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Computer Information Systems > Midterm - study guide, powerpoint > Flashcards

Midterm - study guide, powerpoint Flashcards

(106 cards)

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1
Q

Ch1. Knowledge workers are professionals who ________.

A

create, modify, and/or synthesize knowledge as a fundamental part of their jobs

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2
Q

Ch1. What is an example of outsourcing?

A

Microsoft hands over its customer service function to Convergys, located in India.

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3
Q

Ch1. What occurred when Alvin Toffler’s “third wave” gained speed?

A

Information became the currency of the realm.

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4
Q

Ch1. The type of Web sites that are designed to allow users to participate by adding, or editing content are called ________?

A

Web 2.0

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5
Q

Ch1. Outsourcing has seen a huge increase because of the ________.

A

decrease in telecommunication costs

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6
Q

Ch2. At the ________ level of a firm, the routine, day-to-day business processes and interactions with customers occur.

A

operational

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7
Q

Ch2. ________ are new technologies, products, or services that eventually surpass the existing dominant technology or product in a market.

A

Disruptive innovations

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8
Q

Ch2. Ben White is the manager of a retail store. His work typically includes the routine, day-to-day interactions with customers and, once in a while, solving a customer’s problem or dealing with a dissatisfied customer. Additionally, he has to keep track of inventory and issue an order for additional inventory with levels below a specified level. Ben is a(n) ________ level manager.

A

operational

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9
Q

Ch2. Managers in the ________ level are referred to as “executives.

A

strategic

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10
Q

Ch2. What is a disadvantage of firms that pursue a global strategy?

A

inability to react quickly to local challenges and opportunities

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11
Q

Ch3. A(n) ________ is also referred to as the computer’s brain.

A

central processing unit

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12
Q

Ch3. The most widely used operating system in larg businesses is which of the following?

A

Windows 7

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13
Q

Ch3. ________ is a term that refers to the transmission capacity of a computer or communications channel.

A

Bandwidth

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14
Q

Ch3. Packets are used on the Internet to __________

A

Deliver data and information across networks.

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15
Q

Ch3. Software that organizes, manages, and processes business data, such as data concerned with inventory, customers, and vendors, is called:

A

Application software

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16
Q

Ch11. Entering a large number of separate forms or documents into a computer system and manipulating this data at a single time is referred to as ________.

A

batch processing

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17
Q

Ch11. In a database table, a cell contains which of the following?

A

A measure of an attribute of an entity

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18
Q

Ch11. Which of the following types of ports is used to connect flash drives to computers?

A

USB port

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19
Q

Ch11. Which of the following is an operating system designed for mobile devices and developed by Google?

A

Android

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20
Q

Ch11. ________ languages use functional design elements which combine properties and behaviors to define the relevant system components, such as buttons on screens

A

Object-oriented

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21
Q

Ch4. A form of electronic commerce which is used to conduct business with business partners such as suppliers and intermediaries is called ________ electronic commerce

A

business-to-business

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22
Q

Ch4. What is an example of consumer-to-consumer electronic commerce?

A

Marty buys Lobsang’s mountaineering equipment on eBay.com

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23
Q

Ch4. Which of the following is an example of disintermediation?

A

OakTeak, a furniture manufacturing firm, started selling directly to its customers after it experienced a dip in sales due to channel conflicts between retailers.

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24
Q

Ch4. In the context of B2B supply chain management, ________ can be defined as access points through which a business partner accesses secured, proprietary information from an organization

