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GEC09 - Ethics > Midterms > Flashcards

Midterms Flashcards

1
Q

This is the study of nature of duty and obligation

A

Deontology

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2
Q

Greek word of deontology

A

Deont, meaning being necessary

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3
Q

True or false: Kant believes that morality is constant

A

True

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4
Q

What does priori mean?

A

Knowledge or reasoning that is independent of experience or empirical evidence

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5
Q

This determines what is good

A

Reason

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6
Q

These are commands you should follow if you want something. Your actions are contingent on your desires.

A

Hypothetical imperative

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7
Q

This is a command you must follow regardless of your desires and moral obligations are derived from pure reason.

A

Categorical imperatives

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8
Q

The formulation, “Act only in accordance with that maxim through which you can at the same time will that it become a universal law” is popularly known as the…

A

Universalizability Principle

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9
Q

This refers to the rule or principle of action

A

Maxim

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10
Q

This refers to something that must always be done in similar situation

A

Universal law

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11
Q

Enumerate the universalizability test:

A

0: Identify the action to be tested
1: Formulate the maxim (personal rule: “When I… I shall…)
2: Test for universalizability: Imagine the maxim as a universal law
3: Conclude by articulating the duty

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12
Q

This is the epistemological view that “regards reason as the chief source and test of knowledge”

A

Rationalism

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13
Q

He is the central figure in modern philosophy

A

Immanuel Kant

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14
Q

What are Kant’s three critiques?

A

Critique of Pure Reason, Practical Reason, Power of Judgement

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15
Q

This is the source of the general laws of nature that structure all our experience according to Kant

A

Human understanding

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16
Q

This depends on experiences such as empirical observations and introspection of one’s conscious states

A

Posteriori

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17
Q

These people defined good in terms of pleasure

A

Hedonists

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18
Q

This is a theory that states that knowledge comes only or primarily from sensory experience.

A

Empiricism

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19
Q

This is the branch of philosophy that deals with the nature, scope, and limits of human knowledge.

A

Epistemology

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20
Q

This allows one to arrive at a conclusion with certainty

A

Deductive logic

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21
Q

This can only provide a conclusion that is probably true

A

Inductive logic

22
Q

This claims that individuals have innate knowledge or concepts

A

Rationalism

23
Q

True or false: Rationalists believe in intuition

A

True

24
Q

This consists of the mental faculty to construct ideas and thoughts that are beyond our immediate surroundings

A

Rationality

25
Q

This is the capacity to act according to principles that we determine for ourselves

A

Rational will

26
Q

This is the property of rational will

A

Autonomy

27
Q

Animals act according to impulses based on

A

Natural instincts

28
Q

This is the choice that can be determined by pure reason

A

Free choice

29
Q

What does arbitrium brutum mean?

A

Animal choice

30
Q

This is the choice that may indeed be affected but not determined by impulses

A

Human choice

31
Q

It identifies the particular duties in a straightforward manner that the adherents of the theory must follow

A

Substantive moral theory

32
Q

This will give us a set of instructions on how to make a list of duties or moral commands

A

Formal theory

33
Q

True or false: Kant’s ethical theory is a form of formal theory of moral that gives us procedure to know the rightness of an action

A

True

34
Q

True or False: Whatever is a means of preserving human life and warding off its obstacles belongs to the natural law

A

True

35
Q

Enumerate the seven basic goods:

A

Self-preservation
Procreation
Educate Offspring
Seek God
Live in Society
Avoid Offense
Shun Ignorance

36
Q

What basic goods are exclusive to a person because they use reason?

A

Seek God
Live in Society
Avoid Offense
Shun Ignorance

37
Q

He wrote Magnum opus: Summa Teologiae

A

St. Thomas Aquinas

38
Q

Who said that the good cannot be known, yet it is the source and cause of all things to become visible

A

Plato (The Republic)

39
Q

What are the four causes of essence according to Aristotle?

A

Material
Efficient (preceding force)
Formal (function)
Final (telos)

40
Q

Enumerate the circles of neoplatonic cosmology

A

The one
Mind
World Soul
Material World

41
Q

What is our final goal according to neoplatonism?

A

To return to the one

42
Q

This must be in accordance with your nature. What is natural to you is your own good.

A

Natural Law

43
Q

This refers to the determination of proper measure of our acts

A

Law

44
Q

Enumerate the four laws in the natural law theory

A

Eternal Law
Natural Law
Human Law
Divine Law

45
Q

This is the assertion that the divine wisdom directs each being toward its proper end

A

Eternal Law

46
Q

This refers to the instances where we have precepts or instructions that come from divine revelation

A

Divine Law

47
Q

This refers to all instances wherein human beings construct and enforce laws in their communities

A

Human Law

48
Q

This does not generate an external set of rules that are written down for us to consult, but rather it generates general rules that any rational agent can come to recognize by being rational.

A

Natural Law

49
Q

Where is Immanuel Kant’s ethical system found

A

Grundlegung zur Metaphysik der Sitten.

50
Q

Who coined the word deontology

A

C.D. Broad in his book Five Types of Ethical Theory

51
Q
A

GEC09 - Ethics (2 decks)

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