Midterm Muscles Flashcards
What is the origin of the occipitofrontalis
occipitalis: superior nuchal line and mastoid process,
frontalis: galea aponeurotica
What is the insertion of the occipitofrontalis?
occipitalis: galea aponeurotica
frontalis: fascia and skin superior to eyes and nose
What are the functions of the occipitofrontalis
draws scalp posteriorly, draws scalp anteriorly, elevates eyebrows
What is the origin of the temporalis
temporal fossa
What is the insertion of the temporalis?
coronoid process and anterior border of ramus
What are the functions of the temporalis
elevation of mandible @TMJ, retraction of mandible @ TMJ
What is the origin of the masseter?
zygomatic arch
What is the insertion of the masseter?
angle and ramus of mandible
What are the functions of the masseter
elevation and protraction of mandible @ TMJ
What is the origin of platysma?
the fascia cover the upper parts of the pectoralis major and deltoid
What is the insertion of the platysma?
mandible and subcutaneous fascia of lower face
What are the functions of the platysma?
draws up the skin of superior chest and neck creating ridges, depresses and draws lower lip laterally
What is the origin of the SCM
medial 1/3 of clavicle, manubrium of sternum
What is the insertion of the SCM?
mastoid process and lateral 1/2 of superior nuchal line
What are the functions of the SCM?
- flexion of neck @ spinal joints
- extension of head @ AOJ
- extension of neck @ spinal joints
- lateral flexion of neck @ spinal joints
- lateral flexion of head @ AOJ
- contralateral rotation of head @AAJ
- contralateral rotation of neck @ spinal joints
- elevation of sternum and clavicle during forced inhalation
What is the origin of the Trapezius?
upper: EOP, medial superior nuchal line, ligamentum nuchae @ SPC7;
middle: SP of T1-T5
lower: SP of T6-T12
What is the insertion of the trapezius
upper: lateral clavicle and acromion process
middle: acromion and spine of scapula
lower: tubercle @ root of spine of scapula
What are the functions of the trapezius?
- extension of head @ AOJ
- lat flexion of head @AOJ
- ext of neck @ spinal joints
- lat flexion of neck @ spinal joints
- contralateral rotation of head @ AAJ
- contralateral rotation of neck @ spinal joints
- upward rotation of scapula @ STJ
- elevation of scapula @ STJ
- retraction of scapula @ STJ
- depression of scapula @ SCJ
What is the origin of rhomboid major?
SP of T2 to T5
What is the insertion of the rhomboid major?
vertebral border of scapula inferior to spine
What is the origin of rhomboid minor?
SP of C7-T1
What is the insertion of the rhomboid minor?
vertebral border of scapula @ root of spine
What are the functions of the rhomboids
- retraction of scapula @ STJ
- downward rotation of scapula @ STJ
- elevation of scapula @STJ
What is the origin of the levator scapulae
TP of C1-C4
What is the insertion of levator scapulae
medial border of scapula above the spine at the level of superior angle
What are the functions of the levator scapulae
- lateral flexion of neck @ spinal joints
- elevation of scapula @ STJ
- extension of neck @ spinal joints
- downward rotation of scapula @ STJ
What is the origin of pectoralis minor?
3-5 ribs
What is the insertion of the pectoralis minor
coracoid process of scapula
What are the functions of pectoralis minor?
- protraction of scapula @ STJ
- downward rotation of scapula @ STJ
- Elevation of ribs during forced inhalation @ Sternocostal and costovertebral joitns
- depression of scapula @ STJ
What is the origin of subclavius?
rib 1
What is the insertion of subclavius
subclavian groove of claviclea
What are the functions of the subclavius
- depression of clavicle @ sternoclavicular and acromioclavicular joints
- protraction of clavicle
- elevates rib 1 @ sternocoastal and costovertebral joint
What is the origin of the serratus anterior?
ribs 1-9
What is the insertion of the serratus anterior
anterior surface of vertebral border of scapula
What are the functions of the serratus anterior
protraction and upward rotation of scapula @ STJ
What is the origin of the pectoralis major
medial 1/2 of clavicle and sternum and costal cartilages 1-7
What is the insertion of the pectoralis major
lateral lip of bicipital groove of humerus
What are the functions of the pectoralis major
adduction, horizontal adduction, medial rotation, flexion of arm @GHJ
What is the origin of the latissimus dorsi?
SP of T7-L5, crests of ilium and sacrum, ribs 9-12
What is the insertion of the latissimus dorsi?
floor of bicipital groove
What are the functions of the latissimus dorsi?
medial rotation, extension, adduction of arm @ GHJ; anterior tilt of pelvis @ lumbosacral joint
What is the origin of the delotid?
ant: lateral clavicle, lat: acomion, post: spine of scapula
What is the insertion of the deltoid
deltoid tuberosity of humerus
What are the functions of the deltoid?
