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VN 22 Med Surg 1 > Midterm-DONE > Flashcards

Midterm-DONE Flashcards

1
Q

A client is scheduled for a diagnostic test to measure blood hormone levels. The nurse expects that this test will determine what?

A

The functioning of endocrine glands

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2
Q

A nurse is assisting w/teaching a client who has a new diagnosis of severe peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

A

place both legs in a dependent position while sleeping

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3
Q

Which of the following nursing diagnoses would be most appropriate for the client w/hypothyroidism?

A

hypothermia r/t decreased metabolic rate

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4
Q

A nurse is caring for a client w/a serum calcium level of 8.0mg/dL. The nurse performs the Chovstek & Trousseau assessment & determines that both of these are positive. What condition does the nurse suspect this client has?

A

hypocalcemia

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5
Q

HTN places a client at risk for heart disease & heart failure. The nurse knows that which complication is also at risk?

A

potential for blindness & retinopathy

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6
Q

A nurse should assess for which of the following clinical manifestations in the client w/Cushing’s syndrome?

A

water retention, moon faced, hirsutism & purple striae

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7
Q

A nurse is reviewing the medication administration record of a client who has acute adrenal insufficiency (Addison’s Disease) & hyperkalemia. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse expect to be ordered?

A

-IV fluids w/0.9% NS sodium chloride
-Florinef sodium succinate (dexamethasone)
-Sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalalate)

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8
Q

The nurse is educating a client w/hypertension on a new prescription of eplerenone. What nutritional recommendations would the nurse include in the teaching for this medication?

A

Avoid potatoes and tomato soup

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9
Q

A client is to begin taking metformin after being diagnosed w/Type II diabetes. How does metformin lower blood glucose levels?

A

by lowering glucose production in the liver

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10
Q

A client is admitted to the unit w/diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Which insulin would the nurse expect to administer intravenously?

A

regular

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11
Q

A nurse is caring for a client who has nasogastric tube attached to low intermittent suction. The nurse should monitor for which of the following electrolyte imbalance?

A

hypokalemia

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12
Q

A nurse is assisting with a community education program on recommended lifestyle changes to prevent angina and myocardial infarction. Which of the following changes should the nurse recommend be made first?

A

stopping smoking, vaping or any nicotine products

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13
Q

A nurse educates a group of clients with diabetes mellitus on the prevention of diabetic complications. Which suggestion would be most important?

A

maintaining blood glucose levels w/in normal limits

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14
Q

What client education should be given to a client who was newly diagnosed w/venous insufficiency?

A

elevate the feet to promote venous circulation

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15
Q

A nurse is correct in identifying which nursing considerations when administering an ACE inhibitor (Captopril) to a client?

A

-Generic names for ACE inhibitors end in the suffix PRIL
-ACE inhibitors may cause dizziness and a dry cough
-Generic names for ACE inhibitors end in the suffix daPINE

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16
Q

Of the following clients, the one who is at the greatest risk for developing fluid volume deficit is a?

A

71 year old man unconscious and on tube feeding

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17
Q

A nurse is reviewing the manifestations of hyperthyroidism w/a client. Which of the following findings should the nurse include?

A

-weight loss
-heat intolerance

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18
Q

A client w/type 1 diabetes is to receive a short-acting insulin and an intermediate-acting insulin subcutaneously before breakfast. The nurse would administer the insulin at which site as the preferred site?

A

upper abdomen

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19
Q

A client has been taking Milk of magnesium (magnesium hydroxide) for many days because of gastric discomfort. The nurse knows the client has hypermagnesemia because of which symptoms?

A

bradycardia and hypotension

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20
Q

What is the most common cause of an MI?

A

coronary thrombosis

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21
Q

What signs and symptoms should a nurse that clients with suspected right-sided heart failure may experience?

A

gradual, unexplained weight gain

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22
Q

What should nursing students be taught is the reason for heart failure

A

the heart cannot pump sufficient blood to meet the body’s metabolic needs.

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23
Q

What is a normal calcium level?

A

9-11

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24
Q

A 64 year-old client is brought into the clinic w/thirsty, dry, sticky mucous membranes, decreased urine output, fever & rough tongue. Serum sodium level is above 149mEq/L. Should the nurse start salt tablets when caring for this client?

A

No, sodium intake should be restricted.

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25
Q

You are caring for a new client on your unit who is third-spacing fluid. You know to assess for what type of edema?

A

generalized

26
Q

Your client has a diagnosis of hypervolemia. What would be an important intervention that a nurse should initiate?

A

limit sodium and water intake.

27
Q

The cardiac nurse clinician is teaching a group of clients w/HF about self-management of their disease. What dietary advise should the nurse clinician give to clients w/severe HF until edema resolves?

A

avoid the intake of processed & commercially prepared foods.

28
Q

A nurse is collecting data from a client who has diabetic ketoacidosis & ketones in the urine. The nurse should expect which of the following findings?

A

-Kussmaul respirations
-fruity odor of breath
-abdominal pain
-hunger

29
Q

A client who was IV prednisone (Solumedrol) is now being discharged from the hospital w/a new prescription for oral dexamethasone. The provider’s order advises to gradually taper the doses down. What complication might occur if the client stops taking the prednisone abruptly?

