Midterm Exam Flashcards by Maddie Hoffman

artistry

the merging of the what and the how

-what structure, functions, and goals we need to address in therapy and how to use techniques, and how to get the best outcomes for our clients

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therapeutic interaction

a highly responsive and fluid exchange between clinician and clients during therapy

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information that is observable and quantifiable is considered to be…

objective

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therapeutic mindset includes:

interaction, anticipation, and evaluation

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therapeutic mindset

involves mental disposition and attitude that predetermines the SLP’s responses that occur during therapy sessions

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evaluation

this involves questioning, investigating, and analayzing client responses

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what is something that could negatively impact the production of sound?

anatomical issues or physical limitations

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facilitation skills to promote or accentuate student learning, what is something you would not want to use?

direct questioning

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Nonverbal behaviors

eye contact, facial expressions/cues, proximity, and body language

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affective behaviors that are associated with thoughts related to feelings, emotions, mood, and temperate?

both

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time on task

time spent actively engaged in learning the task at hand (minutes matter mindset)

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therapeutic process

this involves using broad-based professional procedures, activities, and interactions with clients

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trust

development of SLP’s confidence in the therapeutic process is the first step to engendering this

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a lack of confidence

feeling overwhelmed as an SLP can cause this

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trust is earned and gathered through…

the SLP’s consistent efforts in providing the highest quality and best services possible to those being served

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which of the following would not be considered an activity to foster SLP confidence?

talking to client’s peers

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Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EHA) (PL 94-142)

-the first federal law mandating free and appropriate public education for all children with disabilities

-speech impaired serving as one of the categories under which children received free, appropriate services under the prescription of an Individualized Education Plan

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EHA Amendment: Preschool and Infant/Toddler Programs (PL 99-457)

a downward extension of PL 94-142 (EHA) to include free and appropriate education for children ages 0-5 years old

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Improving America’s Schools Act (PL 103-382)

law that appropriated funds for improving education across broad parameters that included staff development and elimination of ability grouping

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IDEA Amendment: Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (PL 105-17) 1997

this extended the LRE and the consideration of AT devices on the IEP’s of all children with disabilities and added mobility and orientation services for children who are blind or visually impaired

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EHA Amendment: Individual with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) (PL 101-476) 1990

changing the name to IDEA, providing transportation services, extending eligibility to children with autism and traumatic brain injury, adding assistive technology devices and services for children with disabilities as prescribed by the IEP, and extending provisions of the least restrictive environment, the aspect of EHA, 1975 that allowed children, to the degree possible, to be educated in regular classrooms with non-disabled peers

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Goals 2000: Educate America Act (PL 103-85)

federal law that established 8 goals for education in the US

-the child’s readiness to learn; increase in high school graduation rates to 90%; achievement testing in grades 4, 8, and 12; continuous development for teachers; national prominence in math and science; adult literacy and global competence; drug-free school; and school-parent partnerships

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No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act (PL 107-110)

this legislation provides states with an opportunity to account for the adequate yearly progress (AYP) of all students enrolled in public schools

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IDEA Amendment: Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (PL 108-446) 2004

adding the concept of “highly qualified” for special education professionals, consistent with the NCBL Act of 2001, piloting the reduction of the paperwork process, extending services to mobile populations, impacting assessments to line up with the compliance to focus on student achievement rather than procedures

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You are collecting a case history on a 6 year old boy - you are interviewing parent or guardian to discuss what their concerns are and the developmental history that pertains to motor and speech skills, complications at birth, diagnoses and meds. Which model does a case history relate to?

medical model

You're doing an evaluation on a kid and collect data about how well they attend to a task; if they can attend really well for 20 minutes in the evaluation, and the informant reports the attention span is good at school but at home the child can't focus on a task for more than a few minutes, what model does this realte to?

systems model

During an assessment of artic skills, the child was able to produce plosives in the initial and medial positions, not so much in the final. With visual and verbal cues, he learns to use plosives in the final position 50% of the time. What model involves shaping with visual and verbal cues?

behavioral model

what is the preferred method of data collection?

vertical data collection

You are evaluating a 9-year-old girl who has difficulty following directions and completing homework. You gave attending diagnostics on 2 different dates, she passes screenings both days. You administer an assessment of auditory processing skills on both days. The first day her cooperation is poor and she refuses during last subtest. On the next day she is cooperative and responded well to all subtests. Results of the screenings show...

validity

this occurs when student does poorly on the first time they take a test, but the next day when they take it they do well

poor test reliability

making a suggestion to the teacher that a child has preferential seating exemplifies what theoretical model?

systems model

During observation of treatment sessions, thought /s/ in the initial position was correct and in the next session /s/ in the initial position was correct again

good interobserver/intraobserver reliability

what wouldn't be considered an advantage of using videotape recording?

equipment is available in all settings

this system is convenient to operate but may distort sound

portable audio tape recording

concurrent validity

the degree to which the measurement achieved agrees or concurs with other measurements taken ex: if you give 2 language tests would you see consistent errors on both?

predictive validity

how well the results predict how the client will perform in some other place and time in another task ex: "if they can't do this, can they do that?; sound blending errors and reading scores

horizontal data collection

data collection system that is considered shallow because too often errors are made because marking run together and you can't distinguish plus from minus

vertical data collection

data collection system that is organized and has response sheets so that data can be organized easily

explicit

type of instuction that requires clear and specific details and definitions (utterance)

implicit

type of instruction that does not require specifics (head nod, smiles, pointing)

at what age are kids most responsive to SLPs who use vocal ranges?

