Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

aud > midterm review (quiz 1, 2 and study guide) > Flashcards

midterm review (quiz 1, 2 and study guide) Flashcards

1
Q

What degree does an audiologist need in order to practice Audiology (Since 2007)?

A

Doctorate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

_____________________________ often works for organizations that create and sell hearing devices or technologies, such as hearing aid manufacturers.

A

Corporate Aud

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

In order to obtain a license to practice audiology, you must pass the National Examination in Audiology (Praxis) (T/F)

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

_____________________________ is when there is a region of increased pressure and sound travels outward.

A

Condensation/Compression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

_____________________________ is when the is slight decrease in pressure and sound travels inward.

A

Rarefraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the FOUR properties of sound?

A

Intensity, frequency, phase, and spectrum.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Human hearing in young adults ranges from 20 to 20,000 Hz. (T/F)

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Differential Sensitivity

A

pertains to the capacity of the auditory system to detect differences or changes in intensity, frequency, or some other dimension of a sound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Hearing Sensitivity

A

most commonly refers to absolute sensitivity to hear faint sound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Hearing Acuity

A

most accurately refers to the differential sensitivity, usually to the ability to detect differences in signals in the frequency domain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Absolute Sensitivity

A

pertains to the capacity of the auditory system to detect faint sound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

_________________________ is the smallest difference that can be detected between two signals that vary in some physical dimension.

A

Difference limen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Ossicles (what part of ear?)

A

Middle Ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Cochlea (what part of ear?)

A

Inner Ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

External Auditory Meatus (what part of ear?)

A

Outer Ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Eustachian Tube (what part of ear?)

A

Middle Ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Auricle/Pinna (what part of ear?)

A

Outer Ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Semicircular Canals (what part of ear?)

A

Inner Ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The impendence mismatch INCREASES the transmission of sound. The tympanic membrane and the ossicles function to overcome the mismatch of impedances between air and the cochlear fluids, and thus the middle ear serves as a transformer, or impedance matching device. (T/F)

A

False; DECREASES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What does it mean when we describe the cochlea as being “tonotopically organized”?

A

High-frequency sounds stimulate the base of the cochlea while low-frequency sounds stimulate at the apex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Scala tympani

A

the lower, perilymph-filled, bony passage of the cochlea, also referred to as the tympanic ramp.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Scala vestibuli

A

also referred to as the vestibular ramp, it is the upper, perilymph-filled, bony passage of the cochlea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Scala Media

A

Also referred to as the cochlear duct, containing endolymph, it is the central duct of the cochlea. The cilia of the hair cells project into this spirally formed structure in the bony canal of the canal of the cochlea.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Explain THREE differences between outer and inner hair cells of the Organ of Corti.

A

The outer and inner hair cells’ cilia differ in their location. The cilia in outer hair cells are embedded in the tectorial membrane, while the cilia in inner hair cells are in proximity to the tectorial membrane.

Outer hair cells are innervated by efferent fibers, while inner hair cells are innervated by afferent fibers in the nervous system.

In the cochlea, there are about 13,000 outer hair cells, but inner hair cells have about 3,500.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

The MAIN NUCLEI involved in the primary auditory pathway of the central auditory nervous system are:

A

cochlear nucleus, superior olivary complex, inferior colliculus, and medial geniculate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

1 MAJOR MYELINATED PATHWAY involved in the primary auditory pathway of the central auditory nervous system:

A

lateral lemniscus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Utricle

A

structure that primarily detects horizontal acceleration and deceleration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Saccule

A

primarily detects vertical acceleration and deceleration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Semicircular Canals

A

on each side are arranged at right angles to each other and are responsible for detecting angular and rotary head movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Ampullae

A

are located at the entrance to each semicircular canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Cupula

A

Hair cells that project within a gelatinous membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

is simply the examination of the external auditory meatus and the tympanic membrane with an otoscope.

