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Computer Information Systems > Midterm - study guide, powerpoint > Flashcards

Midterm - study guide, powerpoint Flashcards

1
Q

Ch1. Knowledge workers are professionals who ________.

A

create, modify, and/or synthesize knowledge as a fundamental part of their jobs

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2
Q

Ch1. What is an example of outsourcing?

A

Microsoft hands over its customer service function to Convergys, located in India.

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3
Q

Ch1. What occurred when Alvin Toffler’s “third wave” gained speed?

A

Information became the currency of the realm.

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4
Q

Ch1. The type of Web sites that are designed to allow users to participate by adding, or editing content are called ________?

A

Web 2.0

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5
Q

Ch1. Outsourcing has seen a huge increase because of the ________.

A

decrease in telecommunication costs

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6
Q

Ch2. At the ________ level of a firm, the routine, day-to-day business processes and interactions with customers occur.

A

operational

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7
Q

Ch2. ________ are new technologies, products, or services that eventually surpass the existing dominant technology or product in a market.

A

Disruptive innovations

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8
Q

Ch2. Ben White is the manager of a retail store. His work typically includes the routine, day-to-day interactions with customers and, once in a while, solving a customer’s problem or dealing with a dissatisfied customer. Additionally, he has to keep track of inventory and issue an order for additional inventory with levels below a specified level. Ben is a(n) ________ level manager.

A

operational

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9
Q

Ch2. Managers in the ________ level are referred to as “executives.

A

strategic

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10
Q

Ch2. What is a disadvantage of firms that pursue a global strategy?

A

inability to react quickly to local challenges and opportunities

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11
Q

Ch3. A(n) ________ is also referred to as the computer’s brain.

A

central processing unit

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12
Q

Ch3. The most widely used operating system in larg businesses is which of the following?

A

Windows 7

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13
Q

Ch3. ________ is a term that refers to the transmission capacity of a computer or communications channel.

A

Bandwidth

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14
Q

Ch3. Packets are used on the Internet to __________

A

Deliver data and information across networks.

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15
Q

Ch3. Software that organizes, manages, and processes business data, such as data concerned with inventory, customers, and vendors, is called:

A

Application software

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16
Q

Ch11. Entering a large number of separate forms or documents into a computer system and manipulating this data at a single time is referred to as ________.

A

batch processing

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17
Q

Ch11. In a database table, a cell contains which of the following?

A

A measure of an attribute of an entity

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18
Q

Ch11. Which of the following types of ports is used to connect flash drives to computers?

A

USB port

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19
Q

Ch11. Which of the following is an operating system designed for mobile devices and developed by Google?

A

Android

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20
Q

Ch11. ________ languages use functional design elements which combine properties and behaviors to define the relevant system components, such as buttons on screens

A

Object-oriented

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21
Q

Ch4. A form of electronic commerce which is used to conduct business with business partners such as suppliers and intermediaries is called ________ electronic commerce

A

business-to-business

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22
Q

Ch4. What is an example of consumer-to-consumer electronic commerce?

A

Marty buys Lobsang’s mountaineering equipment on eBay.com

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23
Q

Ch4. Which of the following is an example of disintermediation?

A

OakTeak, a furniture manufacturing firm, started selling directly to its customers after it experienced a dip in sales due to channel conflicts between retailers.

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24
Q

Ch4. In the context of B2B supply chain management, ________ can be defined as access points through which a business partner accesses secured, proprietary information from an organization

A

portals

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25
Q

Ch4. Companies following a ________ business strategy choose to operate solely in the traditional physical markets.

A

brick-and-mortar

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26
Q

Ch5. What is a basic concept associated with Web 2.0?

A

shift in users’ role from the passive consumer of content to its creator

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27
Q

Ch5. _______ is a phenomenon where companies use everyday people as a cheap labor force.

A

Crowdsourcing

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28
Q

Ch5. A major benefit of social software is the potential ability to harness the “wisdom of crowds,” which is also referred to as ________

A

collective intelligence

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29
Q

Ch5. Which of the following facilitates real-time written conversations?

A

instant messaging

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30
Q

Ch5. What is a factor that differentiates asynchronous communication from synchronous communication?

