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CONTEMPORARY WORLD > MIDTERM EXAM > Flashcards

MIDTERM EXAM Flashcards

1
Q

Wider gap between the rich and poor countries - poor countries become ______; rich countries become _______.

A

poorer, richer

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2
Q

How many individuals live in extreme poverty?

A

800 million individuals

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3
Q

People who live in extreme poverty are mostly in what areas?

A

Africa, Asia, and Latin America

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4
Q

Global Divides: East and the West. True or False?

A

False. North and the South

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5
Q

What was the reason for the creation of two different worlds; North and South.

A

Unfair distribution of global wealth and income.

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6
Q

North: poor; South: rich. True or False?

A

False. North: rich ; South: poor.

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7
Q

What world has not been able to eliminate poverty, hunger, disease, squalor, and ignorance?

A

The poor world, South.

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8
Q

How many percent of the manufacturing industry is located in the North?

A

90%

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9
Q

Are the countries of the South are economically dependent on the North? True or False. If so, how?

A

True. Countries of the south offer the raw materials and labour to the North, then become the consumer of the finished product( on a higher price).

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10
Q

Most countries of the South were colonies of the North. True or False.

A

True

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11
Q

Also known as world politics.

A

Global politics

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12
Q

It names both the disciple that studies the political and economic patters of the world and the field that is being studied.

A

Global politics

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13
Q

global means ______, having planetary (not merely regional or national).

A

worldwide

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14
Q

It refers to the politics that is conducted at a global rather than national significance. For example, UN has universal membership.

A

Global politics

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15
Q

What is the second meaning of Global politics?

A

Global means comprehensive, it refers to all the elements within a system, not just to the system as a whole.

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16
Q

What should be described to International politics?

A

inner-state politics

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17
Q

What are the four qualities that a state must possess?

A

a defined territory
a permanent population
an effective government
the capacity to enter into relations with other states

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18
Q

Since when that the states were taken on world stage?

A

since the Peace of Westphalia (1648)

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19
Q

States are not the only significant actors on the world stage anymore, what else?

A

Transnational corporations (TNC)
Non-governmental organizations (NGOs)
other-state bodies influence politics.

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20
Q

Since states are not the only actors in the world stage anymore, can TNC or NGO rival the state’s coercive power?

A

No.

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21
Q

What were the 3 contemporary and central phenomena that changed the International order?

A
  • the fall of the Berlin wall. (1989)
  • the attack on the New York World Trade Center’s twin towers. (2001)
  • crash of wall street (2008)
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22
Q

When did the International order created that was changed by the 3 contemporary and central phenomena?

A

after the World War 2

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23
Q

The forms of politics are all about what?

A

Power

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24
Q

A movement towards political cooperation among transnational actors, aimed at negotiating responses to problems that affects more than one state or region.

A

Global governance

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25
Q

What countries have accepted constitutionalism, division of power, political parties, a competitive election system, freedom of the press, the protection of civil rights and freedom of assembly.

A

Poland, Hungary, and Czechoslovakia

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26
Q

What are the goals of global governance?

A

Provide global public goods, particularly peace and security, justice and mediation systems for conflict, functioning markets and unified standards for trade and industry.

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27
Q

How many members does UN currently have?

A

193 members

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28
Q

What is the leading institution in charge of global governance?

A

The UN

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29
Q

To preserve a global security is UN’s main mandate. True or False?

A

True. Through the UN’s Security Council, UN’s main mandate is to preserve a global security.

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30
Q

A product of economic interaction, not a political planning.

A

Asian Regionalism

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31
Q

Using outward oriented growth strategies, ________economies have grown richer, and closer.

A

Asian

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32
Q

People’s Republic of China (PRC) & India and the region in global economy.

A

They strengthened ties among Asian Regionalism.

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33
Q

In the early stages of Asia’s economic take off, East Asian economies focused on what?

A

exporting to developed country markets.

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34
Q

In the early stages of Asia’s economic take off, regional integration proceeded slowly. True or False?

A

True.

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35
Q

Who compared the pattern of development of the East Asian countries to flying geese?

A

The Japanese economist, Akamatsu (1962)

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36
Q

In this model described by Akamatsu, what was the reason why economies moved in formation?

A

It is not because they were directly linked to each other, but because they followed the same path.

37
Q

What was the reason why Asian economies did not initially yield strong economic links within Asia itself?

A

Because the economic developments paths were hinged on sequential- and sometimes competing- ties to markets outside the region.

38
Q

By the mid- 1990s , the PRC accounted for ___% of Asian trade and ___% of the region’s foreign direct investments.

A

20% and 70%

39
Q

FDI stands for?

A

Foreign Direct Investments

40
Q

The growth of PRC helped to catalyse the development of regional production networks. True or False?

A

True

41
Q

Not natural, but constructed, and defined by policymakers, economic actors, and even social movements.

A

Regions

42
Q

group of countries located in the same geographically specified area or an amalgamation of two regions .

A

Regions

43
Q

Refers to the regional concentration of economic flows.

A

Regionalization

44
Q

It is a political process characterized by economic policy cooperation among countries.

A

Regionalism

45
Q

Why countries form regional associations?

