Midterm: Federalism Flashcards
3 Ways Nations are Formed
Federalism, Unitary, Confederation
Federalism
2 or more levels of government - formal authority over same area/people
Unitary
all power = central government, can legally create, change, abolish local governments
Confederation
very weak national government, all power = states
10th Amendment
states rights, powers not delegated to national government by constitution reserved for states
Supremacy Clause
the constitution and federal law are the highest power in the US
McCulloch vs Maryland
development of constitution law, congress can create a bank, states can’t tax national government, showed how the federal govt. is stronger than the state govt.
Grants in Aid
financial help given from one govt. to another or group in order to help with things such as schools, hospitals, healthcare, etc.
Fiscal Federalism
the state government and national government share tax in order to make sure that everyone’s needs are taken care of
Necessary and Proper Clause
allows for congress to create laws in order to make their job easier
Dual Federalism
“layer cake federalism”
obvious separation between national state and local gov
Cooperative Federalism
“Marble Cake federalism”
allows for powers to work together
National Laboratories
- test policies
- most national policies begin in states
- local issues become national when states aren’t happy
Devolution
when powers that belong to higher levels of government are given to lower levels of govt usually happens from national level to state or local level
- usually happens when state or local govt need more power in decision making
Intergovernmental Relations
- all interactions between govts within federal system
- decentralize American politics
- how different levels of govt communicate with each other
