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Viticulture Test 2 > Midterm Review > Flashcards

Midterm Review Flashcards

1
Q

which species of Vitis is most important in grape production

A

vinifera

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2
Q

what is phylloxera

A

Aphid like pest
chews roots

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3
Q

how did phylloxera effect the world

A

originated from NA
accidentally brought to Europe and destroyed many vinyards
many cultivars must be grafted now

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4
Q

why is vitas vinifera difficult to grow?

A

not cold hardy
needs specific climate
susceptible to phylloxera

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5
Q

purpose behind French hybrids

A

cold tolerant
disease tolerant
variety
phylloxera resistant

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6
Q

Cane

A

1 year old shoot

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7
Q

Shoot

A

Annual growth
can be off arm, cordon, cane, trunk

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8
Q

cordon

A

horozontal extension of trunk
source of new shoot

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9
Q

tendril

A

modified leaf
allows plant to climb

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10
Q

veraison

A

point of maturity, ripening, colour change

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11
Q

heat unit

A

measurement of heat accumulation within a climate
base unit 10

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12
Q

summer lateral

A

off of shoot, grows at s node, lateral

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13
Q

calyptra

A

cap on flower, made from flower petals

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14
Q

shatter stage

A

flowers that aren’t pollinated drop off

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15
Q

rootstock

A

uptake of nutrients, graph plant

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16
Q

bull wood

A

large diameter cane, not necessarily fruitful, high vigor

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17
Q

why are buds on grape vine “perfect”

A

multiple growing points, 3 components prim, sec, terch

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18
Q

when did the fruit buds of this years grape crop begin to develop

A

last season, July- June

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19
Q

average ideal annual temp range of a vineyard

A

10-20C

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20
Q

what can go wrong if avg daily temp falls

A

delayed maturity, winter injury, not long enough growth

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21
Q

T/F vitas labrusca was the main native NA species

A

F

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22
Q

T/F vinifera grapes have tendrils opposite every leaf

A

F

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23
Q

T/F French H grapes tend to be more cold tolerant

A

T

24
Q

T/F secondary buds can be fruitful

A

T

25
Q

T/F grapes usually have perfect flowers

A

T

26
Q

T/F spur is the name of the 2nd trunk

A

F

27
Q

cool climate district gen has less than 200HU

A

F

28
Q

T/F the leafs suck

A

T

29
Q

T/Fall the rain grapes are from labrusca

A

T

30
Q

T/F generally, temp below -15 will kill vinifera

A

T

31
Q

Characteristics of an ideal soil type

A

Sandy loam, deep, moisture, well aerated

32
Q

why are highly fertile soils not suitable?

A

too much growth, shading, low spray penetration, late maturing, too vegetative

33
Q

why are gentle slopes beneficial to have in a vineyard?

A

air drainage, if properly faced they can create a micro climate

34
Q

micro climate of southerly slopes

A

warmer, early growth, sunlight exposure, longer growing season

35
Q

micro climate of northerly slopes

A

cooler, late growing, shorter growing season

36
Q

why are windbreaks bad

A

frost pockets

37
Q

lake effect on grape growing

A

warmer winters, cooler summers, more precipitation

38
Q

3 major reasons for rootstock use

A

phylloxera resistant, nematode resistant, soil

39
Q

what is the minimum headland

A

9m

40
Q

what would you consider when planting row direction

A

direction fields are already facing, slopes, preferably n-s, end posts are expensive so the less needed the better

41
Q

why are mechanical grape plants laser guided

A

mechanical leaf/ harness removal, uniformity

42
Q

Advantages to steel posts

A

notches, last longer, easier to put in

43
Q

why are sturdy end posts important

A

so it won’t fall over, they are expensive so if you do it right once you won’t have to do it again (hopefully)

44
Q

How deep can vine roots go?

A

3m or more

45
Q

how steep is too steep

A

7d

46
Q

Scion

A

fruiting portion grafted onto rootstock

47
Q

420A

A

best on moist dry soils, can tolerate dry conditions, ripens fruit early, poor rooting.

48
Q

Break Crop

A

deter pests, herbicide residue

49
Q

Allyway

A

at least 8m wide

50
Q

in row spacing

A

1.25-2.8

51
Q

end post

A

slanted so they don’t move, expensive

52
Q

spur prune

A

cane that has been tried, 2-3 buds

53
Q

wire guage

A

12 thicker than 16

54
Q

catch wire

A

safety wire

55
Q

T/F soils with low fertility can produce better quality wines

A

T

Viticulture Test 2 (3 decks)

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