A
  • military defense (NATO)
  • to pool resources, get better returns for their exports, and expand their leverage against trading partners (OPEC)
  • to protect their independence from the pressures of superpower politics
  • economic crises compels countries to come together.
46
Q

What does OPEC stands for?

A

Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries

47
Q

What does NATO stands for?

A

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization

48
Q

What does ASEAN stands for?

A

Association of Southeast Asian Nations

49
Q

What are the contemporary challenges to Regionalism?

A
  • resurgence of militant nationalism
  • financial crisis
  • contries’ disagreement whether which country should sacrifice their sovereignty
  • differing visions of what regionalism should be.
50
Q

What is the meaning of militant nationalism?

A

Militant nationalism basically means loving one’s own country and hating the others. This is the emotion behind the first world war.

51
Q

A set of beliefs and practices which help human beings in achieving mental harmony with greater powers.

A

Religion

52
Q

Religion is a unified set of beliefs and practices related to sacred things.

A

“Religion”, according to Emile Durkheim, a French Sociologist

53
Q

He defined religion as a system of symbols which acts to establish power in men.

A

Clifford Geertz

54
Q

What is the largest religion of the world in terms of number of adherents and geographical spread?

A

Christianity

55
Q

When did Christianity originated as a movement within Judaism or as Jewish sect in Roman province?

A

1st Century A.D.

56
Q

When did Christianity emerge as State religion of Roman empire?

A

by the end of 4th Century

57
Q

Much more than culture, _______ has the most difficult relationship with globalism?

A

Religion

58
Q

Places value on material wealth

A

Globalism

59
Q

Religion: Follows divine commandments;
Globalism: Abides by human laws.
True or False?

A

True

60
Q

Refers to how much of human action can lead to the highest material satisfaction that this new status produces.

A

Yardstick

61
Q

Who/ What defines and judges human action in moral terms ( good vs bad)?

A

God, Allah, or Yahweh

62
Q

What is the main duty of a person in terms in religion?

A

Live a virtuous, sinless life such that it is assured that s/he has a place in the other world.

63
Q

They detests politics and the quest for power for they are the evidence of humanity’s weakness.

A

The religious

64
Q

It is a form of globalization, spreading of holy ideas globally (ideoscape).

A

Religious Evangelization

65
Q

Who wish to spread goods and services and is focused on markets?

A

The globalists

66
Q

Contemporary world is religious with proliferation of major religious traditions . What are they?

A

Christianity
Islam
Judaism
Hinduism
Buddhism
Confucianism

67
Q

The foundation of modern republics.

A

Religions

68
Q

What is the superior form of government because it is spiritual?

A

Islamic Rule. based on Khomeini of Iran

69
Q

_____ and _____ see globalization less as an obstacle and more as an opportunity to expand their reach.

A

Christianity and Islam

70
Q

What is the muslim association in Indonesia that has Islamic schools where students are taught not only Islam but also about modern science and such?

A

Nahdlatul Ulama

71
Q

It entails the spread of various cultures; involves the spread of ideas.

A

Globalization

72
Q

Means of conveying something, such as channel or communication.

A

Media

73
Q

One of the oldest and basic forms of communication.

A

Print Media

74
Q

What are the 3 types of media?

A

Print Media
Broadcast Media
Digital Media

75
Q

The distribution of audio or video content to a dispersed audience via any electronic mass communications medium, but typically one using the electromagnetic spectrum.

A

Broadcast Media

76
Q

Any media that are encoded in machine-readable formats. Viewed, modified, and preserved on digital electronic devices.

A

Digital Media

77
Q

Worldwide integration of media through the cross-cultural exchange of ideas.

A

Media globalization

78
Q

Cross cultural dev’t & exchange of technology.

A

Technological globalization

79
Q

A euphemism for “Western cultural imperialism” since it promotes “homogenized, Westernized, consumer culture”.

A

Cultural globalization

80
Q

Can be defined as a doctrine, political strategy, or advocacy that consists in extending power by territorial acquisition.

A

Imperialism

81
Q

The promotion and imposition of a politically powerful culture over a less powerful nation.

A

Cultural Imperialism

82
Q

Media Imperialism has a much wider scope than cultural imperialism. True or False?

A

False. Cultural Imperialism bas a much wider scope.

83
Q

The over-concentration of mass media from larger nations, negatively affecting less powerful nations.

A

Media Imperialism

84
Q

Cultural Imperialism take various form such as?

A

Formal policy, media, attitudes or military action

85
Q

Media Imperialism mainly takes place through

A

mass media, e.g., news channels, western movies, etc.

86
Q

What are 5 ways to spot disinformation online?

A
  • Is it this the original account, or piece of content? (fact-check)
  • Who shared…
  • When was the news created.. (
  • What account is sharing, could it be a bot? (find out about the other socials of the sharer. )
  • Why was the post shared? (inspect the content)
87
Q

Religious movements do not hesitate to appropriate secular themes and practices. True or False?

A

True

88
Q

Media globalization is a one directional process. True or False?

A

False. People are active on “meaning-making process”, may interpret the media messages in several ways depending on their perspectives.

CONTEMPORARY WORLD (3 decks)

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