10 years or younger

in order to demonstrate animation you want to...

change gestures, volumes, and pitch

this seating arrangement is NOT preferred

across the table seating

therapeutic momentum

this defines the speed, thrust, and force of a therapy session

fluency

this is the smooth movement or transition in therapy

Which of the following defines an aide used to promote correct responses?

cue or prompt

extrinsic reinforcer

tokens, edibles, forms of praise are all considered to be this type of reinforcer

what is the recommended distance for SLPs with clients

lower limit of personal space

loquaciousness

the quality of being very talkative

what is considered an adequate wait time?

3-5 seconds

types of verbs used in objective statments

measurable action

types of verbs used in subjective statments

vague

list 3 types of learning modalities

visual, verbal, and touch modality

cluster seating

semicircle seating for groups in which the SLP's knees are close to the client's knees, whether sitting in chairs or sitting on the floor without a table between clinician and clients (increases intimacy and effectiveness and you can effortlessly achieve proximity)

wall-mounted mirror seating

SLP seats clients facing a large mirror mounted on the wall and the SLP site behind them

4 reasosn why we observe as SLPs

1.) as a learning tool 2.) to self-assess clinical skills 3.) to document progress 4.) to gather assessment information

proximity

the degree of closeness and physical distance between persons

intimate space

space reserved for close relationships, sharing, and comforting (up to 1.5 feet)

personal space

space designed for informal conversations between friends (1.5-4 feet)

social space

space accepted for interactions among strangers, business acquaintances, and teachers

public space

space defined as a one-way communication as exhibited by lecturers (12-25 feet)

define low limits of personal space

no more than 2 feet distance between faces

hand to chin rule

the clinicians upturned palm is extended to touch under the client's chin, there is a comforting reach without over-extending the elbow to achieve the touch

nonproductive time

time that is considered to be wastes during therapy

quick paced lessons

these refer to SLPs skilled practice of moving effectively and efficiently through the task of presenting stimuli and eliciting responses

scope

range or depth of activities in the session

alerting stimuli

various means of drawing the cleints attention to the upcoming treatment stimuli

OK syndrome

the overuse of "okay"

prompting

using special stimuli, verbal or nonverbal, to increase the probability that the client will response in desired manner

direct teaching

refers to instances when the SLPs task is to teach, instruct, or train the client in a new skill

preferred learning modality

the sensory modality through which information appears easiest to learn (visual, verbal, tactile)

stimulus presentations

methods used for presenting stimuli during therapy and they vary according to the stage of therapy being addressed

interobserver realiability

how well different judges/observers agree with each other

intraobserver reliability

how well a judge/observer agrees with themselves in repeated viewings

medical model

theoretical model that involves the classification and explanation of behaviors and symptoms

behavioral model

theoretical model that emphasizes task performances and focuses on the patient and specific behaviors as they pertain to learning

systems model

theoretical model that involves looking at the environment and the clients performance in the environment

split-half reliability

reliability that involves the internal consistency of the measurement (comparing the first half of results to the second half)

validity

involves how well or how accurately the sample measures the trait we are looking for

construct validity

how well results fit into the theoretical model

external validity

how well the performance results generalize to other settings

video recording

type of recording system that increases realiability and validity because you can see and hear it

online recording

type of recording system that is most convenient but reduces accuracy

t/f: Allowing a little more time for client to process challenging information from a therapy session will slow down a session

true

t/f: Attributes are defined as distal times, locations, or activities when the client may have encountered the item being described

false

t/f: Attributes are the primary characteristic or features of the object being described (size, shape, color, function, remote associations

true

t/f: Indirect teaching for speech-language therapy refers to instances where the SLPs task is to instruct/train client in a new skill

false

t/f: modeling refers to clinicians production of a target behavior for the client to imitate

true

t/f: shaping is a technique used for obtaining responses that are not in the clients repertoire

true

t/f: various means of drawing a client's attention to coming treatment stimuli is referred to as cueing stimuli

false

t/f: extrinsic reinforces are caused by an internal force or stimulus which involves the client wanting to learn for the sake of learning

false

Which of the following was reported to be an adequate wait time for responses

3-5 seconds

Loquaciousness

talk too much

36.) shallow data collection is also known as...?

horizontal data collection

32.) Which of the following recording systems is convenient to operate but may distort articulation

portable audio tape recording

which would not be an advantage of using a video tape recording system when collecting data?

equipment is readily available in nearly all settings

26.) percentage of accuracy??

Method used to collect data was most likely vertical data collection

37.)

vertical data collection

SOAP: the client correctly produced /z/ in the final position of single syllable words with 75% accuracy given min cues

objective

SOAP: the clients ability to correctly produce /z/ increased when provided verbal instructions for placement

assessment

SOAP: the client was plesant and engaged today. he really enjoyed Bingo.

subjective

SOAP: due to the client correctly producing /s/ in the initial position of words, next week, the complexity of this goal will be increased to correctly produce /s/ in the initial portion of words and phrases

plan

SOAP: the client continues to demonstrate multiple artic errors however improvement was noted in the independent production of /s/ in the initial position at word level when provided phonemic prompts

assessment

S/O: "The client observed colored blocks."

subjective

S/O: "The client correctly identifies colored blocks."

objective

S/O: "The client understood objects that belong to a category."

subjective

S/O: "The client orally produces pronouns in a sentence correctly."

objective

Midterm Exam Flashcards

(107 cards)