Exam

Question 1

3 Important developments of winemaking during 17th century

Answer 1

Corks/ Corkscrews, Glass Bottles, new styles of wine

Question 2

Name new style of wine discovered at Hautivillers Abbey

Answer 2

Dom Perignon (Champagne)

Question 3

How is Dom Perignon made

Answer 3

only pinot noir, prune vines to keep them low (less than 3ft), keep grapes intact at harvest, work in cool weather, don’t tread grapes, keep skins out

Question 4

What impact did Dom Perignon have on wine cellar construction

Answer 4

needed to be cold so they wouldn’t explode.

Question 5

4 important developments of 19th century

Answer 5

Napoleonic wars, champagne production in an assembly line, wines of the new world, phylloxera blight.

Question 6

Impact of phylloxera blight

Answer 6

slowed development, French vines suffered, introduced from America, massive replanting,

Question 7

3 wine making areas of Spain

Answer 7

Rioja, Catalonia, Jerez

Question 8

Rioja

Answer 8

best region, red wine that ages very well, phylloxera did not attack here.

Question 9

Catalonia

Answer 9

primary area of production, standard wines, and sparkling wines

Question 10

Jerez

Answer 10

Southmost, sherry

Question 11

Donald Ziraldo and Karl Kaiser

Answer 11

VQA, Ice wine cultivar

Question 12

What are the 4 designations of VQA

Answer 12

VQA, wine designated w a viticultural area, vineyard or estate grown, estate bottled

Question 13

VQA designation

Answer 13

100% Ontario grown grapes

Question 14

Wine designated with vineyard

Answer 14

ex. VQA Niagra peninsula,
85% of grapes grown in stated area, rest grown in ontario

Question 15

Vineyard or estate grown

Answer 15

100% of grapes from single vineyard

Question 16

Estate bottled

Answer 16

100% grown somewhere else, bottled and finished in ontario

Question 17

What are the 4 winemaking areas in Ontario

Answer 17

Niagara peninsula, Lake Erie north shore, Peel island, Prince Edward

Question 18

Importance of lake effect

Answer 18

raises winter temp, cool spring breeze holds back development until risk of frost is gone, cooler summer ripens grapes slower

Question 19

What region of France is similar to the lake effect here?

Answer 19

Burgundy

Question 20

Benefit of off shore lake Erie

Answer 20

warm waters of the lake, high sunshine hours = early harvest

Question 21

How do you make sherry

Answer 21

Harvest, crush, light pressing.
Initial fermentation
Initial assessment
Building the solera
Drawing and adding wine

Question 22

What are the characteristics of red wine?

Answer 22

More alcohol % by 1-2%
Less acidic
More polyphenolics

Question 23

Importance of Polyphenolics

Answer 23

red colour, tannins, flavonoids

Question 24

Red wine varieties in Ontario

Answer 24

Merlot, Gamay, Noir, Cabernet Franc, Pinot Noir

Question 25

Why is red wine red?

Answer 25

the skins are left in during fermentation so the wine gets their pigment.

Question 26

what is punching the cap?

Answer 26

pushing down the layer on top of the wine. this increases the contact between the skin and wine. increases red colour (Anthocyanin Extraction)