Midterm (N-Z)

Question 0

Neocolonialism

Answer 0

The relationships between multinational corporations and low-income countries in which economic power of the multinationals dominates low-income countries in ways similar to the political control perviously exercised by foreign governments.

Question 1

Natality

Answer 1

The addition of new individuals to a population by birth.

Question 2

Nutrition Transition

Answer 2

The burden of nutrition-related illness differs by the demographics of a population. Developing countries tend to experience problems of undernutrition. Middle income countries may experience undernutrition and overfeeding simultaneously, High Income countries tend to experience problems of overfeeding.

Question 3

Passive Immunity

Answer 3

An immune response that is acquired through breastmilk or immunoglobulin shots.

Question 4

Per Capita GNP

Answer 4

The total value of the goods and services produced in a country each year, divided by the numbers of people in the country’s population.

Question 5

Population Density

Answer 5

Land area per person

Question 6

Population Momentum

Answer 6

When a population contains a large number of pre-reproductive individuals.

Question 7

Population Planning

Answer 7

Accounting for current and future population needs for the purpose of policy development.

Question 8

Population Pyramid

Answer 8

An age structure diagram that depicts males and females graphed against a central axis. Normally bars represent five-year age groups, but not always.

Question 9

Precautionary Principle

Answer 9

When an activity (policy) threatens to create harm, it is best to be cautious even if there is no solid scientific proof that harm with manifest.
(e.g., carbon emissions and global warming)

Question 10

Refugee

Answer 10

A person who has been forced to involuntarily move from their home country for security relative to war, civil war, political strife, or persecution.

Question 11

Relative Poverty

Answer 11

The poor lack many of the resources available to the rest of the population, but nevertheless have the basic necessities of life.

Question 12

Social Class

Answer 12

An individual’s socioeconomic position in society based on their role in production.

Question 13

Social Institutions

Answer 13

A set of social processes and social structures that operate to address a social need; teach individuals what to expect of others in terms of values, beliefs, norms, traditions, and general behavior.

Question 14

Social Stratification

Answer 14

A system of ranking people in hierarchy according to certain attributes.

Question 15

Sub-Replacement Fertility

Answer 15

A total fertility rate that is not high enough to replace an area’s population.

Question 16

Upper-Middle Income Countries

Answer 16

Countries with an annual per capita GNI between about $3,976 and $12,275.

Question 17

Vital Statistics

Answer 17

The information maintained by a government, recording the birth and death of individuals within a government’s jurisdiction… in the United States [this is done by] the National Center for Health Statistics of the CDC.

Question 18

Wealth

Answer 18

The material component of stratification, determined by income and other assets.

Question 19

WHO Definition of Health

Answer 19

A state of complete physical, mental, social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

Question 20

World Systems Theory

Answer 20

A theory that emphasizes the interconnections of countries in the global capitalist production process, which results in an uneven distribution of profits across the countries depending on their participation in core or peripheral production activities.