Midterm Review Flashcards
More incisal ridge faceting on labial of mandibular incisors versus lingual of maxillary incisors.
Incisal Wear
What are some variations in mandibular molars cusps?
- Tuberculum intermedium (possilble extra lingual cusp)
- Tuberculum septum (extra cusp [tuburcle] on distal marginal ridge of first molar)
Dentition Traits of all Primary Teeth (Compared to Secondary)
- Smaller than secondary teeth of same name
- Marked cementoenamel junction (CEJ) constriction and cervical crown bulges
- Relatively longer roots compared to crowns
- More wear since there is less mineralized
- Thinner enamel and dentin layers
- Whiter
- Few anamolies
Order of Emergence of Permanent Dentition
- Central incisors
- Lateral incisors
- First Premolars
- Second Premolars
- First molars
- Second molars
- Third molars
Healthy Periodontium Characteristics
- Alveolar bone
- Tooth root surface
- Periodontal ligament (apical, oblique, horizontal, alveolar crest, free gingival, and transseptal fibers [from one tooth to a neighboring tooth]
- Gingiva (free gingiva with sulcus, keratinized)
Pulp horns of anterior teeth
- incisors often have three pulp horns (mesial, central, distal) correlating with three facial lobes and three mamelons
- peg lateral incisors (forming from one lobe) are more likely to have only one pulp horn
- canines have one pulp horn under the one cusp
Pulp chamber and horns in premolars
- one pulp horn per functional cusp; two horns
- mandibular first premolars: functionless lingual cusp may have only one pulp horn
- mandibular second premolars: three cusps, three pulp horns
Root Canal and Orifices of molars
- maxillary molars: three roots and four canals (two in mesiobuccal root), and four orifices in the chamber floor
- mandibular molars: two roots and three canals (two in mesial) and three orifices in the chamber floor
Pulp shape in primary teeth
- similar to adult dentition
- pulp larger than on secondary teeth
- thinner enamel and dentin
- pulp closer to external surface
Why pulp cavities get smaller in older teeth
- deposit of secondary dentin as we age
- new dentin forms as reaction to injury
- calcium hydroxide base can be used to stimulate additional dentin
Anterior Dental Malocclusion
- anterior teeth are in edge-to-edge relationship since the incisal edges of both arches line up
- teeth are in an open-bite relationship since incisal edges of both arches do not touch or overlap vertically when all posterior teeth are in contact
Class II malocclusion, division I
division I may exhibit considerable anterior over jet
-often with all maxillary incisors tipped labially
Class II malocclusion, division II
division II exhibits deep overbite with maxillary central incisors tipped lingually, but lateral incisors tipped labially
Class I caries
pits and fissures occur: occlusal, buccal and lingual surfaces
Class II caries
smooth surface on proximal surfaces, posterior teeth
Class V caries
smooth surface in cervical one-third of facial or lingual surfaces; seen first as demineralization
Class VI caries: location
caries located on cusp tip
Accessory (Extra) roots
most common for canine and premolar is facial and lingual split
mesial and distal split is rare
Amelogenesis imperfecta
faulty enamel formation
abrasion
tooth wear from abrasive products (incorrect tooth brushing with abrasive toothpaste, tobacco chewing)
Mandible
articulating surface of the condyle is strongly convex in anterior posterior direction and only slightly convex mediolaterally
Disc of Joint
meniscus located between temporal bone and mandibular condyle on each side
allows articulation between two bones
completely divides TMJ into two compartments: upper and lower (synovial cavities)
Ligaments Associated with joint
mandible jointed to cranium by TMJ
Ligament
band of fibrous tissue that connects bones
