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Ways of seeing > Midterm review > Flashcards

Midterm review Flashcards

1
Q

Happiness (Happy)

A

community, family, friends, determined 50% by genetics, 10% by job, social status/circumstances, 40% by intentional behaviors

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2
Q

Flow (Happy)

A

when nothing else matters, complete fulfillment, never want the moment to end when you are in the zone and only focused on that activity you are happy

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3
Q

Happiness as a skill or activity (Happy)

A

activities that bring you happiness such as mindfulness, exercise/sports, volunteering

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4
Q

Community (Happy)

A

strong and supportive family and friends

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5
Q

“I make you be happy.”

A

part of Socrates speech when he was defending himself from the charges, Socrates helps the people of Athens move towards happiness through his wisdom

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6
Q

Socrates (Apology)

A

Greek philosopher and his work is only known through what others wrote about him

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7
Q

Plato (Apology)

A

student of Socrates, wrote a series of dialogues that features Socrates and describes Socrates, known for irony

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8
Q

The God’s work (God of Delphi)

A

“no one is wiser than Socrates”, tries to prove God wrong but proves kind of right

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9
Q

Old accusations against Socrates

A

“makes the worse argument the stronger”, sophistry – argue even if they are wrong, charge money for what he was saying but he wasn’t demanding money

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10
Q

New accusations against Socrates

A

blaspheming and corrupting the youth

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11
Q

Wisdom (Apology)

A

Not knowledge or facts, but life experiences; Socrates believes he is the wisest person

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12
Q

Socrates’ project and the greatest good (Apology)

A

encouraging people to attend the state of their soul and seek wisdom and truth; seek excellence 1st over wealth, as ordered by the God

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13
Q

Goods and ends (Nicomachean Ethics)

A

Every craft and every investigation, and likewise every action and decision, seems to aim at some good, hence the good has been well described as that two which everything aims; when the end is a product of the activity the product is the higher good

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14
Q

The highest good (Nicomachean Ethics)

A

would be pursed by itself and not ordered by other goods

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15
Q

Happiness (Nicomachean Ethics)

A

Activity of the soul expressing virtue , “Happiness, then, is apparently something complete and self-sufficient, since it is the end of the things pursued in action.”; “activity of the soul expressing virtue”

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16
Q

The good of human beings (Nicomachean Ethics)

A

functioning as a human beings; human good is the good functioning of the rational soul, or the life of virtue

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17
Q

The human soul (Nicomachean Ethics)

A

parts of the soul, rational(thought), non-rational – responds to reason (apprtites, desires), non-rational – does now respond to reason(biological functions)

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18
Q

Political Science (Nicomachean Ethics)

A

highest of the science (Aristotle)

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19
Q

Ethics (Nicomachean Ethics)

A

less God focused more for society; moral obligations

20
Q

Virtue (Nicomachean Ethics)

A

of thought, deal with rational parts of soul; of character, deal with non-rational part that responds to reason acquired through habituations; defined – a state that decides which is a mean relative to us defined by reason by reason between excess and deficit

21
Q

Pleasure (Nicomachean Ethics)

A

good but not good in itself, do it to be happy

22
Q

External goods (Nicomachean Ethics)

A

(wealth, beauty, honor) can mar or decrease happiness even prevent it, but not grant it (1100a5); (Things can even happen to you after you’re dead that can make you less happy)

23
Q

Moderation (Nicomachean Ethics)

A

things are better in it, not too much or too little

24
Q

Feelings (Nicomachean Ethics)

A

(feeling anger, fear, etc.) not praiseworthy or blameworthy

25
Q

Capacities (Nicomachean Ethics)

A

(capable of anger, fear, etc.) not praiseworthy or blameworthy

26
Q

States (Nicomachean Ethics)

A

(how angry/fearful we are) this is virtue

27
Q

Augustine (Confessions)

A

studied in Carthage for rhetoric at 17 by the generosity of community, taught rhetoric after; turned toward Christianity by his mother and Ambrose of Milan; became a Christian in 367/378, ordained a priest, and made a Bishop of Hippo (395)

28
Q

Adeodatus (Confessions)

A

son of Augustine

29
Q

Alypius (Confessions)

A

able to reject his attachments and accept God; Augustine’s friend

30
Q

Monica (Confessions)

A

Augustine’s mom, strong Christian, wanted him to convert to Christianity

31
Q

Ambrose (Confessions)

A

Saint Ambrose of Milan – helped Augustine convert to Christianity

32
Q

Sin (Confessions)

A

acting against God’s will, foolish rebellion against God

33
Q

Pears (Confessions)

A

he stole the pears for the attraction of it even though he had other pears at home; The act itself is attractive, especially in company; The outcome (pears) is not what is sought

34
Q

Original Sin (Confessions)

A

human tendency to defy God; wounds human nature

35
Q

Baby Sin (Confessions)

A

infants “punish”(crying) people for not granting their every wish and infant behavior is tolerated because they cannot act on it

36
Q

Evil - Manichean answer (Confessions)

A

a substance like the substance of the good, a powerful evil being; privation of the good

37
Q

The death of a friend (Confessions)

A

his friend gets a deathbed baptism, recovers enough to talk to Augustine then dies; he does meditation of grief and friendship

38
Q

A drunk beggar (Confessions)

A

Augustine sees a drunk beggar while delivering a speech as he is experiencing anxiety, the beggar does not have true joy but is care free

39
Q

Continence (Confessions)

A

the practice of having self control when it comes to sex; celibacy

40
Q

Two wills (Confessions)

A

Augustine’s desire to continue living as he is and to be a Christian and embrace continence

41
Q

Victorinus (Confessions)

A

conversion of the prominent teacher of rhetoric

42
Q

Ponticianus (Confessions)

A

antony the monk, him and his friends in Ambrose’s garden

43
Q

Antony (Confessions)

A

St. Antony of Desert an exemplary model of self-denial

44
Q

“take up and read” (Confessions)

A

what Augustine hears in the garden, he takes it as a divine command, he gets the closest book to him and reads it, he finally is able to reject all of his attachments and accept God

45
Q

Memory (Confessions)

A

the confessions may edify those who read them; he now loves God, that transcends his own soul

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