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Semester 2 Dental Materials > Midterm Exam > Flashcards

Midterm Exam Flashcards

1
Q

positive copt of structure that results when stone is poured into an alginate impression

A

cast

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2
Q

used for a restoration or appliance fabrication

A

cast

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3
Q

completed stone casts are used to study the size and position of intra-oral tissues

A

model

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4
Q

used to treatment plan and observe treatment progress

A

model

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5
Q

a working replica of a single tooth

A

die

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6
Q

restorations that are constructed directly in the oral cavity

A

direct

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7
Q

are composites and amalgams direct or indirect

A

direct

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8
Q

are glass ionomers and other cements that set while in the mouth direct or indirect

A

direct

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9
Q

materials fabricated outside of the mouth

A

indirect

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10
Q

are crowns, inlays, and onlays direct or indirect

A

indirect

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11
Q

Evaluates dental drugs, materials, instruments, and equipment

A

ADA

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12
Q

successful evaluation of dental drugs, materials, instruments, or equipment

A

ADA seal

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13
Q

is the ADA seal required for dental products

A

no

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14
Q

has the authority to ensure safety of all medical devices

A

FDA

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15
Q

least regulated, only good manufacturing is required (prophy paste and brushes)

A

class I medical device

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16
Q

gain FDA approval after being shown to be equivalent to products currently in use (composite and amalgam)

A

class II medical device

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17
Q

most regulated; require premarket approval by the FDA (bone graft material)

A

class III medical device

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18
Q

approved products are marked with a certain symbol on their packaging from this group

A

ISO

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19
Q

what are the three medical device categories

A

use, location of fabrication, and longevity of use

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20
Q

materials used to replace lost tissue

A

restorative materials

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21
Q

restorative material that simulate the appearance of what they are replacing

A

esthetic materials

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22
Q

what are the three longevity of uses

A

permanent, temporary, or interim

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23
Q

ability of a material to absorb energy without becoming deformed

A

resilience

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24
Q

the ability of a material to resist destruction under the action of external force

A

strength

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25
Q

the force that develops in a loaded object

A

stress

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26
Q

pushing/crushing stress

A

compression

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27
Q

pulling stress

A

tension

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28
Q

sliding stress

A

shear

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29
Q

twisting stress

A

torsion

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30
Q

compression + tension stress

A

bending

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31
Q

change in length divided by original length

A

strain

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32
Q

results when an electron is given up by an atom and accepted by another

A

ionic bond

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33
Q

when two atoms share a pair of electrons

A

covalent bond

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34
Q

the result of partial charges from an uneven distribution of electrons

A

secondary bond

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35
Q

what are the types of secondary bonds

A

permanent dipoles
hydrogen bonds
fluctuating dipoles

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36
Q

weak bond by they have a significant effect on the behavior of many materials

A

permanent dipoles

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37
Q

strongest secondary bond

A

hydrogen bonds

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38
Q

weakest secondary bond

A

fluctuating dipoles

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39
Q

sharing many electrons by all the atoms in the material

A

metallic bond

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40
Q

a type of colloid made of two liquids that do not blend

A

emulsion

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41
Q

a liquid mixture which the solute in uniformly distributed within the solvent

A

solution

42
Q

abrasion resistance; the ability of a material to resist scratching or indentation

A

hardness

43
Q

amount of energy required to melt a material

A

heat of fusion

44
Q

a measure of change in volume in relation to change in temperature

A

coefficient of thermal expansion

45
Q

amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of a material

A

heat capacity

46
Q

rate of heat flow through a material

A

thermal conductivity

47
Q

the contraction of a gel accompanied by the separating out of a liquid

A

syneresis

48
Q

measure of liquids ability to flow

A

viscosity

49
Q

the absorption of one substance by another

A

imbibition

50
Q

reaching gel state

A

gelation

51
Q

increase wetting and reduce bubbles in the stone when the impression is poured up

A

surfactants

52
Q

rotating the bowl in one hand and pressing the spatula flat against the side of the bowl

A

spatulation

53
Q

motion used during spatulation

A

stropping

54
Q

melting and gelling at different temperatures

A

hysteresis

55
Q

viscous liquid state

A

sol

56
Q

amount of material that is in a liquid such as water

A

solubility

57
Q

the ability of a material to expand from its original shape when a force is applied, and ability to contract back into that shape when the force is released

A

elasticity

58
Q

the time from the beginning of mixing the powder with water until material hardens

A

mixing time

59
Q

length of time from the start of the mix until the setting mass reaches a semi-hard stage

A

working time

60
Q

length of time from the start of the mix until the setting mass becomes rigid and can be separated from the impression

A

setting time

61
Q

what are the types of inelastic impression materials

A

plaster
wax
zinc oxide eugenol

62
Q

what are the types of aqueous elastomeric impression materials

A

alginate and agar

63
Q

irreversible hydrocolloid

A

algiante

64
Q

how does alginate set

A

chemical reaction

65
Q

reversible hydrocolloid

A

agar

66
Q

how does agar reach gelation

A

temperature changes

67
Q

what are the types of non aqueous elastomeric impression materials

A

polysulfides
condensation silicones
polyethers
and addition silicones

68
Q

what is the by product of polysulfides

A

water

69
Q

what is the by-product of condensation silicones

A

alcohol

70
Q

how do addition silicones set

A

addition polymerization

71
Q

how do polyethers set

A

cationic polymerization

72
Q

how do condensation silicones set

A

condensation polymerization

73
Q

how do polysulfides set

A

condensation polymerization

74
Q

what has surfactants added to them

A

addition silicones

75
Q

speeds up reaction; warm water; potassium sulfate

A

accelerator

76
Q

slows down reaction; cooler water; borax

A

retardeer

77
Q

gypsum is a mineral ground and heated to drive out water particles through a process called _________

A

calcination

78
Q

what’s the weakest type of gypsum

A

plaster

79
Q

what type of hemihydrate is plaster

A

B

80
Q

what type of hemihydrate is stone

A

A

81
Q

what type of hemihydrate is improved stone

A

A

82
Q

what is the measurement for improved stone

A

19-24 ml/100g

83
Q

what is the measurement for stone

A

28-30 ml/100g

84
Q

what is the measurement for plaster

A

45-50 ml/100g

85
Q

the thickness of composite that is cured by a light source

A

depth of cure

86
Q

placing dental composite in layers so that we can get adequate polymerization

A

incremental addition

87
Q

what is the filler of macrofilled composites

A

quartz

88
Q

what is the particle size of macrofilled composites

A

10-25

89
Q

what percent weight and volume is the filler content of macrofilled composites

A

70-80% weight and 10-15% volume

90
Q

what is the filler in microfilled composites

A

silica

91
Q

what is the particle size in microfilled composites

A

0.04

92
Q

what is the filler content weight of microfilled composites

A

40-50% weight

93
Q

what are microfilled composites used for

A

esthetics

94
Q

what is the particle size of hybrid composites

A

0.6-1

95
Q

what is the filler content weight of hybrid composites

A

75-80% weight

96
Q

what type of composites are strong and abrasion resistant

A

hybrid

97
Q

what class restorations are hybrid composites used for

A

III or IV

98
Q

lower filler content = lower viscosity = more flowable

A

flowable composites

99
Q

will stick to dentin before light cured

A

flowable composites

100
Q
A

Semester 2 Dental Materials (8 decks)

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