Midterm Oral Grammar Flashcards

1
Q

Giving advice / why don’t you?

A

(v)지 그래요?
- 가: 밤에 잠이 안 와서 고민이에요
- 나: 그럼 따뜻한 우유를 마시지 그래요?
> why don’t you try to => ‘마셔 보지’
> not used with someone older

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2
Q

Experience in past, telling new info to someone else / you know / you see

A

더라고요
- 가: 주말에 제가 추천한 식당에 가 봤어요?
- 나: 네, 정말 음식이 싸고 맛있더라고요.
> don’t add past tense conjugation
> subject of sentence cannot be speaker

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3
Q

Moreover / and

A

(a)은/ㄴ 데다가
(v)는 데다가
- 가: 한국어 수업이 어때요?
-나: 한국어 수업은 재미있은 데다가 쉬워요.
> ‘ㅂ’ and ‘ㄹ’ conjugated
> same subject and tone for both clauses

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4
Q

Plan or decide to do something / promise to do something

A

(v) 기로 했어요
- 가: 내일 오후에 시간이 있어요?
- 나: 미안해요. 저는 내일 오후에 친구랑 보스턴에 가기로 약속했어요
> not used with adjectives or ‘이다’

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5
Q

You must

A

(v/a)지 않으면 안돼요
- 가: 감기에 걸리지 않으려면 어떻게 해야 해요?
- 나: 비타민과 과일를 먹지 않으면 안돼요.

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6
Q

If…then..

A

아/어야
- 가: 어떻게 해야 친구와 친해질 수 있어요?
- 나: 친구를 자주 만나야 더 친해져요.

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7
Q

Guess based on your observation / saw or heard

A

(v)나 봐요
(a)은/ㄴ가 봐요
past tense: 았/었나 봐요
- 가: 지훈 씨가 요즘 너무 피곤해해요. 왜 그런지 아세요?
- 나: 음. 지훈 씨는 요즘 숙제가 많아서 늦게 자나 봐요.
> ‘싶다’ is a adjective

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8
Q

to a degree / so much that / to the extent that

A

(v)을/ㄹ 정도로
- 가: 마리아 씨가 얼마나 한국어를 잘해요?
- 나: 한국 드라마를 자막 없이 볼 수 있을 정도로 한국어를 잘해요.

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9
Q

past activity or memory / that I did or had

A

았/었던
- 가: 저 사람이 누구인지 아세요?
- 나: 네, 지난번 파티에서 만났던 사람이에요.
> implies action is not ongoing

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10
Q

when action is speaker’s goal or intention in preceding clause / in order to / so that

A

(v)도록
negative: (v)/(a): 지 않도록 (a polite request not to - ‘세요’)
- 가: 다음 주에 시험이 있어요.
- 나: 그럼, 시험이 다음 주니까 열심히 공부하도록 하세요.
> also used to give instruction/ please be sure
i) ie. 끊도록 하세요

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11
Q

even if, at least (added to nouns)

A

(n) (이)라도
- 가: 미안해요. 냉장고에 콜라는 없어요. 어떡하죠?
- 나: 그럼 물이라도 주세요.
> added to the end of nouns

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12
Q

no matter if you choose this or that (show all choices are fine)

A

(n) (이)든지
> whatever - 뭐든지
> wherever - 어디든지
> by all means - 어떻게든지
> how much - 얼마든지
- similar to ‘아무___이다’ but this is more upbeat

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13
Q

indirect speech (regular tense/ to be)

A

다고 헀어요

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14
Q

indirect 저는 / 저한테

A

자가

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15
Q

indirect speech (question not ‘let’s/’을까요’/’ㄹ래요’)

A

냐고 했어요?

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16
Q

indirect speech (please do something)

A

(으)라고 했어요
- conjugate ‘ㄷ’ to ‘ㄹ’
- keep ‘ㄹ’ as is

17
Q

indirect speech (lets)

A

자고 하다
- used with ending ‘ㅂ시다’, ‘ㄹ까요?’, ‘ㄹ래요?’

18
Q

indirect speech (please give)

A

아/어 달라고 하다 / 주라고 하다
- used with ‘주세요’
- use 달라고 when receiver is speaker
- use 주라고 when speaker is not receiver, usually another name in sentence