MIdterm- Poetry Terms Flashcards
a group of 2 or 3 syllables fomring the basic unit of poetic rhythm
foot
the system for indicating metrical patterns and analyzing their effects
scansion
the recurring pattern of sounds that give poems written in verse their distinct rhythms
meter
a collective term that describes the technical aspects of verse relating to rhythm, stress and meter
prosody
a poem that is spoken by a fictional narrator who is clearly different from the author in age, situation or gender. It is set at some significant point in the speaker’s life and is often addressed to another character. Purpose is for the speaker to reveal significant aspects of his or her qualities values and experiences
dramatic monologue
the most varied and widespread kind is that in which an individual speaker expresses what he or she feels, perceives and thinks
lyric poetry
a long narrative poem on a serious and exalted subject
epic poetry
one foot, usually occurring only as a variant in poems comprised largely of longer lines
monometer
2 feet
dimeter
3 feet
trimeter
4 feet
tetrameter
pentameter
5 feet
6 feet
hexameter
7 feet
heptameter
any variant foot within a line that consists predominantly of another metrical pattern
substitution
a missing unstressed syllable at the end of a line
catalexis (catalectic)
//
spondee
two stressed syllables in a row
U /
iamb (iambic)
an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed one
/ U
trochee (trochaic
one stressed syllable followed by one unstressed syllable
U U /
anapest (anapestic)
two unstressed syllables followed by a stressed syllable
/ U U
dactyl (dactylic)
one stressed syllable followed by two unstressed syllables
dactyl (dactylic)
one stressed syllable followed by two unstressed syllables
/ U U
anapest (anapestic)
two unstressed syllables followed by a stressed syllable
U U /
trochee (trochaic)
one stressed syllable followed by one unstressed syllable
/ U
iamb (iambic)
an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed one
U /
Spondee (spondaic)
2 stressed syllables
/ /
lines contain a complete sentence or independent clause and so have a distinct pause at the end usually indicated by a mark of punctuation
end-stopped
also called run-on lines are those in which the sentence or clause continues for 2 or more lines of verse, no punctuation at ends of these lines
enjambed (enjambment)
a pause in the midst of a verse line. the pause is indicted by a mark of punctuation. The effect creates a shift in the rhythmic pattern and therefore shift the focus
caesura
the repetition in 2 or more nearby words of the last stressed vowel and all the syllables that follow it
rhyme
rhymes that occur within a line of poetry rather than at the end
internal rhyme
the pattern of line recurrence
rhyme scheme
when the rhyming sounds match exactly
perfect rhyme
word looks on the page like perfect rhymes by over time have come to be pronounced differently
eye rhyme
does not fulfill the expectation of exactly chiming syllables that perfect rhyme has
imperfect rhyme/half-rhyme/off rhyme/ slant rhyme
the repetition of sounds in nearby words or stressed syllables
alliteration
a reiterated sound that occurs within a word
internal alliteration
the repetition of consonant sounds in two or more successive words or stressed syllables that contain different vowel sounds
consonance
the repetition of identical or similar vowel sounds in nearby words or stressed syllables
assonance
a word or phrase that seems to imitate the sound it denotes
onomatopoeia
a group of lines in a poem that share a common pattern of meter, line length, and rhyme
stanza
a pair of rhymed lines of the same length and meter
couplet
rhymed pairs of lines in Iambic Pentameter
heroic couplet
a pair of lines in which the end of the rhyme coincides with the end of the clause or sentence
closed couplet
are fluent, with the rhyme not insistent but subtly underlying the meter
open couplet
a group of three lines, usually sharing the same rhyme
tercet/triplet
the tercets are linked by a pattern of shared rhymes- the 1st and last lines of each stanza rhyme and the middle line rhymes with the 1st and 3rd lines of the following tercets
terza rima
a stanza with four lines
quatrain
most common iambic. 4 lines- 2 of 8 syllables alternating with 2 or 6
ballad meter
ballad meter
common meter
a word, phrase, line, or group of lines that is repeated at intervals
refrain
a lyric poem written in a single stanza that usually consists of 14 lines of iambic pentameter
sonnet
3 Quatrains and a final couplet which rhyme abab cdcd efef gg
English/Shakespearean Sonnet
opening octave and a concluding sestet rhyme scheme is abba abba but the sestet may vary
Italian/Petrarchan Sonnet
a group of 8 lines
octave
a group of 6 lines
sestet
the resolution of the question/ problem posed
volta/turn
unrhymed iambic pentameter containing five feet per lines, each foot consisting of an unstressed followed by a stressed syllable
blank verse
also called open form verse, is distinguished from traditional versification in that its rhythms are not organized in meter. Most lack rhyme
free verse
