Midterms Based Flashcards
A group of prokaryotic organisms distinct from Bacteria
Archaea
Describe the levels of biological organization from molecules to organisms
Molecules - Organelles - Cells - Tissues - Organs - Organ Systems - Organisms
Describe the levels of biological organization from populations to the biosphere.
Populations - Communities - Ecosystem - Biosphere
What are the two differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
- Prokayrotic cells have no membrane-bound nucleus, whereas eukaryotic cells do.
- Prokaryotes have no membrane-bound organelles, whereas eukaryotes do.
What is the difference between the dynamics of nutrients and energy in an ecosystem?
Nutrients are recycled in the ecosystem while energy is lost from the ecosystem to the universe at large
Systems biology vs Reductionist biology
Reductionism tries to explain biology by examining its component parts, whereas systems biology claims that there are emergent properties which exist but do not appear while only examining component parts.
How does DNA encode a cell’s information?
Through the sequence of the nucleotides along each strand
What are the three multicellular kingdoms within Eukarya?
Animalia, Fungi, Plantae
How do Fungi obtain their food?
Decomposing organic waste and absorbing the nutrients into their cells
What is the difference between a hypothesis and scientific theory?
A hypothesis is made before any data has been collected, and a theory explains existing data
Give examples of producers.
Protists, Plantae
What are the nucleotides in DNA?
Adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine
What are the nucleotides in RNA?
Adenosine, cytosine, uracil, guanine
The process by which animals and plants are breaded to selectively develop particular phenotypic traits
Artificial selection
A substance that donates hydrogen ions to a solution
Acid
The tendency of two kinds of molecules of the same kind to stick together
Adhesion
The smallest unit of matter that still retains the properties of an element
Atom
A substance that cannot be broken down to other substances by ordinary chemical means
Element