A

portals

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25
Ch4. Companies following a ________ business strategy choose to operate solely in the traditional physical markets.
brick-and-mortar
26
Ch5. What is a basic concept associated with Web 2.0?
shift in users' role from the passive consumer of content to its creator
27
Ch5. _______ is a phenomenon where companies use everyday people as a cheap labor force.
Crowdsourcing
28
Ch5. A major benefit of social software is the potential ability to harness the "wisdom of crowds," which is also referred to as ________
collective intelligence
29
Ch5. Which of the following facilitates real-time written conversations?
instant messaging
30
Ch5. What is a factor that differentiates asynchronous communication from synchronous communication?
coordination in time
31
Ch.1 Define the first wave of change
A civilization based on agriculture and handwork Relatively primitive stage Lasted thousands of years
32
Ch.1 Define the second wave of change
The industrial revolution Began at the end of the 18th century and lasted about 150 years
33
Ch.1 Describe the second wave of change
The information age Information becomes the currency
34
Ch.1 Define the knowledge worker
An individual who is relatively well educated who creates, modifies, and/or synthesizes knowledge and fundamental part of a job
35
Ch.1 Describe the digital divide
those with access to information technology have great advantages over those without access
36
Ch.1 What is economic changes
Increases in international trade, development of global financial systems and currency, and outsourcing of labor
37
Ch.1 What is cultural changes
Increased multiculturalism through TV and movies; international travel and immigration; ethnic foods; facebook, FarmVille, Twitter, and YouTube
38
Ch.1 What is Technological Changes
Low-cost computing platforms and communication technologies; email, skype, and instant messaging; low-cost global telecommunications infrastructure; global patent and copyright enforcement
39
Ch.1 Define Information Systems (5)
Combination of five key elements; People, Hardware, Software, Data, Telecommunications networks
40
Ch.1 What is data
raw, unformatted information
41
Ch.1 What is information
data that is transformed to have a meaning
42
Ch.1 What is hardware
CPU, disk drives, monitors, keyboards, ext
43
Ch.1 What is Software
provide hardware with processing instructions
44
What is telecommunications networks
allow computers to share information and services
45
Ch.1 Organizations use information systems to... (4)
* be more productive and profitable * gain competitive advantage * reach more customers * improve service to their customers
46
Ch.2 What are the three levels of Decision Making of an organization
Executive Level, Managerial Level, Operational Level
47
Ch.2 Describe the Operational Level of decision-making
Day to day business processes, interactions with customers
48
Ch.2 What types of decisions do Operational Level of decision makers make
structured, recurring, can often be automated using IS
49
Ch.2 Managerial Level decision makers are _________ managers
Functional - Monitor and control operational-level activities - --Focus: effectively utilizing and deploying resources - --Goal: achieving strategic objectives
50
Ch.2 What type of decisions do Managerial level decision makers make
Semi-structured, Moderately complex, Time horizon of few days to few months
51
Ch.2 Who are Executive Level decision makers
President, CEO, Vice presidents, Board of directors
52
Ch.2 What type of decisions do Executive Level decision makers make
Unstructured, Long-term strategic issues, complex and non-routine problems - long-term ramifications
53
Ch.2 What are three major IS tasks: business value added
Automating: Doing things faster Organizational Learning: Doing things better Supporting Strategy: Doing things smarter
54
Ch.2 International Strategies in a digital world The number of exclusively domestic companies is shrinking What are 4 types of international business strategies?
Home replication strategy, multi-domestic strategy, global strategy, trans-national strategy
55
Ch.2 Define Home replication strategy
International business as an extension of home business
56
Ch.2 What are strengths/weaknesses of home replication strategy
Strengths: focus on core competencies in home market weakness: inability to react to local market conditions
57
Ch.2 What is the appropriate use of a home replication strategy
Homogeneous markets
58
Ch.2 Define global business strategy
Centralized organization with standard offering across markets
59
Ch.2 What are strengths/weaknesses of Global business strategy
Strengths: standard products allow economies of scale Weakness: inability to react to local market conditions
60
Ch.2 What is the appropriate use of global business strategy
homogeneous markets
61
Ch.2 What is multi domestic business strategy
federation of associated business units; decentralized
62
Ch.2 What are the strengths/weaknesses of multi domestic business strategy
strengths: quickly react to local conditions | Weakness; differing products limit economies of scale; limited inter-unit communication limits knowledge sharing
63
Ch.2 What is the appropriate us of multidomestic business strategy
very heterogeneous markets
64
Ch.2 What is trans-national business strategy
some aspects centralized, others decentralized, integrated network
65
Ch2. What are strengths/weaknesses of trans-national business strategy
