Midterm Chapter 6 Antitubercular Antibiotics to Azole Antifungal Flashcards
Bacteria Source of Rifampin
Streptomyces mediterranei
It is the most active agent againts TB
Rifampin
-Enzyme Inducer-Toxic Effect are relatively Infrequent
-Drugs taken combination with INH or ethambutol causes Higher hepatoxicty
-S/E : Reddish color body secretion and Hepatoxicity
Drugs that came from Streptomyces mediterranei
Rifampin
Rifamycins
Rifabutin
Brand Name for Rifampin
Rifadin
Rimactane
Rifampicin
In Rifampin , this drugs taken combination can cause higher hepatoxicity
INH or Ethambutol
First line Treatment for TB
(RIPES)
Rifampin
Isoniazid
Pyrazinamide
Ethambutol
Streptomycin
Standard Duration of Treatment in TB
Total Duration: 6 Months of Treatment:
————PTB= 2 Months RIPES or RIPE (Depends on Case)
————Maintenance Phase= 4 Months (R+I)
Total Duration :6 Months
Cycloserine Brand
Seromycin (R)
Clycloserine bacterial source
Streptomyces orchidaceus
Streptomyces garyphalus
Streptomyces lavendulus
Cycloserine Moa
Prevent synthesis of cross-linking peptide in formation of bacterial cell wall
Bacteria Source of Capreomycin
Streptomyces capreolus
-Only Aminogylosides used for tuberculos
-first Antibiotic effectuve treatment for TB (1944 by Waksman)
Streptomycin
First Antibiotic effective Treatment of Tuberculosis
Streptomycin
Study of fungi
Mycology
Also known as Oral Thrush
Candida albicans
Studied the Trichophyton schoenleinii (1839)
Schonlein and Gruby
Reported yeast like microorganism responsible for oral thrush
Langenbeck
Oral thrush causes by?
Candida albicans
2 types of fungal infection
Superficial mycoses
Deep-seated mycoses
-Most common Groups of fungal Infection
-Caused by dermatophytes
-Tinea/Ringworm infection or Candida Infection
Superficial mycoses
True or False?
Is Ringworm infection are caused by worms?
if false, what causes ringworm?
False, Ringworm infection are caused by fungi, not worm ! 😤
Types of fungi that cause skin,hair and nail infection
Dermatophytes
Ringworm Infection:
Which part of the body does Tinea capitis found?
Head/Scalp
Ringworm Infection:
Which part of the body does Tinea barbae found?
Beard area
Ringworm Infection:
Which part of the body does Tinea faceie found?
Face
Ringworm Infection:
Which part of the body does Tinea cruris found?
Groin
Ringworm Infection:
Which part of the body does Tinea pedis found?
Other term: Athlete’s foot
Feet
Ringworm Infection:
Which part of the body does Tinea manuum found?
Hand
It is a microflora to the skin and at the same time opportunistic
Found in Oily area/Skin surface
Pityriasis versicolor
Old Name:Pityriasis versicolor
New name:
Old Name:Pityriasis versicolor
New name: Malasseria furfur
List of Systemic Mycoses
Hsb-ccp
Histoplasmosis
Sporotrichosis
Blastomycosis
Coccidioidomycosis
Cryptococcosis
Paracoccidioidomycosis
Opportunistic Fungal Infection
SamP
Systemic Candidiasis
Aspergillosis
Mucormycosis
Pneumocystis carinii
Cutaneuos Infection (Dermatophytoses)
MTEM
Microsporum
Trichophyton
Epidermophyton
Malasseria furfur
refers to a group of fungal diseases in which both the skin and subcutaneous tissue are involved but typically no dissemination to the internal organ occurs
Subcutaneous fungal infection
Referst to Tinea or Ringworm
Dermatophytoses
TOPICAL AGENT FOR DERMATOPHYTOSES
Sebum(Fatty Acid)
Propionic Acid
Zinc Propionate
Sodium caprylate
Undecylenic acid
Triacetin
Salicylic acid
Whitfield’s Oitment
-acidic
-fatty acid substance in or on skin
- Natural antifungal agent (function
- Innate Immune system (Part)
Sebum
-antifungal agent
-no irritating and Nontoxic
Propionic acid
-unstable to moisture
-forming zinc hydroxide and propionic acid
-used as Fungicide (ADHESIVE TAPE)
Zinc Propionate
Source : Caprylic acid (Coconut/palm oil)
Topical Treatment superficial (Dermatomycoses)
-Candida albican
-Trichophyton
-Epidermophyton
-Microsporum
Sodium Caprylate
“10-undecenoic acid”
-from destructive distillation of CASTOR OIL
-Up to 10% Concentration (Used can be)
-Treatment for ATHLETE’S FOOT
Undecylenic Acid
-Activity
- Due to acetic acid released by (Hydrolysis) of compound) by esterases present in the skin
Triacetin
Poor antifungal agent
Antiseptic And keratolytic properties
Salicylic acid
Content:
-Petroleum base
-6% benzoic acid (Antiseptic Agent) antiseptic
-6% salicyclic acid (keratolytic agent) penetration
Whitefield’s ointment
