MIDTERMS Flashcards
The use of virtual reality
Refers to a set of technologies which allow aperson to feel as as if they were present
Integrated solution that allows you to collaborate with people at remote location
Telepresence
Is an operation whereas you control a certain vehicle or a system over a distance
Teleoperation
The concept of telepresence originated in _____ short story by science fiction writer Robert A. Heinlein
1942
Autonomous robots, holograms, virtual reality, and mechanical interfaces.
Telepresence technologies
Bazin discussed concept of presence in the context of theatrical performance whereas actors have “stage presence”. Also discussed relation of cinema and photography
1967
Marvin Minsky first used the term “telepresence” in the context of teleoperation
1980
Sharidan refers to presence elicited by a VE as “Virtual presence”, whereas he uses telepresence for the case teleoperation
1992
Is a technology via telecommunication that makes people feel being present at the physical location.
Telepresence
Advantages of TP
Full-fill business objective
Less expenditure
Increase in Productivity
Recruitment Made easy
Greater engagement
Support Business Enablement
Reduce or eliminate travel
FLIR GSR
Disadvantages of TP
Limited to network
Require high bandwidth
An enhanced version of reality where live direct or indirect views of physical real world environments are augmented with superimposed computer generated images over the user’s view of real world
Augmented reality
Some also call it to image recognition, it requires a special visual object and a camera to scan it
Marker-based AR
A.k.a location based or position-based augmented reality, that utilizes a GPS, a compass a gyroscope and an accelerometer
Markerless-based AR
Projecting synthetic light to physical surface, and in some cases allows to interact with it
Projection-based AR
Replaces the original view with an augmented fully or partially. Object recognition plays a key role without it the whole concept is impossible
Superimposition
Derived from the greek word “haptein” or “haptethar” meaning to fasten or to touch
Haptics
is an evolving technology for full motion, three dimensional video conferencing. Can project realistic, full motion, real time 3d images.
Holographic Theory
it is the creation of a virtual environment presented to out senses in such a way that we experience it as if we were really there
Virtual Reality
the term ____ was originally introduced in a 1994 paper by Paul Milgram and Fumio Kishino
It is the result of blending the physical world with the digital world
next evolution to human
Mixed Reality
A ____ is either a hardware device or a software-based process that compresses and decompresses large amount of data used in a VOIP
Video / Codec
Capture only a portion of the data needed by a predictive algorithm to produce a near identical copy of the original voice or video
Lossy Codecs
Capture, transmit, and decodes all aduio and video information at the far end at the expense of higher bandwidth requirements
Lossless Codecs
The ____ is the network of devices such as vehicles and home appliances that contain electronics, software, sensors, actuators & connectivity which allows things to connect and exchange data
Internet of things (IOT)
Involves extending internet connectivity beyond standard devices, laptops, smartphones and tablets.
IOT
ADVANTAGES OF IOT
Access Information
Communication
Cost-Effective
Automation
(ACCA)
You can easily access data and information that is sitting far from your location, in real time.
Access information
Better communication is possible over a network of interconnected devices
Communication
Transferring data packets over a connected network save time and money
Cost-Effective
Is the need of the hour to manage everyday task without human intervention
Automation
Disadvantage of IOT
Privacy & Security
Complexity
Lesser Jobs
Dependability
(PCLD)
This is a major drawback of sharing information, as confidential information might not be safe & could be hacked by a third party easily
Privacy and security
A single loophole can affect the ENTIRE SYSTEM, (the most complicated aspect of IOT)
Complexity
With everyday task being automated, the need for human labor will reduce drastically
Lesser jobs
in 19– , ____ created the first internet devices, a toaster that be turn on and off over the internet
1989, John Romkey
THE _____ term is coined by _____ executive director of the auto-ID center
1999, Internet of things, Kevin Ashton
The 1990’s internet wave connected ___ users
1billion users
The 2000’s mobile wave connected ____ users
2billion users
The IoT has the potential to connect 30X or as many ___ ‘objects’ to the internet
50 billion
is a term describing the acces of networking resources from a centralized third-party provider using wide area network (WAN)
Cloud networking
is a model that allow on-demand network access to shared computing resources, A model for managing, storing and processing data online via the internet
Cloud computing
4 characteristic of CLOUD COMPUTING
On-Demand Service
Network Access
Shared Resources
Scalability
(ONSS)
You use it when you needed
On-demand service
Use internet as medium
Network access
Resource are pooled together, it is used by multiple clients
shared resources
allows elasticity of resources
Scalability
Is an architecture that extends services offered by a cloud to edge devices such as routers, switches
Fog computing
is a relatively new term, which refers to data being processed at the edge of a network, instead doing all of the processing in a big central cloud
Edge computing
it is a technology that allows you to save files in storage, and then access those files via the cloud
Cloud storage
Many services today are called?