A

Otoscopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Sensorineural Hearing Loss

A

When loss occurs as a result of changes in the cochlea, it is due to a loss in function at the sensory-neural junction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Conductive Hearing Loss

A

When a loss occurs as a result of changes in the outer or middle ear, it is due to a loss in the conduction of sound to the cochlea.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Mixed Hearing loss

A

When a loss occurs as a result of changes in both the outer or middle ear and the cochlea, it will have both a conductive and a sensorineural hearing loss

35
Q

Retrocochlear

A

When a loss occurs as a result of changes to the 8th nerve or auditory brainstem, it will be due to a reduction in neural function.

36
Q

(T/F) Are the following principles of Universal Newborn Screenings True or False:

All infants should undergo hearing screening prior to discharge from the birth hospital and no later than 3 months of age.
Confirmation of the infant’s hearing status should occur no later than 6 months of age
Early intervention services should be offered as soon as possible after diagnosis but no later than 12 months of age

A

False; 1 month of age, 3 months, 6 months

37
Q

Three types of TRANSDUCERS used for audiologic pure tone testing.

A

Earphones, loudspeakers, and bone conduction

38
Q

___________________________________ is the amount of reduction in intensity that occurs as a signal crosses over the head from one ear to the other

A

interaural attenuation

39
Q

________________________________ occurs when the difference between the bone conduction threshold in the test ear and the air conduction threshold in the nontest ear approaches the amount of interaural attenuation.

A

Masking dilemma

40
Q

Degree

A

Provide a metric for the severity of someone’s hearing loss. In an audiogram, for instance, it could be plotted that a person might have minimal, mild, moderate, moderately severe, severe, or profound hearing loss.

41
Q

Type

A

Determines whether the person has conductive, sensorineural, mixed, or retrocochlear hearing loss.

42
Q

Configuration

A

Is the shape of the hearing loss. In an audiogram, it is plotted as flat, rising, and sloping.

43
Q

Stapes

A

the footplate is fitted into the oval window of the cochlear wall

44
Q

malleus (bbg)

A

attached to the tympanic membrane and a head that is attached to the body of the incus

45
Q

Incus

A

attaches to the head of the stapes

46
Q

Eustachian tubes

A

Tubes made of bone and cartilage that run from your middle ears to the back of your nose and throat.

47
Q

Organ of Corti

A

organ of the inner ear contained within the scala media of the cochlea; hair cells located here

48
Q

Degrees of hearing loss: minimal

A

11–25 dB

49
Q

Degrees of hearing loss: mild

A

26–40 dB

50
Q

Degrees of hearing loss: Moderate

A

41–55 dB

51
Q

Degrees of hearing loss: Moderately Severe

A

56–70 dB

52
Q

Degrees of hearing loss: Severe

A

71–90 dB

53
Q

Degrees of hearing loss: Profound

A

more than 90 dB

54
Q

AC (unmasked) in an audiogram

A

O (circle)- right ear
X (equis)- left ear

55
Q

AC (masked) in an audiogram

A

Triangle-right ear
Box- left

56
Q

BC (unmasked) in an audiogram

A

< right ear
> left ear

57
Q

BC (masked) in an audiogram

A

[ right
] left

58
Q

No response (on any)

A

left arrow (right ear)
right arrow (left arrow)

59
Q

Sound field specifc (non-ear specific)

A

S

60
Q

Nystagmus

A

normal, involuntary, repetitive eye movement that occurs during head movement and occurs as a result of
the VOR; the slow drift of the eye in one direction

61
Q

Schwabach test

A

Location-mastoid

If the examiner perceives the
sound LONGER than the patient, the result is consistent with
sensorineural disorder.

If the patient perceives
the sound LONGER than the examiner, the result is consistent
with conductive disorder.

62
Q

Rinne test

A

Location-mastoid and then near ear

If the tone is heard for the SAME duration by air and bone conduction, it is considered a positive ____, consistent with sensorineural disorder.

If the tone is heard for a LONGER duration by bone conduction than by air, it is considered a negative _____, consistent with conductive disorder.

