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nuclear medicine > midterms > Flashcards

midterms Flashcards

1
Q
  • instruments are designed to detect or measure radiation
  • Those designed detection generally operate in pulse or rate mode.
A

RADIATION DETECTION AND MEASUREMENTS

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2
Q

Radiation is indicated by ticking, chirping, or beeping.

A

PULSE MODE

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3
Q

instruments response is measured in mR/hr or R/hr

A

RATE MODE

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4
Q

designed to measure the intensity of radiation usually operate in the integrate mode- they accumulate with a total exposure of mR or R

A

DOSIMETRY

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5
Q

dosimetry measuring device

A

dosimeters

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6
Q

earliest radiation detection device, still the primary means of radiation detection measurements

A

photographic emulsion

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7
Q

TWO PRINCIPAL APPLICATION OF FILM IN DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING

A
  • Film is used in making a radiograph
  • Film is used as personnel radiation monitor-film badge
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8
Q

As radiation passes through gas, it ionizes atoms of gas in it’s path, then electrons released in ionization are detected as signal proportional to the radiation intensity

A

GAS-FILLED DETECTORS

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9
Q

Occurs when a flash of light is emitted from the absorption of ionizing radiation. The amount of light emitted is proportional to the amount of energy absorbed by a material.

A

SCINTILLATION DETECTORS
(crystals and scintillance)

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10
Q

Also known as survey meter
(most common)

A

IONIZATION CHAMBER

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11
Q
  • useful in their ability to detect the difference between alpha and beta radiation.
  • sensitive instrument that are used in stationary laboratory instruments for the assay of small quantities of radioactivity
A

PROPORTIONAL COUNTERS

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12
Q

Useful in detecting impurities especially in nuclear medicine facility

A

GEIGER-MULLER COUNTERS

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13
Q

added to the filling gas of Geiger-Muller to return the counter after the first ionizing event to it’s original condition. (xenon)

A

QUENCHING AGENT

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14
Q

SCILLIATION DETECTORS

A
  • THERMO LUMINESCENT DOSIMETER (TLD)
  • OPTICALLY STIMULATED LUMINESCENCE (OSL)
  • POCKET DOSIMETER
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15
Q

✓ MOST ACCURATE
✓ USES LITHIUM FLOURIDE (LiF)
✓ CAN MEASURE AS LOW AS
10mrad-10 rad

A

THERMO LUMINESCENT DOSIMETER (TLD)

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16
Q

✓ MOST SENSITIVE
✓ USES ALUMINUM OXIDE
✓ CAN MEASURE AS LOW AS 1mrad

A

OPTICALLY STIMULATED LUMINESCENCE (OSL)

17
Q

✓ PROVIDES IMMEDIATE READING
✓ ALSO KNOWN AS PEN DOSIMETER
✓ CAN MEASURE 0-200mR

A

POCKET DOSIMETER

18
Q
  • LEAST ACCURATE
  • CAN MEASURE DOSES >10mR
  • Filters: Aluminum and Copper
  • Common causes of film fog HIGH temperature = HIGH humidity
    And more than 1 month of use.
  • ONLY device that can provide permanent record of the dose.
A

FILM BADGE

nuclear medicine (2 decks)

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