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AP Psych > Midterm Quiz > Flashcards

Midterm Quiz Flashcards

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0
Q

Humanist Perspective theorists?

A

Abraham Maslow

Carl Rogers

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1
Q

Humanist Perspective–
Main theorist(s)?
Beliefs?

A

Abraham Maslow, Carl Rogers

Stress individual choice and free will

We choose our behaviors guided by physiological/emotional/spiritual needs

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2
Q

Psychoanalytic Perspective

A

“Unconscious mind” controls us with impulses and memories.

To study, we must examine unconscious mind through::
Dream analysis, therapy

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3
Q

Biopsychology (Neuroscience) Perspective

A

Explains strictly in terms of biological processes::
Genes
Hormones
Neurotransmitters

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4
Q

Evolutionary Perspective

A

Natural selection of psychological traits.

Therefore passing on of those traits

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5
Q

Behavioral Perspective

A

CONDITIONING!!!

Behaviors - reactions

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6
Q

Cognitive Perspective

A

How we interpret, process, and remember environmental events.

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7
Q

Social-Cultural Perspective

A

Society/cultural effect on person

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8
Q

Hindsight Bias

A

I knew it all along

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9
Q

Operational Definition

A

Explaining how you will measure something in a research

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10
Q

Random assignment

A

Each participant has equal chance of being placed into any group

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11
Q

Neurotransmitters

A

Chemicals that travel between neurons

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12
Q

Synapse

A

Gap between neurons

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13
Q

Action potential

A

Electric message firing down the length of a neuron

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14
Q

All or non principle

A

Neurons will either fire completely or does not fire

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15
Q

Somatic Nervous System

A

Voluntary muscles/ controllable

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16
Q

Autonomic nervous system

A

Controls automatic functions of body

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17
Q

Sympathetic nervous system

A

In response to stress, accelerates functions (ex. Heart rate)

The “alert system”

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18
Q

Parasympathetic nervous system

A

Slows down body after stress

“Brake pedal”

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19
Q

Brain lateralization

A

Aka Hemispheric specialization

Specialization of function in each hemisphere

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20
Q

Brain plasticity

A

Brain is somewhat plastic or flexible.

Other parts of brain can adapt to perform other tasks

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21
Q

Transduction

A

Transforming signals into neural impulses

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22
Q

Sensory adaptation

A

Decreasing responsiveness to stimuli b/c constant stimulation

NOT sensory habituation

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23
Q

Feature detectors

A

What impulses activate once they get to the brain

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24
Q

Gate control theory

A

Some pain messages have higher priority than others

25
Q

Absolute threshold

A

Smallest amount of stimulus we can detect

26
Q

Difference threshold

A

Smallest amount if change needed in a stimulus before we detect a change

27
Q

Webers law

A

States that change needed is proportional to the original intensity of the stimulus

28
Q

Top down processing

A

Using what we already know to process a perception

29
Q

Perceptual set

A

Predisposition to perceive something in a certain way

30
Q

Bottom up processing

A

Opposite of top down

31
Q

Freudian dream interpretation

A

Important tool in therapy. Method to uncover the repressed info in unconscious mind

32
Q

Activation synthesis dream theory

A

Dreaming is merely brain’s interpretation within sleep

33
Q

Information processing dream theory

A

Brain deals with daily stress and information during dream

34
Q

Posthypnotic amnesia

A

Forgetting events of hypnosis

35
Q

Post hypnotic suggestion

A

Suggestion that person behaves a certain way the hypnotist tells

36
Q

Role theory of hypnosis

A

People are acting out the role of hypnotized person

37
Q

State theory of hypnosis

A

Z

38
Q

dissociation theory of hypnosis

A

Hypnosis causes us to divide our consciousness voluntarily

By researcher Ernest Hilgard

39
Q

Agonists

A

Psychoactive drugs that mimic and produce same effect as certain neurotransmitters

40
Q

Antagonists

A

Drugs that block Neurotransmitters

41
Q

Classical conditioning

A

Stimulus -> Response

42
Q

Unconditioned stimulus

A

Original stimulus that elicits response

43
Q

Unconditioned response

A

Response to U.S.

44
Q

Conditioned stimulus

A

Made up stimulus to elicit response

45
Q

Conditioned response

A

Response to C.S.

46
Q

Operant conditioning

A

Learning based on consequences

Behavior -> consequence

47
Q

Positive reinforcement

A

Giving a good thing

48
Q

Negative reinforcement

A

Taking away a bad thing

49
Q

Positive punishment

A

Presenting a bad thing

50
Q

Negative punishment

A

Taking away a good thing

51
Q

Cross sectional research

A

Uses participants of different ages to compare how certain variables may change over life span

52
Q

Longitudinal research

A

Researches one group over longggg time

53
Q

Secure attachments

A

Infants distressed when parents leave, and come to them when they return

54
Q

Avoidant attachments

A

Infants very independent. Will explore alone, and will not come back to parents when they return

55
Q

Anxious/ambivalent attachments

A

Extreme stress when parents leave, and resist being comforted when they return.

56
Q

Authoritarian parents

A

Strict standards for children

Punishment used more often than reinforcement

57
Q

Permissive parents

A

No clear guidelines for children

58
Q

Authoritative parents

A

Consistent standards for children but are also reasonable.

Between authoritarian and permissive

59
Q

Assimilation

A

Incorporating experiences into existing schemata

60
Q

Accomodation

A

Cannot assimilate information, so change the schemats

AP Psych (7 decks)

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