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Kin 160 - History of Sport > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

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1
Q

what social life system was typical for ancient china

A

feudal system (order from the top to the bottom)

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2
Q

sports in ancient china

A

board games
archery
dancing
form of soccer

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3
Q

social system in ancient india

A

caste system (you stayed in caste you were born in)

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4
Q

asceticism

A

idea to purposely make body calm to reach higher level

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5
Q

religious belief in ancient egypt

A

keep same body in afterlife

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6
Q

physical activity in ancient egypt

A

swimming
hunting
fishing

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7
Q

time of ancient egypt

A

1000 B.C.

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8
Q

time of ancient middle east

A

1200 B.C.

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9
Q

what did physical activitzy in ancient middle east include

A

focused more on war
horse riding
swimming
running

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10
Q

what was typical for the structures of ancient greece

A

made up of city states (23)

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11
Q

what did city states in ancient greece share

A

gods and games they participated in

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12
Q

characteristics of Sparta

A

dominant city state
goal to produce the man of action
tough education of the physical
never gave up

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13
Q

what were women in sparta trained for

A

to be strong mothers for strong sons

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14
Q

funeral games in ancient greece

A

if a well known person died a city state competed against each other

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15
Q

characteristics of Athens

A

later the dominant citiy state
goals: men of wisdom, harmony
education through physical
mentally, physically, and spiritually educated

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16
Q

education of athenians

A

until age 14 in palestra

after in gymnasium

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17
Q

characteristics of ancient olympic games

A

every 4 years
to honor Zeus
price olives
hosted in Olympia

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18
Q

timespan of ancient olympic games

A

776 B.C. - 394 AD

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19
Q

other ancient games

A

pythion games

herean games

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20
Q

pax olympica

A

athletes travelling to the games were not allowed to be attacked

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21
Q

list of ancient olympic sports

A

chariot racing, running, pencration, boxing, wrestling, Track/longjump/discuss/javelin, horse racing, pentathlon

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22
Q

examples of cheating during the ancient olaympic games

A

fault starts, equipment, bribary, competing for other states

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23
Q

why have the ancient olympic games stopped

A

christianity as new upcoming religion
cheating increased because of more money involved
roman empire became dominant
professional athletes
athletes from other empires wanted to join
mental skills became more important than physical

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24
Q

time of ancient rome

A

1st BC - 5th AD

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25
Q

how did roman sport vary from greek sports

A

more violent and brutal

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26
Q

main events to see in roman empire

A

gladiator fights, charriot racing, theatre

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27
Q

what was education in ancient rome focused on

A

physical education, military focused

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28
Q

main locations for sporting events in ancient rome

A

circus maximus, circus flaminus, colosseum

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29
Q

why did the roman empire end

A

it became too big
too many slaves
corruption
too much freetime

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30
Q

how many different gladiator types exist

A

7 different weapons

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31
Q

what made roman sporting events unique

A

alcohol, cushion, parfume fountains, food

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32
Q

where we roman boys educated

A

at home

exercise on campus martins

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33
Q

when did the last emperor rule the roman empire

A

476 AD

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34
Q

social life in during midevial age

A 
no social mobility
stay in same social class in which you were born in
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35
Q

what event marks the end of the midevil age

A

renaissance

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36
Q

renaissance

A

rebirth of knowledge

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37
Q

what were the two institutions in which people were able to learn sth. during the midevil age

A

military (knights)

church

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38
Q

widespread physical activity in the midevil age

A

horseback riding (knights)
archery (at end of battle king was shot in the eye)
hunting

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39
Q

where did the ancient mesoamerican ballgame take place

A

centroamerica

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40
Q

how did ancient mesoamerican ballgame work

A

ball had to put through a hoop without using hands
loser sacrificied body part
games to honor gods

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41
Q

different stages to become a knight

A

page (age 7-14)

squire (14-21)

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42
Q

what was the main reason for the importance of knights

A

crusades (win back the holy land from muslims)

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43
Q

skills of knights

A 
horse riding
archery
swimming
climbing
hand-to-hand combat
serving and jousting
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44
Q

what did industrialization in england lead to

A

codification of many team sports

45
Q

what were first rules in games

A

regulation of size and time

46
Q

who was targeted in terms of muscular christianity

A

men (white, young, wealthy, public(private)schools, church

47
Q

reasons for mainly men participating in sports

A

muscular christianity
getting toughness through sports back
churches promoted team sports

48
Q

what did sports for females do

A

exclusion

during queen victoria era fashion made sports participation for females impossible

49
Q

who organized sports in english public (called private) schools

A

students

in U.S organized by the NCAA

50
Q

what did muscular christianity include

A

philosophy to determine manliness, character, honor, sportsmanship, patriotism, christian character, beauty of athleticism

51
Q

where did muscular christianity influence sport participation

A

england, U.K., Brittain, USA

52
Q

When did muscular christianity influence sport participation

A

1840 - 1890

53
Q

how does muscular christianity change sports

A

rules and teams

54
Q

why did muscular christianity change sports

A

redefine toughness
individual revolution
less injury

55
Q

oldest continously inhabited place in the US

A

Acome, New Mexico

56
Q

when, where, and why did the french arrive in the US

A

when - 1500
where - north colonial US, canada
why - trapping, $

57
Q

when, where, and why did the spanish arrive in the US

A

when - 1500s
where - florida
why - gold, religion (conversion)

