Midterm Review Flashcards
What is the difference between 64bit and 32bit
Handles different amount of processes 32 bit processes 4 GB or 64 GB
64 bit processes 16 GB - 192 GB
Boot sequence and POST and BIOS
POST - initializes hardware & finds an OS to load
- BootMGR loaded and accesses the boot config data store to display boot menu or boot volume
- WinLoad - is the OS bootloader that loads the rest of the OS
- NTOSKERNL.EXE - Main part of windows → system services, processes and memory management
- Boot-class device drivers - implement number of functions that are used in different hardware platforms
What is Windows diagnostic tools
Fdisk and Format (formatting tools)
Chkdsk and Scandisk (disk checking tools)
Defrag (disk defragmentation)
Sigverif.exe
How to upgrade operating system, types of upgrades
Verify that the current computer will support windows 7
Update your anti-virus program, run it, and then disable it
Back up your files you fools
Connect to the internet
Viewer Event (why and how)
Event Viewer stores information about Critical Events and Warnings
What is MMC stand for?
Microsoft Management Console
Most Administrative Tools are are MMC
Outline Troubleshooting Methodology
Discover the Problem Evaluate system configuration List or track possible solutions Execute a plan Check results Take a proactive approach
What is Registry and it’s functions
Central, secure database in which Windows stores all hardware configuration information, software configuration information, and system security policies
What are the Components of registry (machine, users)
Windows Kernel Device Drivers Setup programs Hardware profiles User Profiles
What is RDP stand for?
Remote Desktop Protocol
What is AD stand for
Active Directory
What is RDC stand for?
Remote Desktop Connection
What is DC stand for?
Domain Controller
What is a active directory?
AD domain controller authenticates and authorizes all users and computers in a type network
What is Domain Controller?
is a server that responds to security authentication requests (logging in, checking permissions, etc.)
What is Class A?
0.0.0.0 - 127.255.255.255 /8
What is Class B?
128.0.0.0 - 191.255.255.255./16
What is Class C?
192.0.0.0 - 233.255.255.255 / 24
What are the private class IP address?
- 0.0.0 -10.255.255.255 /8
- 16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255 /16
- 168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255 /24
- 254.255.255 - 169.254.255.255 /16
What is the Difference between NAT, APIPA, MAC address, DNS, DHCP
Network Address Translation Automatic Private IP Addressing Media Access Control: Domain Name Server: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
What does Computer Management Console do?
One of the primary tools to manage a computer running Windows 7 and includes the most commonly used MMC snap-ins
What is Network and Sharing Center?
provides real-time status information about your network
What is ipconfig for, and switches?
Displaying IP configuration on a Windows host
/all - Displays all information
/flushdns - Flushes the DNS cache on local machine
/displaydns - Displays contents of DNS cache on local machine
/registerdns - Initiates manual dynamic registration for DNS names and IP addresses
/release - Releases DHCP/APIPA address
/renew - Requests a new dynamic IP address
What does Using ping and nslookup command do?
Ping command verifies IP level connectivity to another TCP/IP computer by sending ICMP echo request messages
NS Lookup output the IP address of the host and server name displays an authoritative answer
Difference between authorization and authentication
Authentication - is the process of identifying an individually usually based on a username and password
Authorization - is the process of giving individual access to system objects based on their identity
Difference between permissions and user rights
Permission - ability to grant permissions to such things as files, folders, printers, hard drives and many other devices including other computers
User Rights - As an Administrator you can determine which user has the right to access those devices
What are Group Policies?
Controls the working environment for user accounts and computer accounts.
What is DNS?
Domain Name System Replaces WINS (WINS replaced HOSTS file Is a hierarchical client/server-based distributed database management system that translate domain/host names to an IP address
What is WINS?
Windows Internet Name Service translates from NetBIOS to specify network resource.
DNS replaced WINS.
Used NETBIOS
What is IRQs, DMAs, I/O addresses
IRQ: Interrupt Requests interrupt the CPU, 16 IRQs 0-15, 2 and 9 are cascaded, 2 is unusable. 0 is sys clock.
DMA: 8 DMA channels (0-7) Direct Memory Access device accesses memory by bypassing CPU (Faster)
Input/Output addresses
What are two types of NTFS permissions
Explicit Permissions: Permissions granted directly to the file or folder.
Inherited Permissions: Permissions that are granted to a folder that flow to child objects
What are 6 types of permissions
- Full Control
- Modify
- Read & Execute
- List Folder Contents
- Read
- Write
Difference between user account and power user account
A power user is an administrator, and the other is a normal user.
What does Bootrec
Perform a manual repair use the BootRec command (bootrec.exe)
Can repair the MBR or the volume boot sector
What is Schema?
Defines the format of each object and the attribute or fields within each other ex. user accounts has first and last names
What is Organization units (OU)
Help organize objects within a domain and minimize the number of domains
Difference between NTFS vs FAT32
FAT32 can only store files up to 4GB
