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NUCMED midterm > MIDTERM PT. 2 > Flashcards

MIDTERM PT. 2 Flashcards

1
Q

HOW TO PRODUCE RADIONUCLIDE: (GAR)

A

-generator
-accelerator
-reactor

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2
Q

GAR

A

GENERATOR- TEC99M/ MO99
ACCELERATOR- CYCLOTRON & BETATRON 0
REACTOR- NEUTRON ACTIVATION

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3
Q

where charge particle are accelerated

A

cyclotron

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4
Q

high flux density neutron

A

neutron activation

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5
Q

SPECT (SINGLE PHOTON EMISSION COMPUTERIZED TOMOGRAPHY) USES: WHAT RADIOPHARMACEUTICAL & DETECTOR

A

SINGLE PHOTON RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS
GAMMA CAMERA (DETECTOR)

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6
Q

PET (POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY) USES: WHAT RADIOPHARMACEUTICAL & SCANNER

A

DUAL PHOTON RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS
PET SCANNER

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7
Q

portrays physiology, biochemistry, and pathology in the human body without causing any physiological effect

A

radiopharmaceuticals

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8
Q

radionuclide + pharmaceutical or also known as radiotracers

A

radiopharmaceutical

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9
Q

referred to as radiotracers because it is given in subpharmacological doses that “traces” a physiological or pathological process in the body

A

radiopharmaceuticals

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10
Q

study of living body function

A

physiology

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11
Q

study of chemical processes in living organisms

A

biochemistry

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12
Q

study of origin and nature of disease

A

pathology

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13
Q

-dose of a drug that does not achieve any therapeutic effect

-administered in small doses to have different effect

A

subpharmacological doses

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14
Q

what are some example of subpharmacological doses

A

tricylic antidepressant- for anti depression

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15
Q

-for anti depression

-in small doses promotes sleep or relieves pain

A

tricylic antidepressants

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16
Q
  • Radioactive decay should result in gamma emission of 100-200 keV in SPECT and 511 or more in PET

-NO PARTICULATE RADIATION
-CARRIER-FREE
-SHORT HALF-LIFE

A

RADIONUCLIDE

17
Q

GAMMA EMISSION IN SPECT

A

100-200 keV

18
Q

GAMMA EMISSION IN PET

A

511 keV

19
Q

-not contaminated by either stable radionuclides or other radionuclides of the same element

-provides the affinity to special body tissue

A

carrier-free (ligand)

20
Q

-effective for its intended use

-safe for human use

-readily available

-sterile

-pyrogen-free

-chemical form of the element

A

pharmaceutical

21
Q

means free from microorganism

A

sterile

22
Q

means free from fever-causing substances

A

pyrogen-free

23
Q

PRODUCTION SOURCE: NUCLEAR REACTOR
PRINCIPAL MODE OF DECAY: NEGATRON EMISSION
THE RADIONUCLIDE ARE: (3)

A

IODINE 131
XENON 133
MOLYBDENUM 99

24
Q

PRODUCTION SOURCE: NUCLEAR REACTOR
PRINCIPAL MODE OF DECAY: NEGATRON EMISSION
THE RADIONUCLIDE ARE: WHAT ARE THEIR HALF-LIFE

  1. IODINE 131
  2. XENON 133
  3. MOLYBDENUM 99
A
  1. 8 DAYS
  2. 5.2 DAYS
  3. 66 HOURS
25
Q

PRODUCTION SOURCE: CYCLOTRON
PRINCIPAL MODE OF DECAY: ELECTRON CAPTURE
THE RADIONUCLIDE ARE: (6)

A

COBALT 57
XENON 127
INDUM 111
GALIUM 67
THALIUM 201
IODINE 123

26
Q

PRODUCTION SOURCE: CYCLOTRON
PRINCIPAL MODE OF DECAY: ELECTRON CAPTURE
THE RADIONUCLIDE ARE: WHAT ARE THEIR HALF LIFE

  1. COBALT 57
  2. XENON 127
  3. INDUM 111
  4. GALIUM 67
  5. THALIUM 201
  6. IODINE 123
A
  1. COBALT 57- 272 DAYS
  2. XENON 127- 36 DAYS
  3. INDUM 111- 2.8 DAYS
  4. GALIUM 67- 78.3 HOURS
  5. THALLIUM 201- 73.1 HOURS
  6. IODINE 123- 13.2 HOURS
27
Q
  • ENERGY: 135 AND 167 keV

-HALF-LIFE: 73.1 HRS

-USED FOR CARDIAC PERFUSION

-ENERGIES 135 & 167 keV

-OCCURS IN LOW ABUNDANCE THAT RESULTS IN POOR IMAGING RESULTS

-NOT READILY AVAILABLE

A

THALLIUM 201

28
Q
  • ENERGY: 172 & 245 keV
    -HALF-LIFE: 2.8 DAYS
A

INDIUM 111

29
Q

ALSO KNOWN AS OCTREOSCAN

-DETECTS NEUROENDOCRINE TUMORS

A

INDIUM 111

30
Q

-ENERGY: 190 keV
-half-life: 13 seconds
-very expensive

A

KRYPTON 81M

31
Q

-ENERGY: 364 keV
-HALF-LIFE: 8 DAYS

-PRESENCE OF BETA PARTICLE EMISSIONS WHICH LEADS TO A HIGHER PATIENT DOSE

  • USED PRIMARILY FOR THYROID CANCER THERAPY AND TREATMENT OF HYPERTHYROIDISM
A

IODINE 131

32
Q

-ENERGY: 159 kEV
-half-life: 13.2 hours
-SUITED FOR IMAGING WITH GAMMA CAMERA

-NOT READILY AVAILABLE

A

IODINE 123

33
Q

ADVANTAGE OVER TC99M DTPA:
-SAFE TO USE IN PXNS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE LUNG DISEASE

DISADVANTAGE OVER TC99M DTPA:
- ENERGY: 81 keV
-NOT READILY AVAILABLE
-HALF-LIFE: 5.2 DAYS

A

XENON 133

34
Q

DISADVANTAGE OVER TC99M DTPA:

-ENERGY: 172, 203 AND 375 keV
-NOT READILY AVAILABLE
-HAL-LIFE: 36 DAYS

A

XENON 127

35
Q

PRODUCTION SOURCE: CYCLOTRON
PRINCIPAL MODE OF DECAY: POSITRON EMISSION

THE RADIONUCLIDE ARE: (4)

A

FLOURINE 18
CARBON 11
NITROGEN 13
OXYGEN 15

36
Q

PRODUCTION SOURCE: CYCLOTRON
PRINCIPAL MODE OF DECAY: POSITRON EMISSION

THE RADIONUCLIDE ARE: WHAT ARE THEIR HALF LIFE

FLOURINE 18
CARBON 11
NITROGEN 13
OXYGEN 15

A

FLOURINE 18- 110 MINS
CARBON 11- 20 MINS
NITROGEN 13- 10 MINS
OXYGEN 15- 2 MINS

37
Q

PRODUCTION SOURCE: GENERATOR (GERMANIUM 68)
PRINCIPAL MODE OF DECAY: POSITRON EMISSION

THE RADIONUCLIDE & HALF-LIFE IS __

A

GALIUM 68
68 MINS

38
Q

PRODUCTION SOURCE: GENERATOR (STRONTIUM 82)
PRINCIPAL MODE OF DECAY: POSITRON EMISSION

THE RADIONUCLIDE & HALF-LIFE IS __

A

1.3 MINS

NUCMED midterm (4 decks)

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