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PSTM > (Midterms) Adult Learning > Flashcards

(Midterms) Adult Learning Flashcards

1
Q

who introduced adult learning theory

A

Malcolm Knowled

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2
Q

means teaching of adults

A

andragogy

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3
Q

T or F: adults and children have the same learning style

A

false; different style

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4
Q

andragogy is the what of helping adults to learn

A

art and science

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5
Q

importance of adult learning

A
  • economy growth and development
  • ensure the development of children to be filled with love
  • active participation in own community
  • support and respect other people with different culture
  • nurture creativity and imagination
  • live healthy and fulfilled lives
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6
Q

____ is a skill while _____ is the value

A

creativity, creativeness

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7
Q

4 keypoints in the andragogical model

A

adults are:
- autonomous and self-directed
- goal oriented
- practical
- needs to be shown respect

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8
Q

means self-governance

A

autonomous

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9
Q

means directing oneself

A

self-directed

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10
Q

under goals, you have what

A

objectives

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11
Q

T or F: adults should respect other people

A

true

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12
Q

how many principles did knowles suggested in 1984

A

4

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13
Q

provides the basis in learning

A

experience

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14
Q

adults are interested in what types of subjects

A

have immediate relevance and impact

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15
Q

T or F: adult learning is more content-oriented than problem-centered

A

false; baliktad

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16
Q

4 principles that knowles suggested

A
  • involved adult learners
  • adult learners’ experience
  • relevance and impact to learners’ lives
  • problem-centered
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17
Q

senses are used in this type of adult educational theory

A

sensory stimulation theory

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18
Q

the purpose of this adult educational theory is to enhance knowledge and increase critical learning skills

A

cognitive theory

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19
Q

this adult educational theory is based on behavior

A

reinforcement theory

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20
Q

this adult educational theory involves the learner’s presence in the process

A

facilitation

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21
Q

this adult educational theory focuses on the importance of the adult learning principles

A

andragogy

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22
Q

according to him motivation is an aspect in adult learning

A

stephen lieb

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23
Q

six factors that act as motivation in adult learning

A
  • social relationship
  • external expectations
  • social welfare
  • personal advancement
  • escape/stimulation
  • cognitive interest
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24
Q

are formal authorities in the classroom

A

teachers

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25
Q

this improves ability to serve mankind

A

social welfare

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26
Q

T or F: personal advancement aims to achieve higher status in a job

A

true

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27
Q

this provides break from work

A

escape/stimulation

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28
Q

to learn for the sake of learning

A

cognitive interest

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29
Q

respond to reinforcements

A

adult learners

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30
Q

T or F: adult learners also need reinforcements

A

true

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31
Q

vital part of the teaching process

A

reinforcement

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32
Q

reinforcement that encourages good behavior

A

positive reinforcement

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33
Q

reinforcement that is not the same as punsihment

A

negative reinforcement

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34
Q

4 elements in adult learning

A
  • motivation
  • reinforcement
  • retention
  • transference
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35
Q

the opportunity where students practice what they have learned

A

transference

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36
Q

introduced behaviorism theory

A

john broadus watson

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37
Q

john broadus watson was known as

A

father of american behaviorist theory

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38
Q

john broadus watson’s work is based on whose experiment

A

Pavlov experiment

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39
Q

john broadus watson’s work was based on what experiment

A

dog’s digestive system

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40
Q

john broadus watson researched on

A

classical conditioning

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41
Q

believed that everyone is different in terms of behavior due to different experiences in learning

A

john broadus watson

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42
Q

aspects of watson’s theory

A
  • opposed mentalistic concepts
  • used contiguity
  • considers emotion as another example of classical conditioning
  • rejected the notion of individiual differences
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43
Q

