Midterm definitions

Question 1

SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY

Answer 1

The scientific study of how individuals’ thoughts, feelings, and behaviour are influenced by the real or imagined presence of others

Question 2

Person variables

Answer 2

Ideology temperament and personality

Question 3

Situation variables

Answer 3

Culture social norms etc

Question 4

SCIENTIFIC Study

Answer 4

relies on the scientific method

Question 5

THE INDIVIDUAL

Answer 5

Focus is on the individual’s construal of specific events, their thoughts, feelings, behaviors

Question 6

THOUGHTS, FEELINGS AND BEHAVIOR

Answer 6

ABC

Affect toward self, others, or various issues. Affect = feelings / attitude
Behaviours across a range of domains. i.e., aggression, helping behavior

Cognitions about the self, others, or various issues.How we think

Question 7

First experiment considered to be Norman Triplett’s results

Answer 7

e made their performance better.

Question 8

Milgram’s work on obedience to authority led to expansion and enthusiasm within the field. But it also led

Answer 8

debate on ethics of social psychological research and the dominance of experimentation in the field

Question 9

Integrating emotion

Answer 9

automatic vs. controlled processes

Question 10

Conceptual variable

Answer 10

abstract concept one may attempt to measure

Question 11

Operational definition

Answer 11

how conceptual variable will be manipulated or measured

Question 12

Descriptive Research

Answer 12

describe people and their thoughts, feelings, and behaviours. And Discovers trends and tendencies

Question 13

Descriptive approachs

Answer 13

oObservational studies (of what is naturalistically occurring). oArchival studies. oSurveys – importance of random sampling

Question 14

Correlational research

Answer 14

to learn about the relationship between two or more variables

Question 15

Correlatin Advantages

Answer 15

an study the associations of naturally occurring variables that cannot be manipulated or induced.

Can examine phenomena difficult or unethical to create for research purposes.

Offers freedom in settings in which the variables are measured

Question 16

Explaining Correlations

Answer 16

A causes changes in B (i.e., A (video games) -> B (aggression)) oB causes changes in A (i.e., B (aggression) -> A (video games)) oC causes changes in both A and B (i.e., C (family troubles) -> A (video games); C (family troubles) -> B (aggression))

Question 17

Exsperments

Answer 17

to examine cause-and-effect relationships

Question 18

essential characteristics of an experiment

Answer 18

oResearcher has control over the experimental procedures
oParticipants randomly assigned to different treatment conditions

Question 19

Variables

Answer 19

Any characteristic of an object, event, or a person which can take two or more values

Question 20

Independent Variables:

Answer 20

The factors experimenters manipulate to see if they affect the dependent variable

Question 21

Dependent Variables

Answer 21

The factors experimenters measure to see if they are affected by the independent variabl

Question 22

Subject Variables

Answer 22

characterize pre-existing differences among study participants (e.g., gender, race, culture, etc

Question 23

different topics require

Answer 23

different types of research strategies

Question 24

Relative to experimental studies, the primary disadvantage of correlation studies is

Answer 24

cause and effect cannot be determined with them.