A

coordination in time

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31
Q

Ch.1 Define the first wave of change

A

A civilization based on agriculture and handwork

Relatively primitive stage
Lasted thousands of years

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32
Q

Ch.1 Define the second wave of change

A

The industrial revolution

Began at the end of the 18th century and lasted about 150 years

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33
Q

Ch.1 Describe the second wave of change

A

The information age

Information becomes the currency

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34
Q

Ch.1 Define the knowledge worker

A

An individual who is relatively well educated who creates, modifies, and/or synthesizes knowledge and fundamental part of a job

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35
Q

Ch.1 Describe the digital divide

A

those with access to information technology have great advantages over those without access

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36
Q

Ch.1 What is economic changes

A

Increases in international trade, development of global financial systems and currency, and outsourcing of labor

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37
Q

Ch.1 What is cultural changes

A

Increased multiculturalism through TV and movies; international travel and immigration; ethnic foods; facebook, FarmVille, Twitter, and YouTube

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38
Q

Ch.1 What is Technological Changes

A

Low-cost computing platforms and communication technologies; email, skype, and instant messaging; low-cost global telecommunications infrastructure; global patent and copyright enforcement

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39
Q

Ch.1 Define Information Systems (5)

A

Combination of five key elements; People, Hardware, Software, Data, Telecommunications networks

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40
Q

Ch.1 What is data

A

raw, unformatted information

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41
Q

Ch.1 What is information

A

data that is transformed to have a meaning

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42
Q

Ch.1 What is hardware

A

CPU, disk drives, monitors, keyboards, ext

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43
Q

Ch.1 What is Software

A

provide hardware with processing instructions

44
Q

What is telecommunications networks

A

allow computers to share information and services

45
Q

Ch.1 Organizations use information systems to… (4)

A
  • be more productive and profitable
  • gain competitive advantage
  • reach more customers
  • improve service to their customers
46
Q

Ch.2 What are the three levels of Decision Making of an organization

A

Executive Level, Managerial Level, Operational Level

47
Q

Ch.2 Describe the Operational Level of decision-making

A

Day to day business processes, interactions with customers

48
Q

Ch.2 What types of decisions do Operational Level of decision makers make

A

structured, recurring, can often be automated using IS

49
Q

Ch.2 Managerial Level decision makers are _________ managers

A

Functional

  • Monitor and control operational-level activities
  • –Focus: effectively utilizing and deploying resources
  • –Goal: achieving strategic objectives
50
Q

Ch.2 What type of decisions do Managerial level decision makers make

A

Semi-structured, Moderately complex, Time horizon of few days to few months

51
Q

Ch.2 Who are Executive Level decision makers

A

President, CEO, Vice presidents, Board of directors

52
Q

Ch.2 What type of decisions do Executive Level decision makers make

A

Unstructured, Long-term strategic issues, complex and non-routine problems - long-term ramifications

53
Q

Ch.2 What are three major IS tasks: business value added

A

Automating: Doing things faster
Organizational Learning: Doing things better
Supporting Strategy: Doing things smarter

54
Q

Ch.2 International Strategies in a digital world
The number of exclusively domestic companies is shrinking
What are 4 types of international business strategies?

A

Home replication strategy, multi-domestic strategy, global strategy, trans-national strategy

55
Q

Ch.2 Define Home replication strategy

A

International business as an extension of home business

56
Q

Ch.2 What are strengths/weaknesses of home replication strategy

A

Strengths: focus on core competencies in home market
weakness: inability to react to local market conditions

57
Q

Ch.2 What is the appropriate use of a home replication strategy

A

Homogeneous markets

58
Q

Ch.2 Define global business strategy

A

Centralized organization with standard offering across markets

59
Q

Ch.2 What are strengths/weaknesses of Global business strategy

A

Strengths: standard products allow economies of scale
Weakness: inability to react to local market conditions

60
Q

Ch.2 What is the appropriate use of global business strategy

A

homogeneous markets

61
Q

Ch.2 What is multi domestic business strategy

A

federation of associated business units; decentralized

62
Q

Ch.2 What are the strengths/weaknesses of multi domestic business strategy

A

strengths: quickly react to local conditions

Weakness; differing products limit economies of scale; limited inter-unit communication limits knowledge sharing

63
Q

Ch.2 What is the appropriate us of multidomestic business strategy

A

very heterogeneous markets

64
Q

Ch.2 What is trans-national business strategy

A

some aspects centralized, others decentralized, integrated network

65
Q

Ch2. What are strengths/weaknesses of trans-national business strategy

A

Strengths: achieve benefits of multi domestic and global strategys
Weakness: difficult to manage; very complex

66
Q

Ch.2 What is the appropriate use of trans-national business strategy

A

integrated global markets

67
Q

Ch.2 Successful Innovation is ___________

A

Difficult

68
Q

Ch.2 Innovation is often _______ and the advantages gained are often ___________

A

Innovation is often fleeting and the advantages gained are often short lived

69
Q

Ch.2 Innovation is often _______ and sometimes even superior products can lose the race.

A

Innovation is often risky and the advantages gained are often ___________

70
Q

Ch.2 Innovation choices are often difficult, foreseeing the future is ____ _______ _________.