Before conditioning, neutral stimulus will give what response

A

No response

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44
Q

During conditioning, neutral stimulus will give what

A

Unconditional stimulus and response

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45
Q

After conditioning, neutral stimulus will give what

A

Conditioned response

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46
Q

What did watson first used as subjects

A

Animals

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47
Q

Watson shifted from his first subject to what

A

Human behaviours and emotions

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48
Q

Watson’s theory is more concerned with what

A

Effects of stimuli

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49
Q

Watson’s idea was derived from where

A

Pavlov’s animal study

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50
Q

Conditioning that Involves an involuntary response and stimulus

A

Classical conditioning

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51
Q

Conditioning that associates voluntary behavior and a consequence

A

Operant conditioning

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52
Q

T or F: in operant conditioning, the learner is rewarded w/ incentives; while in classical conditioning, there are no rewards

A

True

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53
Q

Learning where knowledge/skills are acquired

A

Cognitive learning

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54
Q

Cognitive learning us based on whose work

A

Jean piaget

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55
Q

Rejected the idea that learners are passive and react to stimuli found in environment

A

Jean piaget

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56
Q

Thus learning, explains how the mind works during the learning process

A

Cognitive learning

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57
Q

Learning that is done in/out the environment

A

Social learning

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58
Q

Learning that involves observing and imitating others

A

Social learning

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59
Q

Which has a broader theoretical scope; social cognitive theory or social learning theory

A

Social cognitive theory

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60
Q

Includes the concept of humans as agents in shaping the environment

A

Social cognitive learning

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61
Q

This is learning that only tackles the learning process in terms of social context

A

Social learning theory

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62
Q

Who created or introduced learning propositions

A

Watsons and knowles

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63
Q

This is where rewarded behaviors can be repeated

A

Learning propositions

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64
Q

T or F: positive enforcement is not important in learning propositions

A

False; important siya

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65
Q

T or F: complete repetitions without reinforcement are not effective in learning

A

True

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66
Q

In learning propositions, rewards can be late

A

False, bawal late

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67
Q

Decreases the amount of information that will be forgotten

A

Recalling immediately

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68
Q

Is more effective than rereading

A

Recalling

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69
Q

Will prevent the learner from becoming rational and determined

A

Too much frustration

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70
Q

T or F: there are subjects superior from other

A

False; wala (minor lang naman sure na pabida eme)

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71
Q

Most likely to be remembered if it is learned in a similar situation

A

Learned information

72
Q

Remember new infos that supports their previous attitude better

A

Children and adults

73
Q

Need to know the relevance of the information before studying

A

Adults

74
Q

Ksa is

A

Knowledge, skills, abilities/attitude

75
Q

Top of Gagne’s condition of learning

A

Problem solving

76
Q

Bottom of Gagne’s condition of learning

A

Signal learning

77
Q

behavioral aspects of gagne’s condition of learning

A
  • Verbal association learning
  • psychomotor connection learning
  • stimulus-response learning
  • signal learning
78
Q

cognitive aspects of gagne’s condition of learning

A
  • Problem solving
  • principle learning
  • concept learning
  • multiple discrimination learning
79
Q

1-4 from gagne’s condition of learning are more of what aspect

A

Behavior

80
Q

5-8 from gagne’s condition of learning are more of what aspect

A

Cognitive aspect

81
Q

This is a general response to a signal

A

Signal learning

82
Q

precise response to a distinct stimulus

A

Stimulus-response learning

83
Q

Learning where response is based on the stimulus given

A

Stimulus-response learning

84
Q

chain of two or more stimulus-response connections is acquired

A

Chaining

85
Q

learning of chains that are verbal.

A

Verbal association

86
Q

ability to make different responses to similar-appearing stimuli.