Strengths: achieve benefits of multi domestic and global strategys Weakness: difficult to manage; very complex
66
Ch.2 What is the appropriate use of trans-national business strategy
integrated global markets
67
Ch.2 Successful Innovation is ___________
Difficult
68
Ch.2 Innovation is often _______ and the advantages gained are often ___________
Innovation is often fleeting and the advantages gained are often short lived
69
Ch.2 Innovation is often _______ and sometimes even superior products can lose the race.
Innovation is often risky and the advantages gained are often ___________
70
Ch.2 Innovation choices are often difficult, foreseeing the future is ____ _______ _________.
Ch.2 Innovation choices are often difficult, foreseeing the future is not always possible
71
Ch.2 The Innovator's dilemma | Define disruptive innovations
new technologies, products or services that eventually surpass dominant technologies
72
Ch.3 The IS infrastructure enables _____, ______, and _______ of data
The IS infrastructure enables processing, storage, and transmitting of data
73
Ch.3 What is the Central Processing Unit (CPU)
A microprocessor, processor, chip, it is the main component of a computer
74
Ch.3 What are the two types of storage
Primary storage - Random Access Memory (RAM) - temporary/volatile Secondary Storage - Hard Drive/Optical Disk/ Flash Drive-(Permanent/nonvolatile)
75
Ch.3 What are programs
Set of instructions
76
Ch.3 What are the two types of programs
System software/operating system and application software
77
Ch.3 Define system software/operating system
Collection of programs that control the basic operations of computer hardware
78
Ch.3 What does one use application software for
Performing specific user tasks: writing a business letter, processing payroll, manage a stock portfolio, ext.
79
Ch.3 What are the 5 types of computers
Supercomputer - expensive, powerful, assists in solving massive scientific problems Mainframe - very large, for governmental agencies or major corporations Server - a computer on a network for file sharing, printing, and other services Workstation - desktop computer, more powerful than microcomputer, used for visualization and rendering 3D models Microcomputer - used for personal computing, small business computing
80
Ch.3 What is data and knowledge infrastructure
data stored for operational, backup, or archival purposes
81
Ch.3 Data and Knowledge Infrastructure are the ____ ________ assets an organization has.
Data and Knowledge Infrastructure are the MOST IMPORTANT assets an organization has.
82
Ch.3 What are databases
Collections of related data organized in a way that facilitates data searches
83
Ch.3 Define Database management system
program that allows organizations to more easily retrieve, store, and analyze information
84
Ch.3 What are the four components of communication
* Senders and receivers with something to share * a transmission medium (cable, wireless) to send the message * protocols (rules) dictating communication * Network
85
Ch.3 Define Bandwidth
Computer communication, transmission capacity, measured in bits per second (bps)
86
Ch.3 What is www
world wide web
87
Ch.3 What is a web browser
software application used to locate and display web pages (Internet Explorer, Firefox, Google Chrome)
88
Ch.3 Define .com
commercial organizations
89
Ch.3 The ______ is a metaphor for the internet
cloud
90
Ch.11 What is Primary storage
temporary storage of the data and programs currently in use
91
Ch.11 What is Operating systems common tasks
booting (starting) computer, reading/managing programs, manage file location, formatting disks, controlling computer monitor, sending docs to printer
92
Ch.11 What are compilers
compilers are software to translate programming languages into machine code. Must be tested many, many times.
93
Ch.4 What is Electronic Commerce
Online exchange of goods, services, and money
94
Ch.4 What are the four most common types of E-Commerce (electronic commerce)
Business-to-consumer (B2C) Business-to-business (B2B) Business-to-employee (B2E) Consumer to consumer (C2C)
95
Ch.4 What is information dissemination
firms across the world have access to customers
96
Ch.4 What is brick-and-mortar business strategy
physical locations only, no electronic commerce - limited geographical reach
97
Ch.4 What is the click-and-mortar business strategy
hybrid strategy, both online and physical locations
98
Ch.4 What is the Click Only business strategy
online only, amazon.com
99
Ch.4 What is extranet
a private part of the internet
100
Ch.4 What is EDI - Electronic Data Interchange
computer-computer communication (without human intervention) following standards
101
Ch.5 what is web 2.o
Dynamic web applications that allow people to collaborate and share information online Ex. Articles online
102
Ch.5 4 enhancements of communication with web 2.o
blogs, social presence, instant messaging, virtual worlds
103
Ch.5 What is Microsoft SharePoint
a document management platform
104
Ch.5 Using everyday people to outsource work is ____-______ ____ (_________)
Using everyday people to outsource work is Human-based computing (Crowdsourcing)
105
Ch.5 What is Microsoft SharePoint
a document management platform
106
Ch.5 Using everyday people to outsource work is ____-______ ____ (_________)
Using everyday people to outsource work is Human-based computing (Crowdsourcing)

Computer Information Systems (2 decks)

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