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Medical English > Midterm Review > Flashcards

Midterm Review Flashcards

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Proverbs and Idioms flashcards USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

viscera

A

soft internal organs

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2
Q

-tomy

A

incision

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3
Q

body cavities

A

dorsal, ventral, spinal, cranial, thoracic, abdominal, abdominopelvic, pelvic cavitiy

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4
Q

glycosuria

A

glucose in the urine

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5
Q

hyperglycemia

A

excessive glucose in the blood

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6
Q

polydipsia

A

excessive thirst

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7
Q

polyuria

A

excessive urine

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8
Q

anoxia

A

diseased condition- marked by a lack of oxygen

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9
Q

saturation

A

state of solution with highest possible concentration of the dissolved material at a given pressure and temperature

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10
Q

cardiac output

A

volume of blood ejected from the left side of the heart in one minute

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11
Q

expire

A

to breathe out

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12
Q

incubation

A

the phase in development of an infection between the time a pathogen enters the body and the time the first symptoms appear

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13
Q

anemia

A

shortage of red bloods cells

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14
Q

ciliary muscle

A

changes the shape of the lens

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15
Q

iris

A

membrane of the eye

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16
Q

cornea

A

continuous with sclera, anterior part that covers the iris and the pupil

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17
Q

lens

A

biconvex body of eye, focus light rays to form image on retina

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18
Q

aqueous humor

A

watery substance

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19
Q

conjunctiva

A

mucous membrane, covers eyeball and lines inner eyelid

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20
Q

fatty tissue

A

shock absorber, between eyeball and orbit

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21
Q

orbit

A

bony cavity that the eye sits in

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22
Q

virtreous humor

A

jelly-like substance

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23
Q

retina

A

light sensitive layer in the eye

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24
Q

choroid

A

vascular middle layer

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25
Q

sclera

A

the white of the eye (continuous with cornea)

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26
Q

membrane

A

internal lining in organisms

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27
Q

“The superior part of the duodenum is related posteriorly to the pancreas means that _______?”

A

The pancreas is behind the superior part of the duodenum

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28
Q

What does caudal mean

A

towards the lower end of the spine

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29
Q

word that means situated behind the breastbone….

A

retrosternal

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30
Q

waste ______ is a function of the kidneys

A

excretion

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31
Q

describes best the division of a soft organ

A

lobe

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32
Q

medulla

A

distinguishable inner region of an organ

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33
Q

hematopoiesis means

A

formation of blood cells

34
Q

thin fluid-filled space between the two layers of the membrane covering the lungs is the _______ space

A

pleural

35
Q

“expansion” means

A

dilation

36
Q

left ventricle in the heart ejects blood into the

A

aorta

37
Q

what organ is at the distal end of the esophagus

A

the stomach

38
Q

A v-shaped indentation either in the lesser curvature of the stomach or in any bone is known as

A

a notch

39
Q

the choroid ______ the retina

A

is lined with

40
Q

the heart’s natural pacemaker

A

the SA node

41
Q

after the gas exchange, blood returns to the heart via the _____ as oxygenated blood

A

pulmonary veins

42
Q

the conjunctiva covers the

A

cornea

43
Q

renal means

A

kidney

44
Q

the outer region of any organ or tissue when it is distinguishable from the inner region is referred to as the _______

A

cortex

45
Q

the liver is posterioinferiorly related to the transverse colon, means that

A

the transverse colon is anterosuperiorly related to the liver

46
Q

prefix meaning between

A

inter-

47
Q

intra-

A

within

48
Q

another name for the _______ is interpleural space

A

mediastinum

49
Q

what are the upper chambers of the heart?

A

left and right atria

50
Q

what are the lower chambers called?

A

left and right ventricles

51
Q

what separates the chambers?

A

the septum

52
Q

what is the largest and strongest chamber?

A

the left ventricle

53
Q

what makes up the semilunar valve?

A

pulmonary and aortic valves

54
Q

meaning of hepatodynia

A

pain of the liver

55
Q

what are leukocytes

A

white blood cells

56
Q

what is a condyle

A

knuckle-like projection

57
Q

peri-

A

around

58
Q

epi-

A

upon, over

59
Q

sub-

A

under, below

60
Q

cephalic region

A

head

61
Q

cervical region

A

neck

62
Q

sternal region

A

around the breastbone

63
Q

scapular region

A

shoulder blade

64
Q

sacral region

A

lower medial back

65
Q

inguinal region

A

groin area

66
Q

calyx

A

cup-like structure

67
Q

cortex

A

outer layer of internal organ, when distinguishable from inner

68
Q

hilus

A

concave surface of an organ through which blood vessels and nerves pass

69
Q

pelvis

A

basin anatomical cavity

70
Q

secrete

A

produce and discharge

71
Q

excrete

A

separate and expel as waste

72
Q

functions of the spleen

A

blood filter, antibody formation, red cell removal and destruction

73
Q

functions of the liver

A

bile secretion, protein synthesis, waste excretion

74
Q

ovum

A

mature egg

75
Q

zygote

A

cell made by fusion of the egg and sperm

76
Q

morula

A

a cell cluster formed by zygote through division

77
Q

blastocyst

A

morula with a cavity

78
Q

endometrium

A

lining of the uterus

79
Q

placenta

A

membranous vascular organ, permits metabolic interchange between mother and fetus

80
Q

yolk sac

A

membranous sac attached to embryo

81
Q

embryo

A

up to 8th week

82
Q

fetus

A

from 9th week

Medical English (4 decks)

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