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Ways of seeing > Final Review > Flashcards

Final Review Flashcards

1
Q

Perfect happiness (summa theologica)

A

received in God alone in the afterlife

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2
Q

Imperfect happiness (suuma theologica)

A

through hope an attainment of the afterlife and through a direct but imperfect enjoyment of the good in this life in a limited way

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3
Q

Charity (suuma theologica)

A

a kind of friendship with well wishing-loving another for their own good

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4
Q

Love (suuma theologica)

A

a deep desire for the good of the good of the other rooted in mutual connection

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5
Q

Virtue (suuma theologica)

A

a rationally ordered state of the soul

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6
Q

Object(s) of charity (suuma theologica)

A

We love God in charity, but we love other people as well, we love them in God because they belong to God and they are properly ordered to God

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7
Q

Justice according to Ploymarchus (Republic)

A

justice is rendering each person what they are owed

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8
Q

Justice according to Thrasymachus

A

justice is the advantage of the stronger

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9
Q

Three types of goods (Republic)

A
  1. Some goods we desire for their sake (joy)
  2. Some goods we desire for their sake and for the sake of their consequences (health)
  3. Some goods we desire for the sake of the consequences in spite of unpleasantness of thing itself (exercise)
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10
Q

Ring of Gyges (Republic)

A

a ring that renders a person invisible

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11
Q

Guardians (Republic)

A

protect the city and are fierce with its enemies; properly trained with stories that represent the gods as they are and present a proper message about what is good; encouraged and educated to orient themselves and others to the true and beautiful

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12
Q

“Noble Lie” / Myth of the Metals (Republic)

A

metals are all from the same source, and are brothers
Gold – Rulers
Silver – Guardians
Iron & Broze - producers

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13
Q

Allegory of the Cave (Republic)

A

people are chained in a cave and see only the reflections on the wall in front of them but, do not know that they are reflections, one of the prisoners breaks free and discovers the light from the project then the light from the sun.
This represents three levels of knowledge: seeing the images casted by sources of light that are imitations of the sun, seeing images that are imperfectly or indirectly lit by the sun, seeing the sun and direct illuminations from the sun
The people who are released go through a process of education from first encountering projections and “real” object, then actual real object because of sunlight then the sun

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14
Q

Education

A

Meant to get people as far out of the cave as possible but, realizing the certain people can only go so far; about reorienting people towards knowledge of the real and eventually the good

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15
Q

The good (Republic)

A

for people of the city but not the people of the cave; some sacrifice may be required but people are raised in the sacrifice, everyone has a distinct role and the polis is like the soul of the person

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16
Q

Kaliopolis (Republic)

A

ideal polis

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17
Q

Timocracy (Republic)

A

souls driven by honor

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18
Q

Oligarchy (Republic)

A

souls driven by necessary appetites (wealth & power)

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19
Q

Democracy

A

souls driven by unnecessary appetites (luxury items)

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20
Q

Tyranny (Republic)

A

souls driven by unlawful appetites (lust)

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21
Q

Sisyphus (Camus)

A

He is condemned to roll a rock up a hill again and again as his punishment; internal vs. external conflict

22
Q

Rieux (The Plague)

A

physician, narrator of the plague, treats patients with the plague as it continues mainly just diagnoses patients with the plague, committed to the truth, focused on the need for preventative measures

23
Q

Tarrou (The Plague)

A

visitor from out of town, journal keeper

24
Q

Grand (The Plague)

A

clerk, writer

25
Q

Cottard (The Plague)

A

attempts to take his own life, criminal and plague postpones him going to jail

26
Q

Asthma patient (The Plague)

A

gets the plague and survives

27
Q

Othon (The Plague)

A

magistrate, represents “officialdom”

28
Q

Othon’s son (The Plague)

A

dies a slow and painful death to the plague after receiving “serum” to possibly help him due to how far gone he already was

29
Q

Richard (The Plague)

A

chairman of the medical association in Oran, does not want to scare the public and wants to see what happens with the plague

30
Q

Paneloux (The Plague)

A

priest, works in the sanitary squads, has two sermons during the plague

31
Q

Plague (The Plague)

A

transmitted by rats

32
Q

Mass burials (The Plague)

A

people who have died from the plague are buried together due to how rapidly people are dying, dehumanizes the people who have passed away

33
Q

Sanitary squads (The Plague)

A

formed because “offficaldom” could not keep up with the plague, clean rats up off the streets, dangerous and difficult work, volunteers only, work against a relentless enemy that cannot be stopped

34
Q

Paneloux’s homilies (The Plague)

A

says that the plague is a punishment from God, as the plague continues says that it is a test of faith

35
Q

Oran (The Plague)

A

located on the coast of north Africa, a colonial French town, layout is absurd, people are concerned with commerce chiefly and cultivating habits

36
Q

Closing the town (The Plague)

A

quarantine the town to prevent the spread of the plague to other towns, takes away peoples preoccupations and distractions, they have no commerce to transact and nothing to look forward to

37
Q

“separated lovers” (The Plague)

A

people whos lovers are outside of Oran during their quarantine, originally envied due to their distraction, by the high point of the plague they no longer think of their lovers

38
Q

“Officaldom” (The Plague)

A

refers to the government officials in Oran

39
Q

Monarchy (Wood & de Tocqueville)

A

expects and requires less virtue of subject, communities held together by tribal and family ties and fear, based on dependence and subservience

40
Q

Republicanism (Wood & de Tocqueville)

A

requires more virtue of citizens, communities held together by a common commitment to the public good

41
Q

Disinterestedness (Wood & de Tocqueville)

A

not influenced by private practice

42
Q

Self-interest well understood (de Tocqueville)

A

if this understanding was more widespread, both extraordinary virtue and extraordinary depravity would be less common

43
Q

Public virtues/positive liberty (de Tocqueville)

A

freedom for(governing), participation in governing, disinterestedness

44
Q

Private virtue/negative liberty

A

freedom from (interference); prudence, frugality; preserved by public virtue

45
Q

Utility Friendship (Nicomachean Ethics)

A

friendship based on utility and its usefulness (like to work on schoolwork together)

46
Q

Pleasure friendship

A

friendship that brings happiness to one another

47
Q

True friendship

A

friendship of those who wish for the highest good for each other

48
Q

Self-love (Nicomachean Ethics)

A
  1. Wishing and doing the good for yourself
  2. Self-preservation
  3. Enjoys own company
  4. Chooses the good easily
  5. Shares good and bad times with self but, they’re all good really
49
Q

Well-wishing

A

wishing good for your friends

50
Q

Friendship and the state

A

friendship supports and strengthens the state

51
Q

Friendship among unequals

A

affections given should be proportionate to the honor due to the person in question; differ depending on the goods being pursued; friendship between gods and human beings is the most unequal

Ways of seeing (2 decks)

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