58
Q

when, where, and why did the english arrive in the US

A

when - 1607
where - Jameston VA
why - tobacco, $

59
Q

when, where, and why did the african arrive in the US

A

when - 1619
where - virgina
why - slavery

60
Q

what are the categories in which the 13 original colonies/proviences are divided into

A

new england
mid atlantic
south

61
Q

charactersitcs of the new england “states”

A

smaller, closer together, colder, religious freedom, short growing season

62
Q

characteristics of the mid atlantic “states”

A

plantation, colder weather than in south, larger growing season, better soild, religious importance, slavery

63
Q

characteristics of the southern states

A

plantation, warmer weather than in south, larger growing season, better soild, religious importance, slavery

64
Q

sports that were typical for people from the southern states

A

variations of football, criquet, bowling, shuffleboard, dancing, pitching bar, animal baiting

65
Q

sports that were typical for people from the midwest

A

similar to souther sports + sledding and cold weather sports

66
Q

sports that were typical for people from the New England states

A

activity was ok if it was productive

limitations due to weaher and religion

67
Q

native american sports

A

foot races, hunting, horseback riding, dancing, ring toss, lacross, boardgames

68
Q

when, where, and why did native americans come to the us

A

when - from B.C. - 1100 A.D.
where - everywhere
why - land exploring, nomatic

69
Q

when was the civil war

A

1861 - 1865

70
Q

which sport was most effective by the civil war

A

baseball - soldiers played in open fields during off-time

took over criquet

71
Q

what caused in increase in sport participation during the civil war

A

work weet decreased

72
Q

other important sports during the 1840s - 1920s

A 
football
boxing
basketball
volleyball
bicycling
73
Q

football during the 1840s - 1920s

A

mainly collegiate

74
Q

boxing during 1840 - 1920s

A

gloves were added
became more organized
more people from poverty joined

75
Q

which sports where invented during the 1840s - 1920s

A

basketball

volleyball

76
Q

bicycling during the 1840s - 1920s

A

growing population for women

caused fashion to change - “rational” dress

77
Q

what happens with sports in general during the 1840s - 1920s

A

became more organizedby the end of the period adding of leagues, stats, rules, refs…

78
Q

who invented baseball

A

alexander cartwright

79
Q

first african american professional baseball

A

moses fleetwood walker

80
Q

main source of financial success during the 1840s - 1920s

A

railroads
steel
oil

81
Q

what kind of invention changed sports within the 1840s - 1920s

A 
lightbulbs
photography
sewing machine
railroad
telegraph
vulcanization of rubber
82
Q

what were the first cities with original professional baseball teams

A 
boston
NYC
chicago
philadelphia
cincinatti
st. louis
hearford
louisville
83
Q

what is the oldest sport trophy

A

America´s Cup (1851)

sailing

84
Q

rowing as an activity

A

often practiced by working class people

85
Q

rowing as a sport

A

created by wealthy people

fees, recommendations, and rules excluded poor people

86
Q

who was not allowed to compete in rowing in the 1840 - 1920s

A

professionals (anybody who has ever worked with their hands)

87
Q

evolution of tennis in th 1840s - 1920s

A

raquet was strained with cat gut
originally called lawn tennis
for wealthy people
imported from england

88
Q

what were new thoughts about sports in the 1840s - 1920s

A

could be benefitial for ones health

89
Q

examples for organizations that were founded in the 1840s - 1920s to improve health and fitness

A

YMCA, YWCA

90
Q

first intercollegiate event

A

rowing - oxford vs. camebridge in england

harvard vs yale in us (1852)

91
Q

what kind of event was harvard vs. yale´s rowing race

A

commercial event sponsored by railroads

92
Q

first college football game

A

1869 organized by students

93
Q

what was the social life goal in the 1880s - 1920s

A

life of idleness

consipicious consumption - show what you have

94
Q

what was a new upcoming sport in the 1880s - 1920s

A

golf coming from scotland

95
Q

philanthropic organization

A

wealthy organizations that support other

sport participation for everyone

96
Q

Luther Gulick

A

director of YMCA in Springfield Massachustes

97
Q

basketball in the 1880s - 1920s

A

invented by Naismith in the YMCA
designed for students
females played as well

98
Q

volleyball in the 1880s - 1920s

A

invented by YMCA

designed for older men who wanted to be physical

99
Q

other important movements starting in the 1880 - 1920s

A

playground movement in boston

anthropometry - body measurement

100
Q

formation of NCAA

A

1905

to control faculty and too many deaths in football

101
Q

technological changes occuring 1900s - 1940s

A

results were communicated by radio and newspaper (reportes not at games)

102
Q

golden age of sports in U.S

A

1920

103
Q

why did sports experience a decrease in the late 1930s in the U.S.

A

due to the great depression

104
Q

which sport experienced an increase in the 1900s - 1940s

A

golf

opening of municipal golf courses

105
Q

female sports participation in 1900s - 1940s

A

decrease in college sports

106
Q

why did female participation in college sports decrease in the 1900s - 1940s

A

seperate departments for male and female P.E.female administrators made females stop participating because of fear of nerve fatigue

107
Q

what alernative existed for females to play sports

A

play days

telegraphic meets

108
Q

baseball in the 1940s

A

integration of players from Negro leagues into pro sports

109
Q

example for black player that got integrated into pro baseball league

A

jacky robinson

Kin 160 - History of Sport (2 decks)

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