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Medical English > Midterm- Semester Closing Exams (Musculoskeletal System and more) > Flashcards

Midterm- Semester Closing Exams (Musculoskeletal System and more) Flashcards

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Proverbs and Idioms flashcards USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

epithelial tissue

A

covers and protects body structures and lines organs, vessels, and cavities

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2
Q

connective tissue

A

supports and binds body structures. contains fibers and non-living material between the cells

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3
Q

muscle tissue

A

contracts to produce movement

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4
Q

nervous tissue

A

makes up the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. coordinates and controls body responses by electrical impulses

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5
Q

homeostasis

A

maintenance of body’s internal equilibrium

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6
Q

binding

A

a number of things that have been tied together

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7
Q

tensile

A

resistant to stress, especially being stretched

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8
Q

anastomosing

A

to join directly or indirectly

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9
Q

debris

A

waste, by-product

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10
Q

delicate

A

small, weak, fragile

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11
Q

resilient

A

tough, lasting

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12
Q

lobule

A

a small roundish project, division of an organ

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13
Q

sheath

A

an enveloping tubular structure such as the tissue that encloses a muscle or nerve fibre

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14
Q

septa

A

thin partitions or membranes dividing cavities, soft masses of tissue in organisms

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15
Q

firm

A

not moving

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16
Q

hypoglycemia

A

little to no glucose in the blood

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17
Q

what is blood flow measured in?

A

L/Min

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18
Q

what does leukocyte mean?

A

white blood cell

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19
Q

Suffix meaning excess of something

A

-osis

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20
Q

What do palmar and plantar mean?

A

Palm of the hand, and sole of the foot

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21
Q

What is an endoscopy?

A

procedure where an endoscope (flexible tube with a camera attached) is inserted into a natural orifice for examination

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22
Q

What is a radiography?

A

examination involved with exposing part of the body to a small dose of radiation to produce an image of the internal organs

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23
Q

What is a CT?

A

CAT Scan, x-rays. Computerized tomography

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24
Q

What is an MRI?

A

test using a magnetic field and pulses of radio wave energy to make pictures or organs and internal body structures

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25
Q

What is an ultrasound?

A

examination using high-frequency sound waves to view organs and structures inside the body

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26
Q

What is an electrocardioGRAM?

A

Tracing or drawing produced by an electrocardiograph

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27
Q

What is a plane

A

an imaginary flat surface that divides the body into sections

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28
Q

What is an orbit?

A

the bony cavities of the eye

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29
Q

What is an incision?

A

surgical cuts

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30
Q

What is a shaft?

A

the long or straight part of something

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31
Q

Define orifice

A

Openings

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32
Q

What is a blockage

A

An obstruction

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33
Q

Excision

A

to cut out surgically

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34
Q

Clot

A

accumulation of blood, blocks/coagulated mass of blood

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35
Q

Malignant

A

Tending to produce death

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36
Q

Interventional procedure

A

interfering with the outcome or course of a condition/ process to prevent harm or improve functioning

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37
Q

Oncology

A

the study of tumors

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38
Q

Non-invasive

A

not involving entry into the human body

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39
Q

Obese

A

having excessive amounts of body fat

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40
Q

Ischemia

A

Deficient supply of blood to an area that is due to obstruction of an artery

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41
Q

Hypertrophy

A

Excessive growth of an organ

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42
Q

Aetiology

A

the cause of a disease

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43
Q

Pathogenesis

A

sequence of events in disease development

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44
Q

Predisposing factors

A

pre-existing pathological/physiological states that put you at increased risk of developing a disease