63
Q

Bing test

A

Location-mastoid

If the TONE is perceived to be LOUDER with the ear canal occluded, results are consistent with normal hearing or a sensorineural hearing loss.

If the TONE is NOT perceived to be LOUDER, results are consistent with a conductive hearing loss

64
Q

Weber test

A

Location- center of forehead

If one ear has a conductive hearing loss, the sound will lateralize to that side.

If both ears have a conductive hearing loss, the sound will lateralize to the side with the largest conductive component.

Perception of the sound at midline suggests normal hearing, sensorineural hearing loss, or symmetric conductive loss

65
Q

SRT relationship to pure tone average

A

Should typically agree closely
with the pure tone thresholds
averaged across 500, 1000, and
2000 Hz.

When SRT is lower or higher than the
PTA by 10 dB or more, the examiner
should suspect some degree of non-
organicity.

66
Q

Speech recognition threshold (SRT)

A

the lowest level at which spondee words can be identified

67
Q

How do speech measures contribute to audiologic evaluation?

A

*measurement of threshold for speech
* Cross check of pure tone sensitivity
* quantification of suprathreshold speech recognition ability
* assistance in differential diagnosis
* assessment of auditory processing ability
*estimation of communicative function

68
Q

What needs to be done to obtain an audiology license?

A

include passing a written and practical exam, meeting education requirements and having professional experience.

National Examination of Audiology
State license of Practice AuD

69
Q

Clinical Aud

A

examines patients to diagnose their hearing, balance or ear-related problems. They work with patients of all ages or specialize in a particular group, such as children or elderly individual

70
Q

Pediatric audiologist

A

specializes in treating patients under the age of 21, from infants to teenagers.

71
Q

Educational audiologist

A

provides auditory healthcare services to children, focusing on
how their educational environment supports their needs. They work with school staff and administrators to improve accessibility and develop individualized education
programs (IEP) for students

72
Q

Humanitarian audiologist

A

serves individuals who don’t have
access to health services that support their auditory needs

73
Q

Forensic audiologist

A

specializes in using their expertise for legal purposes

74
Q

Professor (aud profession)

A

works within the education field; provide training to undergraduate and graduate students pursuing degrees in audiology and other clinical fields.

75
Q

Hearing Conservation Audiologist

A

must ensure that any hearing conservation program provides for the identification and evaluation of noise hazards, control and reduction of noise in the workplace, and fitting of and training in the use of personal hearing protective devices

76
Q

Clinical Research Audiologists

A

is consulted as the subject-matter expert to ensure that protocols are
feasible to run. If not, they suggest ways to improve the testing experience for the participant. Manages the day-to-day lab operations while ensuring that recruitment and data collection happens smoothly.

77
Q

Intraoperative Neuromonitoring (MA)

A

requires knowledge in neuroanatomy and neurophysiology, with special emphasis in neurodiagnostic techniques and their intraoperative applications.

78
Q

Military

A

consists of on-the-job learning in various healthcare environments and
through receiving advanced civilian/industry certifications and licenses (credentials),
which may require additional education, training, or experience; they complete a comprehensive training program covering responsibilities,
military structure and etiquette, traditions, the military health system, and leadership
development.

79
Q

Audibility index

A

an estimate can be made of recognition scores for syllables, words, and sentences

80
Q

Nonsense syllables

A

ex. pa, ka, ga
used as a means of assessing a patient’s ability to
discriminate between phonemes

81
Q

Single/monosyllabic words

A

ex. cat, tie
-used extensively in the assessment of
word recognition ability
-we tend to use the CID W 22 or NU-6.

82
Q

Spondaic/spondee word

A

ex.cowboy, hotdog
2 syllable words

83
Q

Cochlea

A

a fluid-filled space within the temporal bone, which resembles the shape of a snail shell

84
Q

inner hair cells are

A

free floating

85
Q

The outer hair cells alter

A

the stiffness of the organ of Corti through a motor protein,
prestin, located on the lateral membrane of these cells

aud (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions