Midterm One Flashcards
What is Resilience?
Overcoming negative effects or risk exposure, adapting or coping successfully with traumatic experiences and avoiding negative trajectories associated with risk.
How was Resilience originally viewed?
Set of traits that allowed children to be able to be successful coping under stress
What does PPFPs stand for?
Promotive and Protective factors and processes
What are the two kinds of PPFPs? What do they each mean?
Assets - reside with the individual, competence, coping skills and self-efficacy
Resources - included with parental support and adult mentoring
What are the different aspects of the Socio-ecological approach?
Indivdual,
Relationships (Microsystem),
Community (Meso/Exosystem)
Societal (Macrosystem)
What are the three categories of resilience models
Compensatory
Protective
Challenge
What does the compensatory model represent?
It has a direct effect on a promoter factor or outcome not acting on the risk
What does the protective model represent?
Weakens the risk but does not remove it may neutralize it can also enhance the positive effect on another promotive factor
What are the two types of protective models? And what do they each represent?
Protective-Stabilizing, Gets rid of the risk
Protective-Reactive- Decreases the risk
What is the challenge model?
Association between risk factors and negative outcomes at moderate or high levels
Want something in the middle having low risk doesn’t decrease skill sets so can increase negative outcome
What does the inoculation model represnet?
Represents developed resilience
What is an example of the inoculation model?
Exposure to stress in school and as you go through obstacles you build resilience and face adversity.
What is reliance specific too?
Content, Culture and Context (Urban vs rural youth) or parental control
Do people react different to the same adverse events?
Yes
What are some circumstances that can have an important impact on how children are affected by their experiences?
Type of adversity, Duration of adversity, Number of adversities, Interactions between adversities, Timing and developmental status, Child’s temperament and reaction to adversity, Pre existing characteristics, Family environment, Health Status
What are some biological adverse childhood experiences (ACES)
Malnutrition, Infectious diseases, Injury and disability, Premature or traumatic birth, Prenatal substance exposure
What are some Psychosocial ACES.
Witenssing violence, Maltreatment, Extreme poverty, parental discord, stigmatisation
What are childhood physical impacts of ACES?
Somatic sympotms, Headaches, Poor dental health, astham, allergies and increased infections
What are childhood behavioural impacts of ACES?
Learning and/or behavioral problems, Early use of illlict drugs, High school absenteeism, early use of alchool, Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
What is the goal of resilience research?
What protects individuals and systems from breaking down when things go wrong in some circumstances?
In the social-ecological model what is in the individual section?
Genetic predispostion
Age
Gender
Faith
In the social-ecological model what is in the Microsystem section?
Child-family and child school relationships
Religious practices
In the social-ecological model what is in the Meosystem section?
Family-School relationships
Neighbourhood, religious institutions
In the social-ecological model what is in the Macrosystem section?
Political
Economic
Religious
Cultural contexts
What are the six categories of capturing well-being?
- SWB- life satisfaction, positive feelings and low negative feelings
- Economic and material well-being
- Physical health- longevity and lack of illness
- Social and institutional well-being factors such as social support low corruption, honest elections and respect for others
- Quality of the natural environment- clean air, clean water and preserving the enviorment
- Equality- moderate and fair disparities in income and life satisfaction
What does GDP stand for?
gross domestic product per capita
What is the gini coefficient?
0 indicates complete equality within a nation
1.0 means that a single indivual passes all that resource and all other people are at 0
What countries are at the top of well-being indicators?
Northern European countries
What is life satisfaction associated with?
Income and meeting basic needs along with material comfort
What does UNDP stand for?
United nations development program human development index
What does hedonic tradition stand for?
The focus on happiness is generally defined as the presence of positive affect and the absence of negative affect
What is the eudaemonic tradition? And what are the 7 aspects of it?
The focus is on living life in a full and deeply satisfying way.
Self-acceptence
Positive social relationships
Personal growth
Purpose in life
Enivormental Mastery
Autonomy
Personal Expression
What are the 6 core dimensions of psychological well-being?
- Self-acceptance
- Purpose in life
- Environmental mastery
- Positive relationships
- Personal growth
- Autonomy
What is the homeostasis and life events with challenges model in reference to resilience?
Phase A:When an individual experiences a mild change the SWB will vary slightly
Phase B: When SWB is prevented from decreasing below the set point due to a strong homeostatic defence
Phase C: Signifies a situation when the challenge is too strong for homeostasis to manage SWB would now fall sharply
What is the new definition of well-being?
It is now viewed as a see-saw where well-being can be swayed by either resources or challenges.
What is Robert Nozick’s experiment and what were thew results?
You could experience first hand what you desire most but you would have to live that life forever. Most people voted to stay in their current life. This showed well-being is more than happiness.
What is well-being?
A multi-dimensional construct
What is Subjective well-being?
Personal evaluations of your own life satisfaction and experiences.
What is diners model?
Well being consists of three interrelated components, life satisfaction, frequent pleasant affect and infrequent negative affect
What are Ryffs Six factor model of Psychological Well-Being?
- Autonomy (resists social pressure self detiremnce and self regulation)
- Environmental mastery (ability to choose or create the life you want)
- Personal Growth ( development of ones potential growing and expanding of an open mind)
- Positive relations with others
- Purpose in life (meaning in past and present life)
- Self-acceptance
What does the PERMA model stand for?
P- positive emotions
E- Engagement ( being one with music(flow) )
R- Positive Relationships
M- Meaning (Serving something greater than yourself)
A- Accomplishment
Who created the PERMA model?
Seligman
What are the six domains of the flourishing index?
Happines and Life satisfaction
Physical and Mental health
Meaning and Purpose
Character and Virture
Close Social Relationships
Financial and material security
What are Sen’s capabilities approach to wellbeing
Functioning is about being and doing and taking the resuources as is and being able to use it, everyone has access to different resources
What are the different domains for WHO-100 Scal e
Physical Capacity
Psychological
Level of indepence
Social Relationships
Enivorment
What is the Barett model? What are the 7 levels?
The global well-being indicator
Contrubtion
Collbration
Evelaution
Performance
Releationships
vialibity
What is HDI?
The human development Index
- mean years of schooling
expected years of schooling
life expectancy at birth
gross national income
What does HDI fail to consider?
Poverty, Gender and inequiality
What is the CWB
Community wellbeing index in Canada
- education
- labour force activity
- income
- housing
Is well-being a universal concept?
No it’s subjective and personal
What languages is the world happiness report in?
English, Italian, German, Spanish and French
What does MPWB stand for?
Measuring progress and well-being
What does MPWB consist of?
Economic developments
Generalized wealth
Life quality
social development
progress
happiness
sustainability
Who defines quality of life?
Academics,governments or other organizations
What indicators have been most active in Canada when defining quality of life?
Non government
When is a country considered a well-being economy?
If the country actively uses well-being measures for informing government priorities and actively guiding government policy-making.
Do populations experience happiness?
No individuals do
How does Aristotle believe happiness comes from?
Does happiness come from feeling the right emotions which might not always be pleasant ones?
How do you know an emotion is right?
Depends on the goal and needs of an individual.
What does the Human development index rate?
Provides scores that rank countries on their level of development
What are the indicators of the Human development index?
Life expectancy
Education
Per capita income
Why should we study happiness?
Studies suggest there is a distinct link between happiness and health
What are the impacts of happiness on health?
Improved physical health
More sociable
More productive
Better citizens
Are life circumstances the drive of happiness?
No instead fulfillments ( basic needs) increases positive affects and decrease negative affect
What does PAI stand for?
Positive Activity Interventions
What are some examples of PAI?
Writing letters of gratitude
Gratitude(counting ones blessings)
Practicing optimism
Acts of kindness
Mediating on positive feelings towards self or others
What are factors influencing Efficacy of PAI?
Time and dosage
Variety
Characteristics of a person ( being too highly motivated is not good either)
What are the 4 aspects of GNH?
Good governance
Cultural resilience in a vital community
Sustainable and balanced economical development
What are the 9 domains of GNH?
Culture
Time use
Good governance
Community Vitality
Living Standards
Health
Education
Environment
Psychological well being
How is psychological wellbeing indicated?
Life satisfaction
Positive emotion
Negative emotion
spirituality
What are the indicators of education?
Literacy
Schooling
Knowledge
Value
What are the indicators community vitality?
Donation
Safety
Community Relationships
Family
What are the indicators of good governance?
Political participation
Services
Government performance
Fundamental rights
What are the indicators for Ecological Diversity and Resilience?
Wildlife damage
Urban issues
Responsibility towards environment
Ecological Issues
What are the five paths to wellbeing using art?
Making is connecting
Art is embodied and relational
Art allows one to observe and be sensitive
Cycle of continuous learning
Creating art as a way to give/share
What are the three different levels of making is conncecting?
Bringing new concepts together
Connecting to others
Bringing feelings into connection
What does Art is embodied and relational mean?
There are somatic ways of knowing and using senses/expressions along with using the body
What does it mean that art allows one to observe and be sensitive?
It means you are notching the unusual and paying attention to the environment
How can you create art as a way to share or give?
Contributing to community and can improve wellbeing along with accepting parts of your self
What did the study of older women embracing their bodies represent?(Three findings)
That creativity can be an act of care as some women felt a lot more confident with their body
Creativity is also a collaboration where women saw that other women like them were embracing their bodies they also felt more confident within themselves
Creativity as a critique some women left feeling no difference
What is mindfulness?
It is being in the present moment and has been linked to Buddhism, Hinduism and mystic traditions of Islam, Judaism and Christianity
What are some everyday things you can incorporate mindfulness into?
Walking
Eating
Meditation
What are the three main aspects of Mindfulness?
Intention
Attention
Attiude
What are the four foundations of Mindfulness?
Mindful observation of the body
Mindful observation of feelings
Mindful observation of consciousness/mind
Mindfulness of the object of mind (spritural)
What are the psychological benefits of mindfulness?
Improved wellbeing
Improved Resilience
Stress reduction
Memory Improvement
Increased Focus
Limited evidence that may improve academic performance
What are the physical benefits of mindfulness?
Improved immune functioning
Improved Stress response
What are some interpersonal benefits of mindfulness?
Self-awareness
Self-regulation
Social Skills
Motivation
Empathy
What are the four mechanisms of action for mindfulness?
Attention regulation
Body awareness
Emotional Regulation
Change in perspective on the self
What is Neuroplasticity?
Our brain can rewire itself
Our brain is making new neural connections
Our brain is always changing
How does Neuroplasticity work?
New mental activity
Creation of new neural structures
Repetition of mental activity
Strengthening of neural connection
What is DMN?
Default model network
A network of interacting brain regions that is active when a person is not focused on any external event or condtions
What is Rumination?
Where you are stuck in a loop of reocurring negative thoughts (depression) or general unhappiness
