus is called?

A

Leiomyoma

20
Q

What are the four (4) types of recurrence?

A

Local Recurrence
Regional Recurrence
Distant Recurrence
Cancer of Unknown Primary

21
Q

Define the the four (4) types of recurrence.

A

Local Recurrence - near or same organ it developed in
Regional Recurrence - nearby lymph nodes
Distant Recurrence - any other body part not included in local or regional
Cancer of Unknown Primary - cacer has widely spread, impossible to determine where it started

22
Q

What are the genes that cause cancer?

A

Oncogenes

23
Q

Enumerate the factors that influence the cancer development.

A

Environmental/Occupation
Dietary Factors
Genetic Predisposition
Age
Immune Function
Sex
Precancerous lesions
Unhealthy Lifestyle

24
Q

What is the Step 2 in Metastasis when tumor promotes the development of its own blood vessels and blood supply?

A

Angiogenesis

25
Q

Four Methods of Metastasis

A

Lymphatic Spread
Vascular
Local Seeding
Blood borne metastasis

26
Q

Signs and Symptoms of Cancer. [CAUTION US]

A

Change in bladder or bowel habit
A sore that does not heal
Unusual bleeding or discarge
Thickening or lump in breast or other areas
Indigestion or difficulty of swallowing
Obvious change in wart or mole
Nagging cough or hoarseness

Unexplained anemia
Sudden weight loss

27
Q

Differ staging from grading.

A

Staging - describes clinical aspects of cancer
Grading - describes the cellular aspects of cances

28
Q

Most common type of system for staging.

A

TNM System

29
Q

TNM in TNM System stands for?

A

T - Extent of primary tumor
N - Absence or presence of regional lymph node
M - absence or presence of distant metastasis

30
Q

In Staging, (T)NM system, what are the following:
Tx -
To -
Tis -
T1 -
T2 -
T3 -
T4 -

A

Tx - Primary tumor cannot be assessed
To - No evidence of primary tumor
Tis - Cancer in site
T1 - less than 2 cm
T2 - 2 to 5 cm
T3 - more than 5 cm
T4 - Tumor of any size with direct extension

MEDSURG (7 decks)

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