Midterm Flashcards
ITIS-
Inflammation of anything (tendon-tendonitis)
DDD
- when disk becomes dehydrated causes ppl to shrink
Characteristics of arthritis
- inflamed joints, pain, bone on bone grinding,
Glutes
- abduct hind limb away from midline
Hamstrings
- extend the hip
quads
flex
Adductors
- adduct aka pulls leg in
Brachiocephalicus
- neck and shoulder and arm extension
Spenious cervicus
- neck flexion
Rhomboid
- moves scapula dorsally
Deltoid
- flexes and abducts shoulder
Latissimus dorsi
- draws foreleg back and flexes shoulder
Triceps
- flexes shoulder extends and locks the elbow when the stay apparatus is engaged
Pectorals
- aids in drawing foreleg forward, adduction
Intercostals
- help you breathe
Masitor
chewing
Spinous process
- pointy part of the vertebra
Transverse process
- bony projections off the sides, wings on the vertebra where muscles and ligaments attach
body of vertebrae
rest of it
Foramen
- hole in the vertebra where spinal chord goes through
cervical spine- lordodic curve-
neck support and range of motion 7 vertebra
Kpyhosis
- primary curve and thoracis spine has 18 vertebra holds 36 ribs curves outwards
Lumbar spine
- also has lordodic curve 6 lumbar vertebra
sacral spine
5 vertebrae
c1
atlas
c2
axis
Occiput
- base of the skull where C1 attaches to there is no disc
Fissure
- annular tearing in your disk
Disks
- located between the vertebra
Ligament
- bone to bone (Sprain) prevents overextension
Tendon
muscle to bone (strain)
joint
- meeting place between two bones
Joint capsule
- sealed with synovial membrane which produces a lubricant for the joints
Isometric contraction
- contraction without movement (pushing against a wall)
isotonic movement
- contraction of movement
concentric contraction
- muscle shortens like flexing your arm
Eccentric contraction
- muscle releases as it elongates
Periosteum
- strong membrane that covers BONE
Fascia
- glue like substance that covered MUSCLE helps form scar tissue hold in water and body heat
Golgi apparatus
- nerve endings that send messages to the brain
Proprioception
- mind body connection
Muscle spindles
- prevent over stretching tells your body you need to slow down
Muscle tears-
1-2-3 (2 is most painful) 1- 25% torn 2-75% torn 3-more than 75%
massage moves
Stroking- hand over hand technique
Effleurage- hands going opposite directions gliding movement done with palms
Compression- flat hand with rhythmic pressure (CRP)
Kneading – motion where its like kneading bread
Muscle squeezing- done along the neck
Wringing- when palms move up to meet fingertips
clapping- flat side of hand
cupping- cupped hand
Function of circulatory system
- oxygen, regulates body temp, removes waste, provides nutrition
Order of blood circulation
-aorta (o2 leaves)-
arteries (carry o2)-
arterials-
capillaries(end game where o2 goes to get dispersed)- venule-
- veins
- venacava
- Right atrium (deoxygenated blood goes in)
- lung (oxygenates the blood)
- pulmonary artery
- pulmonary vein (takes the newly oxygenated blood back to the heart)
Pulmonary artery
- carries NON-OXYGENATED blood AWAY from heart to the lungs
Pulmonary Veins
- carry OXYGENATED blood TO the heart from the lungs
vitals
Equine vitals – breath 12-16 BPM heart- 28-40
Lymphatic system
- body’s first line of defense
Hernia
- inner part squishes out when the outer part tears hits a nerve and causes pain
Somatic nervous system
- things that you control aka movement
Autonomic system
- things that function automatically, aka heartbeat breathing digestion
Sympathetic
– fight or flight response nerves exit the thoracic spine
Parasympathetic
– rest and digest response nerves exit the upper cervical lumbar spine
Central nervous system
- brain and spinal chord
Peripheral
- where all nerves exiting the spine go
Afferent
- sensory nerves aka pain
Efferent
motor nerves aka function
Sweeny
- a loss of motor nerve function
How nerves are numbered in the cervical spine
- they are numbered by the vertebra UNDER it (Occiput C1 nerve then C1 vertebra, C2 nerve C2 vertebra)
How nerves are numbered in the thoracic spine-
nerves are numbered by the vertebra ABOVE (T1 vertebra then T1 nerve T2 vertebra T2 nerve)
Myofibrils
Long thread muscle cells
Muscle fiber
A muscle cell made of myofibrils