A

addisonian crisis

30
Q

A client has been diagnosed w/hyperthyroidism. Which of the following medications would the nurse anticipate the provider to order for this client?

A

-methamazole
-propranolol

31
Q

A nurse is collecting data from a client who has hyperkalemia. The nurse should identify which conditions as being associated w/this electrolyte imbalance?

A

Diabetic ketoacidosis

32
Q

The nurse is providing information about foot care to a client w/diabetes. Which of the following would the nurse include?

A

Be sure to apply a moisturizer to feet daily

33
Q

A nurse is reinforcing discharge instructions w/a client who has diabetic ketoacidosis. Which of the following information should the nurse include about preventing DKA?

A

-Drinking 2L of fluids daily
-Monitor blood glucose closely when ill
-Report ketones in the urine after 24hrs of illness
-Administer insulin as prescribed when ill

34
Q

Which food or beverage items listed below are good sources of Potassium?

A

-Orange juice
-cantaloupe
-yogurt
-bananas

35
Q

When assessing your client, you note a BP OF 205/115. The client has had BP’s within normal limits up until this time. The client complains of a sudden onset severe headache. The nurse recognizes this as probable Malignant HTN. What would be the nurse’s FIRST action?

A

notify the physician immediately

36
Q

What should a nurse ask a client w/HF to asses for nocturnal dyspnea?

A

asking how many pillows the client normally uses for sleep

37
Q

Why would it be important for a nurse to closely monitor an older adult receiving a cardiac glycoside for cardiac disorders

A

older adults are at increased risk for digoxin toxicity

38
Q

What is an appropriate nursing action when assessing a client at risk for a deep vein thrombosis?

A

Examine the extremities and assess skin color, capillary refill time, and tissue integrity.

39
Q

A provider has ordered IV fluids of normal saline to be hung at 100mL/HR. You know that this is what type of IV solution?

A

crystalloid

40
Q

What condition is the most common fluid imbalance in order adults?

A

dehydration

41
Q

Which of the following specific drugs may contribute to malignant hypertension?

A

-oral contraceptives
-cocaine
-amphetamines
-MAOIs

42
Q

A nurse suspects a client is experiencing hypercalcemia. The lab results return and show the calcium level is 12mg/dL. What signs lead the nurse to suspect the client is experiencing hypercalcemia?

A

-weight gain
-deep bone pain
-constipation

43
Q

When administering insulin to a client w/type I diabetes, which would be most important for the nurse to keep in mind for insulin administration?

A

-type of insulin administered
-duration of the insulin
-accuracy of the dosage

44
Q

What is a characteristic of atherosclerosis?

A

Fatty deposits in the lumen of arteries

45
Q

What is an appropriate nursing action when evaluating a client w/coronary artery disease (CAD)?

A

Assess the characteristics of chest pain

46
Q

When assessing a client w/a deep vein thrombosis, what would be the most important to assess for?

A

Chest pain and dyspnea

47
Q

What finding indicates a possible deep vein thrombosis?

A

pain in the calf

48
Q

What is the definition of arteriosclerosis?

A

arteriosclerosis is a loss of elasticity or hardening of the arteries that happens as we age

49
Q

Which of the following medications would the nurse expect the physician to order for a client w/hypothyroidism?

A

Levothryoxine

50
Q

A client has just been diagnosed w/prehypertension. What would the nurse instruct this client to do to restore his BP below hypertensive levels?

A

decrease sodium intake

51
Q

A nurse is caring for a client who walks into the clinic and is exhibiting symptoms of tachypnea & circumoral parasthesia. What should be the nurse’s first course of action?

A

determine & correct the cause of tachypnea

52
Q

What effect should a nurse carefully monitor for a client who has been using non-narcotic analgesics daily over an extended period?

A

gastrointestinal bleeding

53
Q

A client is found to be unresponsive & hypoglycemic w/a blood sugar of 30mg/dL. What would the nurse expect the provider to order first?

A

order 50% glucose IV to be given immediately

54
Q

A nurse is collecting data from a client who recently began taking levothyroxine to treat hypothyroidism. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client might need a decrease in dosage of this medication?

A

hand tremors

55
Q

A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who has just been diagnosed w/an aneurysm. What advice should the nurse provide to this client?

A

Avoid straining during bowel movements and coughing

56
Q

What nursing intervention should a student nurse perform to ensure that the client does not suffer any injury due to a client recently diagnosed w/HTN?

A

monitor postural changes and measure orthostatic BP

57
Q

What type of fluid is used to replace circulating blood?

A

colloid

58
Q

A nurse is discussing HF to a local community group. What would the nurse explain is the major cause of right-sided HF?

A

left sided HF

59
Q

You are caring for a client that has been admitted w/a possible clotting disorder. The client is complaining of excessive bleeding & bruising w/out cause. You that you should take extra care to check for signs of bruising or bleeding in what condition?

A

hypocalcemia

60
Q

A nurse is collecting data from a client who is suspected of having an endocrine disorder and is scheduled for diagnostic testing that involves the use of a contrast medium. The nurse would inform the physician if the client stated which of the following?

A

“i have an allergy to iodine”

61
Q

You are caring for a client who is NPO and is going into surgery. What solution is administered to maintain fluid balance when a client is unable to eat or drink temporarily?

A

isotonic solution

VN 22 Med Surg 1 (15 decks)

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