A

Discrimination learning

87
Q

common response to a class of stimuli

A

Concept of learning

88
Q

chain of two or more concepts

A

Rule learning

89
Q

learning that requires higher order of thinking

A

Problem-solving

90
Q

T or F: teachers help student define the problem or goal in problem solving

A

True

91
Q

In problem solving, students differ un what

A
  • concept distinctiveness
  • ability to combine rules into hypotheses and apply specific solutions
  • intellectual and creativity distinctiveness
92
Q

T or F: in problem solving, teachers doesn’t help students remember important rules

A

False; they help

93
Q

Four Elements That Provide The Framework For Gagne’s Conditions Of Learning Theory

A
  • Conditions of Learning
  • Association Learning
  • The Five Categories of Learning Outcomes
  • The Nine Events of Instruction
94
Q

5 categories of learning outcomes

A
  • intellectual skills
  • cognitive strategy
  • verbal information
  • attitude
  • motor skills
95
Q

Learning outcome that uses metacognition

A

Cognitive strategy

96
Q

Learning outcomes that use facts of knowledge

A

Verbal information

97
Q

Actions that a person chooses to complete

A

Attitudes

98
Q

Learning outcome that uses behavioral physical skill

A

Motor skills

99
Q

Two conditions of learning

A
  • internal
  • external
100
Q

Capabilities that exist already in a learner

A

Internal condition

101
Q

Include different stimuli that exist outside the learner

A

External condition

102
Q

9 events of instruction

A
  • Gain the attention of the learners
  • Inform learners of the objectives
  • Stimulate recall of prior learning
  • Present the content.
  • Provide learning guidance
  • Elicit performance (practice)
  • Provide feedback of the performance
  • Assess performance
  • Enhance retention and transfer to the job
103
Q

Instruction that is very important

A

Gain the attention of the learners

104
Q

T or F: presentation is very important in presenting content

A

True

105
Q

Are important in assessing performance

A

Feedback and assessment

106
Q

7 elements influencing adult learning

A
  • Preparing the learners
  • Climate Setting
  • Mutual planning
  • Identification of learning needs
  • Formulation of learning objectives or learning outcomes
  • Learning plan execution
  • evaluation
107
Q

T or F: in mutual planning, both teacher and student must plan

A

True

108
Q

Implementation of the course syllabus/learning plan

A

Learning plan execution

109
Q

T or f: learning is not a normal adult activity

A

False; normal

110
Q

T or F: Adults with a positive self-concept & high self- esteem are more responsive to learning

A

True

111
Q

Reinforces change already made

A

Success

112
Q

Provides motive for further learning

A

Success

113
Q

dynamic/active & self- directed process

A

Adult Learning

114
Q

Adult Learning principles

A
  • higher sense of self-direction and motivation.
  • use their life experiences to facilitate learning.
  • focused on achieving goals.
  • need to know how the information is relevant.
  • are practical.
  • are looking for help and mentorship.
115
Q

They learn what the teacher wants them to learn

A

Pedagogy

116
Q

They focus on relevant information only

A

Andragogy

117
Q

Depends on the teacher to learn

A

Pedagogy

118
Q

They are autonomous

A

Andragogy

119
Q

They are less reliant on the teacher in learning

A

Andragogy

120
Q

The teacher controls their learning experience

A

Pedagogy

121
Q

Grades are important to them

A

Pedagogy

122
Q

They depend on the teacher throughout the learning process

A

Pedagogy

123
Q

They are motivated by high grades and feel of failure

A

Pedagogy

124
Q

More organized due to the complications of the students

A

Pedagogy

125
Q

They use a motivational approach in nature

A

Andragogy

126
Q

uses the principle of behaviorism to notify its approach

A

Behaviorism

127
Q

believes that learning is teacher-focused

A

Behaviorist pedagogical approach

128
Q

support the use of direct instruction and lecture-based lessons

A

Behaviorism

129
Q

acquire through experiences experiences and reflection

A

Constructivism

130
Q

may be considered as a mixture of two significances

A

social constructivism pedagogy

131
Q

2 significance of social constructivism

A
  • teacher guide
  • student-related
132
Q

a critical pedagogy

A

Liberationist

133
Q

Developed liberationist

A

Paulo Freire

134
Q

Beazilian educator; director of Department of Education and developed an approach of teaching

A

Paulo Freire

135
Q

Paulo freire was able to develop a style of teaching adults in just how many days

