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Kin 160 - History of Sport > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

main obstacles for women particpation in the u.s. and Brittain during thelate 1800s and early 1900s

A

believe in decrease in fertility (uterus would fall out)
decrease in mental health (too stressful)
fashion
would become less feminine

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2
Q

why did female participation in the U.S./UK increase during the 1950s - 1970s

A 
tilte IX
formation of athletic clubs
TV -> see other women compete
civil rights
the pill!
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3
Q

what was Rosie the riveter a symbol for

A

women in workplace when men went to war

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4
Q

what were effects of Title IX of the US education amendment act on 1972

A 
increase in female sports participation
formation of athletic clubs/women´s and feminst groups
helps to prevent sexual assault
equal entry into schools
scholarships for women
more women in colleges
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5
Q

what words/actions made it clear that female athletes were seen as women first and athletes second

A

women wore skirts and had a proper way to behave
attended charm schools
sexualization for advertisement
female leagues were banned with the end of war

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6
Q

what words/actions made female athletes seem masculine

A

players were a specific technique taught (throw overhand)
chewing and spitting of tobacco
aggression in sports was not rewarded

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7
Q

female sports had a clear line between being competetive and too competitive - general historical perspective

A

females couldn´t be too competitive
females were judged by multiple different standards
specific outfit to wear

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8
Q

latest event for females to participate in

A

marathon

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9
Q

female sport participation in social class context

A

upper class first in college sports (because of access through $)

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10
Q

female sports participation in racial context

A

black athletes pushed in stereotypical sports (bball, track)

colored not allowed in certain facilities

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11
Q

strategy of NCAA vs. AIAW for women´s sports

A

first NCAA sent female athletes away

NCAA more $ -> bought AIAW to take over female sports

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12
Q

characteristics of earliest and altest sports for females added to Olympic program

A

earliest -> no contact, individual, full clothing

latest -> aggressive, head to head, less cloths

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13
Q

examples for earliest added female sports at Olympics

A 
archery
tennis
swimming
gymnastics
equastrian
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14
Q

examples for latest added female sports at Olympics

A

judo
taekwando
boxing
wrestling

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15
Q

relationship between NBA and china

A

china multi-million $ market for NBA
NBA seen as most liberal league
money control behavior

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16
Q

historical perspective of NBA´s and china´s relationship

A

YMCA brought basketball to china

promote masculinity and christianity through basketball

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17
Q

from historical perspective, how has sport contributed to globalization

A

ancient cultures played boardgames, ballgames, and danced -> took over the world
sports to honor gods -> cultural celebration
sports as gathering of different cultures
ancient olympics -> come together
england used sport for colonization

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18
Q

how have indigineous societies used and been used by sport

A

sport to honor gods
sport used to practice skill and stay physically in shape
sport used for sacrifice

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19
Q

how much has changed with regard to how different races are treated in sport

A

in the 1700s mainly white people participated, others were outlawed
colored excluded from institutions like universities or YMCA
during late 1800 some boxers
in 1900 gradual inclusion

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20
Q

examples of athletes who stood for inlcusion/exclusion at the time

A 
indigenous people - excluded from lacross
slave boxing 
Jack Johnson - beat white fighter - inclusion
Tommy smith and john carlos - exclusion
muhammad ali - exclusion
"dream team" basketball - inclusion
yao ming - inclusion
colin kaepernick - exclusion
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21
Q

what department name was written on tommy smith´s SJS shirts

A

San Jose Men´s Principle education ->there was no athletic department at the time

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22
Q

in what ways is SJS connected with Muhammad Ali

A 
he spoke at SJS about his decision to not go to Vietnam war
julie mendez (SJS boxing coach) coached Ali to Olympic Gold 1960
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23
Q

smith´s dilemma to compete or not compete in ´68 Olympics

A

he didn´t know how to express his protest
Olympics were seen as white men´s game
went since he knew he had a chance to win
chance to make public statement

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24
Q

what connection existed between South Africa and SJS

A

black SJ athlete had strong position in banning SA from games
many African students at SJS