abduction, horizontal adduction, medial rotation, flexion, lateral rotation, extension and horizontal abduction of arm @ GHJ
What is the origin of the subscapularis
subscapular fossa
What is the insertion of the subscapularis
lesser tubercle of humerus
What are the functions of subscapularis
medial rotation of arm @ GHJ
What is the origin of infraspinatus
infraspinous fossa of scapula
What is the insertion of the infraspinatus
middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus
What are the functions of the infraspinatus
lateral rotation of arm @ GHJ
What is the origin of teres minor
superior lateral border of scapula
What is the insertion of the teres minor
inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
What are the functions of the teres minor
lateral rotation of arm @ GHJ
What is the origin of the supraspinatus
supraspinous fossa of scapula
What is the insertion of the supraspinatus
superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
What are the functions of supraspinatus
abduction of arm @ GHJ
What is the origin of teres major?
inferior lateral border of scapula
What is the insertion of teres major
medial lip of bicipital groove
What are the actions of the teres major
medial rotation, adduction, extension of arm @ GHJ
What is the origin of biceps brachii
short: coacoid process; long: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
What is the insertion of the biceps brachii
radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeourosis
What are the functions of biceps brachii
flexion of arm @ GHJ and forearm @ elbow joint, supination of forearm @ radioulnar joints
What is the origin of the coracobrachialis
coracoid process of scapula
What is the insertion of coracobrachialis
middle portion of medial surface of humerus
What are the functions of coracobrachialis
flexion and adduction of arm @ gHJ
What is the origin of the brachialis?
distal half of the anterior surface of the humerus
What is the insertion of the brachialis
ulnar tuberosity and coronoid process of ulna
What are the functions of the brachialis
flexion of forearm @ elbow joint
What is the origin of the triceps brachii
long: infraglenoid tubercle; lat: superior to radial groove; med:inferior to radial groove
What is the insertion of the triceps brachii
olecranon
What is the functions of triceps brachii
ext of arm @ GHJ, ext of forearm @ elbow joint
What is the origin of pronator teres
humeral: medial epicondyle via common flexor tendon; ulnar: coronoid process of ulna
What is the insertion of pronator teres?
pronator tubercle of radius
What are the functions of pronator teres
pronation of forearm @ radioulnar joints, weak flexion of forearm @ elbow joint
What is the origin of flexor carpi radialis
medial epicondyle via common extensor tendon
What is the insertion of flexor carpi radialis
base and 2nd and 3rd metacarpals
What is the functions of flexor carpi radialis
flexion and radial deviation of hand @ wrist joint, weak flexion of forearm @ elbow joint
What is the origin of palmaris longus
med epicondyle via common extensor tendon
What is the insertion of the palmaris longus
flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeourosis
What are the functions of he palmaris longus
flexion of hand @ wrist joint, weak flexion of forearm @ elbow joint
What is the origin of the flexor carpi ulnaris
medial epicondyle via common flexor tendon, medial olecranon, superior posterior border of ulna
What is the insertion of the flexor carpi ulnaris
base of 5th metacarpal, hook of hamete, pisiform
What are the functions of flexor carpi ulnaris
flexion and ulnar deviation of hand @ wrist joint, weak flexion of forearm @ elbow joint
What is the origin of the brachioradialis?
proximal 1/3 of lateral supracondylar ridge
What is the insertion of the brachioradialis?
superior to styloid process of radius
What are the functions of brachioradialis?
flexion of forearm @ elbow joint
What is the origin of the extensor carpi radialis longus?
distal 1/3 of lateral supracondylar ride
What is the insertion of the extensor carpi radialis longus?!
base of second metacarpal
What are the functions of the extensor carpi radialis longus?
extension and radial deviation of hand @ wrist joint
What is the origin of the extensor carpi radialis brevis
lateral epicondyle via common extensor tendon
What is the insertion of the extensor carpi radialis brevis
base of third metacarpal
What are the functions of the extensor carpi radialis brevis
extension and radial deviation of hand @ wrist joint
What is the origin of the extensor digitorum?
lateral epicondyle via common extensor tendon
What is the insertion of the extensor digitorum
distal and middle phalanges of digits 2-5 via their extensor hoods
What are the functions of the extensor digitorum?
extension of digits 2-5 @ CMP, PIP, DIP; weak ext of forearm @ elbow joint, extension of hand @ wrist joint
What is the origin of the extensor digiti minimi
lateral epicondyle of humerus via common extensor tendon
What is the insertion of the extensor digiti minimi
middle and distal phalanges of pinkie via its extensor hood
What are the functions of the extensor digiti minimi
ext of pinking @ MCP, PIP, DIP; ext of hand @ wrist joint; weak extension of forearm @ elbow joint
What is the origin of the extensor carpi ulnaris?
lateral epicondyle of humerus via common extensor tendon, middle posterior border of ulna
What is the insertion of the extensor carpi ulnaris
base of 5th metacarpa
What are the functions of the extensor carpi ulnaris?
extension, ulnar deviation of hand @ wrist joint, extension of forearm @ elbow joint
What is the origin of the anconeus
lateral epicondyle of humerus NOT VIA COMMON EXTENSOR TENDON
What is the insertion of the anconeus
lateral side of olecranon and proximal 1/4 of posterior surface of shaft of ulna
What are the functions of the anconeus
extension of forearm @ elbow joint
What is the origin of the supinator?
supinator crest of ulna, lateral epicondyle of humerus
What is the insertion of the supinator
proximal of lateral surface of radius
What is the functions of the supinator
supination of forearm @ radioulnar joints