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45
Q

symptoms

A

abnormalities or subjective complaints by the patient

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46
Q

Physical signs

A

abnormalities found upon clinical examination

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47
Q

Diagnosis

A

opinion based on evidence of a disease

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48
Q

Prognosis

A

prediction of the likely outcome of any disease

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49
Q

Morbidity

A

reflects ill-health, incapacity or sickness associated with non-fatal disease

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50
Q

Mortality

A

related deaths from disease

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51
Q

Lesions

A

pathological structural abnormalities

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52
Q

Acute

A

disease that is expected to run it’s course over a short period of time

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53
Q

Chronic

A

disease may take long periods of time to run it’s course

54
Q

Systemic

A

disease involving many systems in the body

55
Q

Remission

A

symptoms and signs of disease disappear, patient is feeling better

56
Q

Relapse

A

Return of tissue injury or disease; symptoms reappear

57
Q

Exacerbation

A

a worsening

58
Q

Head

A

Cranium

59
Q

Face on skull

A

Facial bones

60
Q

Jaw

A

Mandible

61
Q

Collar bone

A

Clavicle

62
Q

Shoulder blade

A

Scapula

63
Q

Breast bone

A

Sternum

64
Q

upper bone of the arm

A

Humerus

65
Q

Lower inner bone of the arm

A

ulna

66
Q

Lower outer bone of the arm

A

Radius

67
Q

Bones that make up the wrist, hand, fingers

A

Carpals, metacarpals, phalanges

68
Q

Bones that make up the ankle, foot and toes

A

Tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges

69
Q

Bone of the thigh

A

Femur

70
Q

Bones that make up the calf

A

(bigger) tibia (smaller) fibula

71
Q

Bone of the heel of foot

A

calcaneus

72
Q

Combining form of cranium

A

Cranio-

73
Q

Combining form of vertebral

A

Vertebro-

74
Q

Combining form of sternum

A

sterno-

75
Q

Combining form of ribs

A

costo-

76
Q

Combining form of illium

A

ilio-

77
Q

Combining form of ischium

A

ischio-

78
Q

Combining form of femur

A

femoro-

79
Q

Combining form of patella

A

patello-

80
Q

bone of knee

A

patella

81
Q

Combining form of tibia

A

tibio-

82
Q

Combining form of fibula

A

fibulo-

83
Q

Combining form of tarsals

A

tarso-

84
Q

Combining form of phalange

A

phalango-

85
Q

Combining form of clavicle

A

claviculo-

86
Q

Combining form of scapula

A

Scapulo-

87
Q

Combining form of humerus

A

humero-

88
Q

Combining form of ulna

A

ulno-

89
Q

Combining form of radius

A

radio-

90
Q

Combining form of carpal

A

carpo-

91
Q

Foramen

A

Hole through bone where blood vessels and nerves pass

92
Q

Fossa

A

A hollow place ,pit, cavity or depression

93
Q

Meatus

A

Tube shaped opening

94
Q

Sulcus

A

groove, trench, furrow, or depression

95
Q

Process

A

projection large enough to be grasped with fingers

96
Q

Condyle

A

rounded, knuckle-like projection

97
Q

Crest

A

A ridge

98
Q

Protuberance

A

swelling-like area on a bone, can be felt

99
Q

Ramus

A

Small projection off a larger structure (branch-like)

100
Q

Girdle

A

belt

101
Q

-itis

A

Inflammation

102
Q

-plasty

A

repair

103
Q

-ectomy

A

removal, excision

104
Q

-algia, -dynia

A

pain

105
Q

-tomy

A

incision, to make a cut

106
Q

-malacia

A

softening

107
Q

Word for “repair of the cranium”

A

Cranioplasty

108
Q

Word for “removal of a part of the cranium”

A

crani-ectomy

109
Q

Word for “inflammation of the vertebrae”

A

Spondylitis

110
Q

Word for “pain in the vertebrae”

A

Spondylalgia

111
Q

Word for “incision in a rib”

A

Costotomy

112
Q

The hip is made up of

A

the ilium, pubis, ischium

113
Q

The thigh is made up of

A

the femur and patella

114
Q

The leg/calf is made up of

A

the patella, tibia, and fibula

115
Q

The foot is made up of

A

tarsals, metatarsals and phalanges

116
Q

The shoulder is made up of

A

the clavicle, scapula (together called the shoulder girdle)

117
Q

The upper arm is made up of

A

the humerus

118
Q

Forearm is made up of

A

the radius and ulna

119
Q

The hand is made up of

A

the carpals, metacarpals and phalanges

120
Q

The carpals make up the _______

A

wrist

121
Q

The metacarpals make up the ______/__________

A

palm/ dorsum

122
Q

The phalanges make up the _______ (hand)

A

fingers

123
Q

Meaning of diarthrodial/synovial

A

freely moveable

124
Q

Meaning of amphiarthrodial

A

slightly moveable

125
Q

Meaning of synarthrodial

A

not movable

126
Q

Define bursa

A

Fluid-filled fibrous sac, acts as a cushion to help movement and avoid friction

127
Q

What is an orthopedist?

A

physician who treats injuries to the skeletal system or associated muscles, tendons and ligaments

128
Q

What is a rheumatologist?

A

physician who treats/diagnoses rheumatic diseases (joints, tendons, muscles, bones, nerves)

129
Q

What is a podiatrist?

A

Physician who treats/diagnoses disorders of the foot, ankle and lower extremity

130
Q

What is a chiropractor?

A

physician focused on the diagnosis and treatment of neuromuscular disorders with an emphasis on treatment through manual manipulation

Medical English (4 decks)

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