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25
what was historical significance of smith teaching at Oberlin College
one of first the admit AAs | first that admit women
26
events that helped lightning up civil rights movements
``` Ali´s, Smith´s and Carlos´ protests assacination of JFK and MLK Rosa Park in front of bus black students trying to be accepted in white colleges MLK´s I have a dream speech ```
27
physical fitness in primitive/prehistoric times
``` hunting survival running throwing swimming climbing ```
28
physical fitness in ancient egypt
fishing boat racing archery swimming
29
physical fitness in ancient china
military preperation archery kung fu form of soccer
30
physical fitness in ancient india
yoga | causing self pain to reach higher performance
31
physical fitness in ancient greece
ancient olympics to honor gods | military preperation
32
physical fitness in ancient rome
``` gladiator fighting charriot racing entertainment militaristic highly violent ```
33
physical fitness in middle age europe
knight hood | body and physical activity was evil
34
physical fitness in maya civilization
sports to honor gods sacrifice body parts ritualistic
35
maya game in which body parts were sacrificed
mesoamerican ballgame
36
physical fitness in rennaissance europe
come back to greek and roman ideas | exercise as medicine
37
physical fitness in 19th century germany
preperation for military lot of equipment gymnastics - "turner" nationalism
38
physical fitness in 19th century sweden
following of order health focused little aparatus dicipline
39
physical fitness in 19th century Britain
team building muscular christianity rugby schools loyalty and sportsmanship
40
physical fitness in ancient colonial america
puritans did not like ballgames native - lacross, long distance running couthern colonials -> slavery, gambling
41
physical fitness in 18th century US
slave fighting cock fighting long distance walking
42
physical fitness in 19th century US
industrial revolution more defined rules in sport due to less space civil war - creation of baseball
43
physical fitness in 1900 - 1920s US
WWI -> fitness for war
44
physical fitness in 1920s - 1940s US
boxing and baseball against common movement in society | first AA won olympic gold (1936)
45
physical fitness in cold war era US to 1990
civil rights movement title IX presidential fitness program (kennedy)
46
in terms of physical fitness what has changed most throughout history
different social groups participate reasons for physical activity meaning of human body fitness from intrinsic to extrinsic value
47
approach in ancient egypt to those with disability
``` seen as gifts by gods higher position (especially midgets) ```
48
spartans approach to those with disablity
disabled babies thrown into chasm
49
idea behind mentally ill put in chains
put loved ones that are mentally ill in chains and in woods
50
time of mentally ill put in chains in the US
roughly before civil war
51
who was jean-marc gaspard
first instructor for mentally retarded children in france | founding father for special education, especially deaf
52
what was Gallaudet
grammar school for deaf and blind | first bilingual uni in world
53
story behind the "elephant man"
joseph merrick exhibited at freak shows mid/late 1800s
54
who is helen keller
first deaf/blind person who earned a bacheor in arts
55
what were the "cripples olympics"
hosted 1911 in US | nowadays paralympics
56
consequences of disabled people after WWI
difficult to find job for disabled people | high unemployment rate
57
what are the deaflympics
international sport competion for deaf athletes olympic committee sunctioned event started in 1924
58
realtion of Frnaklin D. Roosevelt and sports/disability
he had polio founded treatment center in Warmsprings only president in wheelchair
59
WPA
work progressive association disbaled people were not allowed to be part of put people back to work
60
WWII and Nazi germany´s relation to disabled people
were seen as useless
61
Ludwig Guttman and Stoke Mandeville
organized paralympics in 1948 in London
62
radiation experiments
during the 1950s - 60 | in disabled people without them knowing
63
special olympics
held in 1968 in chicago | startd by JFKs sister
64
what is the "least restricted environment"
involve special education | environemtn with all possible support
65
ADA act
1999 | prohibts discrimination of individuals with disablities
66
Timpany center SJ
non profit program therpeutic facility operated by SJSU specialized in aqua therapy
67
events prior to 1862 that affected SJ kin department
first public school in SFO in 1849 300,00 people came to Cali due to gold rush in 1849 John Swett became superintendent of education state senate passed bill to establish state and normal school in 1862 1862 outline of curriculum
68
out of german, swedish gymnastics, and british games, which won out in US
british games playing
69
in which ways has the kin curriculum changed from 1870 - 1890
1875 course was extended over 3 years, before 2 1877 terms to 2 semesters 1890/91 physical culture became required for students
70
how were physical culture classes taught in the early 1900s
uniform was required (1 piece suit) swedish gymnastics, following commands -> to open style 4 women taught physical education -> promotion for participation
71
philosophical differences between men´s/women´s programs
women: provide awesome activities, not really competitive men: about muscular christianity, physical and competetive
72
why were men and women programs split
different goals/philosophies
73
how were kin programs in the 1950s - 1970s different to today
classes weere non-coed uniform was mandatory for P.E. take entrance exams but randon admission no tuition, different gyms
74
examples when sport and religion worked together
``` ancient olympics anc. egyptians - Sennet game mesoamerican ballgame knight crusades sumo wrestling muscular christianity YMCA individual athletes ```
75
examples when sport and religion conflicted
puritarians saw ballgames as sinful slavery boxing, gambling, animal fighting, bribary... sports on sundays rules and uniforms don´t allow religious expression

Kin 160 - History of Sport (2 decks)

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