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GEC 11 - ENVI SCI > MIDTERM - PPT 1 > Flashcards

MIDTERM - PPT 1 Flashcards

1
Q

the absolute growth rate of humans has stabilized at ____ per year – this means that approximately 150 babies are born every minute.

A

1.1%

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2
Q

To survive , humans need to ____ and ____.

A

consume materials and space

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3
Q

We occupy land to reside in, to ____, to ____.

A

to grow food, to dump wastes

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4
Q

____ is generally defined as a group of individuals of the same species occupying a given area at a given time.
____ can change over time.

A

Population

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5
Q

Understanding the dynamics of human population requires knowledge of the general principles of ____.

A

Population Ecology

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6
Q

It is the means to understand the influence of populations to the environment. It is the study of populations and their interactions with their environment.

A

Population Ecology

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7
Q

The environment influences populations in terms of its:

A
  • density and distribution
  • age
  • structure
  • size
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8
Q

It is the pattern of spacing among individuals within the boundaries of the population.

A

Dispersion

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9
Q

It is the most common pattern of population dispersion.

A

CLUMPED PATTERN

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10
Q

It is when individuals are evenly spaced over the area they occupy. A pattern seen in species whose individuals do not have close interactions.

A

UNIFORMLY PATTERN

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11
Q

The individuals of a population have an unpredictable distribution. This pattern is common in species that prefer solitary lives.

A

RANDOM PATTERN

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12
Q

3 types of Dispersion Pattern

A

Clumped Pattern
Uniformly Pattern
Random Pattern

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13
Q

What are the two main characteristics used to describe a population?

A

Population size and density

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14
Q

This represents the maximum population size that a particular environment can support

A

Carrying capacity

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15
Q

Altering Nature to Meet Our Needs

A
  • Reduction of biodiversity
  • Increasing use of the earth’s net primary productivity
  • Increasing genetic resistance of pest species and disease-causing bacteria
  • Elimination of many natural predators
  • Introduction of potentially harmful species into communities
  • Using some renewable resources faster than they can be replenished
  • Interfering with the earth’s chemical cycling and energy flow processes
  • Relying mostly on polluting and climate-changing fossil fuels
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16
Q

Population size increases because of ____ ?

A

births and immigration

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17
Q

Population size decreaes because of ____?

A

Population size increases because of births and immigration

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18
Q

The average number of children born to women in a population, is called?

A

total fertility rate

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19
Q

It is the key factor that determines population size.

A

total fertility rate

20
Q

is the actual level of reproduction of a population per individual

A

Fertility

21
Q

Is known as death rate, it is a measure of the number of deaths in particular population

A

Mortality rate

22
Q

the act of someone coming to live permanently in foreign country

A

Immigration (INTO)

23
Q

leaving own country to settle permanently to another country.

A

Emmigration(EXIT/OUT)

24
Q

also known as birth rate is the total number of live humans births per 1,000 population divided by the length of a period in years.

A

Fertility Rate

25
Q

Is an accelerating pattern of increasing population size. it is when data rises over a period of time, creating an upwards trending curve on a graph.

A

EXPONENTIAL GROWTH

26
Q

According to ____ once the population size exceeds available resources, population growth decreases dramatically.

A

Malthus model

27
Q

shows the changes in the patterns of birth rates and death rates that typically occur as a country moves through the process of industrialization or development

A

DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION MODEL

28
Q

POPULATION GROWTH RATE FORMULA

A

Population Growth Rate = Birth Rate – Death Rate

29
Q

POPULATION CHANGE FORMULA IN DTM

A

Population Change = (Birth + immigration) – (Death + emigration)

30
Q

How many stages does the demographic transition have?

A

Four Stages

31
Q

it is the average number of years that a person in a particular population is expected to live

A

Life Expectancy

32
Q

one of the tools that demographers use to understand populations. provides a snapshot of the current population and can represent information about the past and give potential clues about future problems

A

AGE STRUCTURE DIAGRAMS

33
Q

In age structure diagrams, If the base is very wide compared to the upper parts of the diagram, then this indicates

A

indicates a lot of young people in the population compared to older generations i.e. a high birth rate and a rapidly growing population.

34
Q

In age structure diagrams, If the base is smaller than the upper parts of the diagram, then this indicates ?

A

indicates few young people in the population compared to older generations. This population has low birth rates and is shrinking.

35
Q

This refers tothe entire number of people of all ages, living in all countries throughout the world.

A

GLOBAL POPULATION

36
Q

The study of human populations

A

DEMOGRAPHY

37
Q

They collect and process information about population processes such as fertility, mortality, and migration.

A

Demographers

38
Q

The annual rate of growth of a population expressed as a percentage

A

Growth Rate (annual)

39
Q

Replacement-level fertility

A

Total fertillity rate at which a population exactly replaces itself from one generation to the next , without migration

40
Q

Infant Mortality

A

Number of deaths per thousand live births of children under one year of age

41
Q

Populatio profile or age structure

A

A chart or bar graph showing the number of males and females for successive ages in the population

42
Q

Population Momentum

A

The effect of current poulaiton profile on future population growth; the tendency for population to grow despite a fall in fertility

43
Q

Crude birth rate

A

The number of live births per thousand in a population in a given year

44
Q

Crude Death Rate

A

the number of deaths per thousand in a given year

45
Q

Demogrpahic transition

A

A model that describes population change over time based on the transitions in birth and death rates as societies undergo industrialization

46
Q

fertility transition

A

a decline in fertility which begins an irreversible trend downwards; completed when replacement-level fertility is achieved

GEC 11 - ENVI SCI (7 decks)

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