A

45 days

136
Q

2 barriers of learning

A
  • poverty
  • hunger
137
Q

art and science of helping adults learn

A

Andragogy

138
Q

T or f: Adults learn better from experience

A

True

139
Q

Applicable in Case Study

A

Andragogical approach

140
Q

Needs to be involved in planning and evaluating their instruction

A

Adults

141
Q

Andragogy is best suited for:

A

Self-motivated learners

  • self-motivated learners
  • Structured formal learning with applied goals
  • Specific problem solving
142
Q

Who developed transformational learning

A

Jack mezirow

143
Q

Posits that all learners use different assumptions, expectations, and beliefs to make sense of the world around them

A

Transformational learning

144
Q

Attempts to help learners change or transform their existing frames of reference through a process of problem solving

A

Transformational learning

145
Q

challenges their existing beliefs and critically reflect upon what has taken place

A

Disorienting dilemma

146
Q

one of the “Stickiest” types of learning

A

Transformational learning

147
Q

can shift an individual’s perspective on how to behave, interact, or problem solve

A

Transformational learning

148
Q

Transformational learning is suitable for for what type of learner

A
  • Personal change and growth mindset
  • Complex analytical processes
  • Situational evaluation and analysis
149
Q

Who developed experiential learning

A

David kolb

150
Q

Experiential learning is based on whose work

A
  • John Dewey
  • Kurt Lewin
  • Jean Piaget
151
Q

hands-on approach that puts the learner at the center of the learning experience

A

Experiential learning

152
Q

4 elements of experiential learning

A
  • Involvement
  • Reflection upon practice
  • Conceptualization of the experience - Use of knowledge gained from experience
153
Q

Experiential learning is suitable for

A
  • Systematic thinking
  • Process-oriented tasks
  • Mechanical skills development
154
Q

T or F: adults learn more when directly involved in the learning experience

A

True

155
Q

Self-directed learning is based on whose theory

A

Malcolm knowles

156
Q

Added elements of self- management in sdl

A

D.R. Garrison

157
Q

learning process where individual take the

initiative to diagnose learning needs, form learning goals, identify resources, implement a learning plan, and assess their own results

A

Self-directed learning

158
Q

requires the learner to be able to access and select appropriate learning

A

Self directed learning

159
Q

Sdl is best for who

A
  • Self-motivated learners
  • Technology-based learning
  • Teaching systems-based or process-based knowledge
    -Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs)
160
Q

Project based learning is developed by whi

A

John dewey

161
Q

Is learning by doing

A

Project based learning

162
Q

acquiring deeper knowledge through active exploration of real-world problems

A

Project based learning

163
Q

believed to increase the possibility of long-term retention of skills and knowledge

A

Project based learning (pbl)

164
Q

requires the use of diverse skills, including inquiry, critical-thinking, problem solving, collaboration, and communication

A

Project based learning (pbl)

165
Q

Pbl is suited for:

A
  • Long term project management activities
  • Process improvement
  • Software and technology research and development
166
Q

Action learning is developed by who

A

Reg revans

167
Q

involves taking action and reflecting on the results

A

Action learning

168
Q

improve problem solving processes and simplify the resulting solutions

A

Action learning

169
Q

tackles problems by first asking questions to clarify the problem, reflecting and identifying possible solutions and only then taking action

A

Action learning

170
Q

Requires that the group be able to take action on the problem

A

Action learning

171
Q

Build group discussion in action learning

A

Questions

172
Q

7 tips to enhance adult learning

A
  1. Build a blended learning solution
  2. Link learning to expected results
  3. Formalize your informal learning
  4. Build communities for practice
  5. Chunk you content
  6. Incorporate microlearning
  7. Enable personal learning paths
173
Q

Suite that makes east slide-based courses w/ quizzes and such

A

iSpring suite

174
Q

Is more than slicing and dicing

A

Microlearning

175
Q

Creates learning activities or assessments that deliver a full learning experience in just a few minutes

A

Effective microlearning

176
Q

This is done to make content into smaller learning modules

A

Chunking

PSTM (4 decks)

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