Midterm content

Question 1

Algorithm:

Answer 1

a precise, systematic method for producing a specified result

Question 2

• Algorithm: describes sequence of steps that is

Answer 2

Unambiguous, executable, and terminating

Question 3

Rank computer memory from fastest to slowest

Answer 3

Registers, Cace, RAM, hard drive

Question 4

Moore’s law

Answer 4

Memory on a chip (transistors) will doable every 18 months to two years. Important for processing speeds and price of computers.

Question 5

Operating system:

Answer 5

special software that allows other software to run

Question 6

How can you evaluate algorithms

Answer 6

Time, space and accuracy

Question 7

simple sort

Answer 7

14 memory slots: 42 comparisons

Question 8

Selection sort

Answer 8

8 memory slots: 21 comparisons

Question 9

insertion sort

Answer 9

8 memory slots: 21 comparisons (on average), depends on how things are organized to begin with

Question 10

Classifiers

Answer 10

an algorithm that maps the input data to a specific category - ○ derived from patterns or correlations from data

Question 11

Programs:

Answer 11

a way of encoding algorithms in a precise way for computers to understand their instructions

Question 12

High level language has:

Answer 12

Complier/Interpreter - takes high level language and translates it and
Assembler translates from assembly language to machine code (0 and 1s)

Question 13

Assembly language

Answer 13

specific to computer architecture and operating system

Question 14

Machine code

Answer 14

binary instructions that computers can respond to directly

Question 15

Algorithms are made using

Answer 15

Sequencing, selection, iteration

Question 16

Sequencing

Answer 16

Instructions in a specific order, programs will run in this order

Question 17

Selection

Answer 17

allows algorithm to select with instructions to execute depending on conditions

Question 18

Iteration

Answer 18

allows algorithm to repeat instructions - loops

Question 19

How are word files stored?

Answer 19

Not in ASCII representation, the files are zipped

Question 20

Bug

Answer 20

error or flaw in software that makes it produce wrong or unexpected results

Question 21

Colours for computer images

Answer 21

Red, green, blue

Question 22

what happens to colour as intensities increase

Answer 22

gets lighter

Question 23

Lossless compression of bitmaps

Answer 23

Preserves data; Run-length encoding - collapse runs of identical colours; □ Indexed color - build colour palette identify colour within the pallet instead of RGB

Question 24

Loses compression

Answer 24

Modify areas with similar colour to the same colour - image does not look the exact same - detectable loss of clarity

Question 25

Vector images

Answer 25

Describes each object as a sequence of dots connected by lines or a simple shape, good with hard edges but costly if there is any blur. Can be scaled to any size

Question 26

Keydrame animation

Answer 26

Animator positions creations in key frames that form an outline for important movements, in between frames are filled in: tweening