A

Ch.2 Innovation choices are often difficult, foreseeing the future is not always possible

71
Q

Ch.2 The Innovator’s dilemma

Define disruptive innovations

A

new technologies, products or services that eventually surpass dominant technologies

72
Q

Ch.3 The IS infrastructure enables _____, ______, and _______ of data

A

The IS infrastructure enables processing, storage, and transmitting of data

73
Q

Ch.3 What is the Central Processing Unit (CPU)

A

A microprocessor, processor, chip, it is the main component of a computer

74
Q

Ch.3 What are the two types of storage

A

Primary storage - Random Access Memory (RAM) - temporary/volatile
Secondary Storage - Hard Drive/Optical Disk/ Flash Drive-(Permanent/nonvolatile)

75
Q

Ch.3 What are programs

A

Set of instructions

76
Q

Ch.3 What are the two types of programs

A

System software/operating system and application software

77
Q

Ch.3 Define system software/operating system

A

Collection of programs that control the basic operations of computer hardware

78
Q

Ch.3 What does one use application software for

A

Performing specific user tasks: writing a business letter, processing payroll, manage a stock portfolio, ext.

79
Q

Ch.3 What are the 5 types of computers

A

Supercomputer - expensive, powerful, assists in solving massive scientific problems
Mainframe - very large, for governmental agencies or major corporations
Server - a computer on a network for file sharing, printing, and other services
Workstation - desktop computer, more powerful than microcomputer, used for visualization and rendering 3D models
Microcomputer - used for personal computing, small business computing

80
Q

Ch.3 What is data and knowledge infrastructure

A

data stored for operational, backup, or archival purposes

81
Q

Ch.3 Data and Knowledge Infrastructure are the ____ ________ assets an organization has.

A

Data and Knowledge Infrastructure are the MOST IMPORTANT assets an organization has.

82
Q

Ch.3 What are databases

A

Collections of related data organized in a way that facilitates data searches

83
Q

Ch.3 Define Database management system

A

program that allows organizations to more easily retrieve, store, and analyze information

84
Q

Ch.3 What are the four components of communication

A
  • Senders and receivers with something to share
  • a transmission medium (cable, wireless) to send the message
  • protocols (rules) dictating communication
  • Network
85
Q

Ch.3 Define Bandwidth

A

Computer communication, transmission capacity, measured in bits per second (bps)

86
Q

Ch.3 What is www

A

world wide web

87
Q

Ch.3 What is a web browser

A

software application used to locate and display web pages (Internet Explorer, Firefox, Google Chrome)

88
Q

Ch.3 Define .com

A

commercial organizations

89
Q

Ch.3 The ______ is a metaphor for the internet

A

cloud

90
Q

Ch.11 What is Primary storage

A

temporary storage of the data and programs currently in use

91
Q

Ch.11 What is Operating systems common tasks

A

booting (starting) computer, reading/managing programs, manage file location, formatting disks, controlling computer monitor, sending docs to printer

92
Q

Ch.11 What are compilers

A

compilers are software to translate programming languages into machine code. Must be tested many, many times.

93
Q

Ch.4 What is Electronic Commerce

A

Online exchange of goods, services, and money

94
Q

Ch.4 What are the four most common types of E-Commerce (electronic commerce)

A

Business-to-consumer (B2C)
Business-to-business (B2B)
Business-to-employee (B2E)
Consumer to consumer (C2C)

95
Q

Ch.4 What is information dissemination

A

firms across the world have access to customers

96
Q

Ch.4 What is brick-and-mortar business strategy

A

physical locations only, no electronic commerce - limited geographical reach

97
Q

Ch.4 What is the click-and-mortar business strategy

A

hybrid strategy, both online and physical locations

98
Q

Ch.4 What is the Click Only business strategy

A

online only, amazon.com

99
Q

Ch.4 What is extranet

A

a private part of the internet

100
Q

Ch.4 What is EDI - Electronic Data Interchange

A

computer-computer communication (without human intervention) following standards

101
Q

Ch.5 what is web 2.o

A

Dynamic web applications that allow people to collaborate and share information online Ex. Articles online

102
Q

Ch.5 4 enhancements of communication with web 2.o

A

blogs, social presence, instant messaging, virtual worlds

103
Q

Ch.5 What is Microsoft SharePoint

A

a document management platform

104
Q

Ch.5 Using everyday people to outsource work is ____-______ ____ (_________)

A

Using everyday people to outsource work is Human-based computing (Crowdsourcing)

105
Q

Ch.5 What is Microsoft SharePoint

A

a document management platform

106
Q

Ch.5 Using everyday people to outsource work is ____-______ ____ (_________)

A

Using everyday people to outsource work is Human-based computing (Crowdsourcing)

Computer Information Systems (2 decks)

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