Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

One hazard of relying too heavily on intuitions, popular idioms, or “common sense” to predict human behavior is that?

A

“common sense” is only accurate sometimes and is frequently wrong or oversimplified

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2
Q

Relative to experimental studies, the primary disadvantage of correlation studies is that

A

cause and effect cannot be determined with them

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3
Q

Achieving _________ is typically more of a challenge in a field study than in a laboratory study

A

high internal validity

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4
Q

Research suggests that one problem concerning self-assessment is that people tend to

A

overestimate their own skills, prospects for success, and opinion accuracy

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5
Q

Wendy wants to study how easily people make friends. She assigns people to talk with a stranger

A

Wendy did not use random assignment

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6
Q

In an experiment, the independent variable is _______ while the dependent variable is

A

manipulated; measure

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7
Q

To examine the impact of mood on prosocial behaviour, Leila had participantswatch a video intended to put them in either a positive or neutral mood before asking them to make a donation to a fictitious charity. operational dependent variable in this study is

A

donation to charity

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8
Q

Which of the following indicates the strongest meaningful correlation between two variables

A

Fi 0.8

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9
Q

Bernie considers intelligence to be an important part of his self-concept, and he feels that he is

A

schematic with respect to intelligence

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10
Q

Prior to the championship basketball game, Jocelyn reminds everyone that she really isn’t as good a player as everyone thinks, that their opponent has had an undefeated season, and that it is unlikely she and her teammates will triumph. Jocelyn is engaging in

A

Sandbagging

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11
Q

According to self-perception theory, when people are uncertain about their thoughts or feelings regarding an activity, they wil

A

infer their thoughts and feelings regarding that activity from their behaviour

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12
Q

Rebecca fills out a survey in which she asserts complete agreement with the statement, “I enjoy being unique and different from others.” With which cultural orientation does she most likely identify

A

Individualism

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13
Q

Social psychology differs from history and philosophy in its

A

attention to the scientific method

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14
Q

Motivation that is driven by rewards and punishments is called

A

extrinsic motivation

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15
Q

Bill’s belief that all African Americans are good at sports exemplifies __________. Bill’s refusal to hire African Americans exemplifies ____________

A

Stereotyping discrimination

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16
Q

Research on stereotype threat indicates that

A

one does not have to personally believe the stereotype for it to negatively impact performance

17
Q

When we are eager to seek information that verifies our beliefs but less inclined to seek evidence that might disprove our beliefs, _______ has occurred

A

confirmation bias

18
Q

Carlos is nervous about giving a class presentation because he doesn’t think he can communicate very well with everyone watching him. If Carlos attempts to deal with his anxiety

A

stay out all night partying the night before the presentation

19
Q

The tendency to perceive members of an outgroup as less variable, or more similar to one another, than members of the ingroup is called the

A

outgroup homogeneity effect

20
Q

In research on New Zealand national identity, Sibley and colleagues (Sibley &Liu, 2007; Harding et al., 2011; Sibley & Barlow, 2009) find that European New Zealanders tend to:

A

implicitly and explicitly associate both European New Zealanders and Maori as defining of the national identity, while implicitly and explicitly perceiving Asian New Zealanders born and raised in New Zealand as more ‘foreign’

21
Q

People’s spontaneous self-descriptions are most likely to include

A

characteristics that set them apart from others in the immediate vicinity

22
Q

Counterfactual thinking is more likely when:

A

We can easily picture an alternative outcome.

23
Q

A fellow student is consistently late for class. You assume this is because he is lazy and unorganised. What type of attribution are you making for his behaviour?

A

Personal

24
Q

After reading a newspaper article about teenagers who illegally download music from the Internet, you conclude that those who engage in such behaviour are morally bankrupt. It never occurs to you that the reason teenagers download music from the Internet is because they are not able to afford the price of a compact disk, or the temptation to download, coupled with the peer pressure to do so, is often great. Your thinking on this matter can be characterised by the

A

fundamental attribution error