Cloud services
is a system of organizations, people, activities, information, and resources involved in moving a product or service from supplier to CUSTOMER
Supply chain
is defined as a process, which is used to examine big and small data sets with varying data properties to extract meaningful conclusion and actionable insights
Data Analytics
is the ability of different systems, devices, application or products to connect and communicate in a coordinated way, without effort from the end user
Interoperability
System can communicate successfully through compatible formats and protocols, tools such as XML & SQL, also referred to as structural interoperability
Syntactic Interoperability
the ability of systems to exchange and accurately interpret information automatically, it is achieved when structure and codification of data is uniform among all systems involved
Semantic interoperability
Refers to the standardization of practices, rather than relating to the mechanisms behind data exchange this type only focuses on the non technical aspects of an interoperable organization
Cross-domain / cross-organization interoperability
A decentralized and distributed ledger called _____ securely and openly record transactions via a network of computers
Blockchain technology
It’s a digital ledger that holds an ever-expanding list of data or blocks that are connected by a cryptographic methods to create a chain
blockchain technology
The _____ of blockchain technology is one of its main characteristics
Decentralization
blockchain employs cryptographic methods to guarantee the confidentiality and accuracy of transactions
Cryptographic security
are protocols employed by network users to come to a ____ regarding the legitimacy of transaction
Consensus Mechanisms
To validate transactions, miners compete by working through challenging mathematical puzzles. The first miner to solve the riddle gets to upload the new block to the blockchain
proof of work POW
the quantity of bitcoin that validators are ready to “stake” as collateral determines which of them gets to build new blocks, It requires less processing power than POW, it is also more energy efficient than POW
Proof of stake POS
A transaction is almost impossible to change or remove once it is
registered on the blockchain and validated by the consensus process. The integrity of
the transaction history kept on the blockchain is guaranteed by its _____?
Immutability
The blockchain makes transactions transparent by enabling anybody to
see the complete history of transactions recorded there. By being_______, players
are more likely to trust one another, which lessens the need for middlemen to confirm
transactions.
Transparency
: Peer-to-peer transactions without the need for middlemen are made
possible by blockchain technology, which powers cryptocurrencies like Ethereum and
Bitcoin.
Cryptocurrencies
_______ are self-executing agreements that have the provisions
of the contract explicitly encoded into the code. They streamline procedures and lessen
the need for middlemen by automating and enforcing contractual agreements.
Smart Contracts
By doing away with middlemen and lowering transaction costs,
blockchain can enable quicker and more affordable _____ payments.
Cross-Border Payments
By documenting each stage of the supply chain, from production to
distribution, blockchain technology can offer end-to-end product _______. This
promotes supply chain transparency, lowers counterfeiting, and guarantees product
authenticity
Traceability
Voters can safely cast their ballots from any location in the world
thanks to blockchain-enabled remote voting systems. By doing this, the security and
integrity of the voting process can be preserved while simultaneously increasing voter
accessibility and participation.
Remote Voting:
On the Ethereum blockchain, _____ is one of the most widely used
programming languages for creating smart contracts. It is a contract-oriented, statically
typed language with influences from Python, C++, and JavaScript. Decentralized finance (DeFi), decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs), and token creation are just
a few of the many uses for Solidity that make developing smart contracts easier.
Solidity
is an Ethereum smart contract language substitute that places an emphasis
on auditability, security, and ease of use. Its syntax is similar to that of Python, and its
goal is to reduce the risk of vulnerabilities while increasing developer accessibility to
smart contract development.
Vyper
The smart contracts in Hyperledger, or chaincode, are written in Go
(Golang) using the permissioned blockchain framework Hyperledger Fabric. Chaincode
is run in a containerized environment after being deployed to the network.
Chaincode (Go)
One of the most popular blockchain protocols for creating decentralized
applications is?
Ethereum
What is NFT?
Non-fungible Token
