Midterm Flashcards
Qualitative
quality
Quantitative
quantity (amount)
Five senses
sight, sound, touch, taste, hear
Inferences
An explanation for observations you have made
How do you figure out density
Divide mass by volume
Density
How dense something is. Density of water is one, so if it is over one, it will sink. If it is under one, it will float. Function of mass and volume. For liquids, read the volume, find mass and divide. For solids, use length x width x height then find mass and divide.
Would you use killograms, decagrams, grams or milligrams to measure
An elephant? a text book? A crayon? A desk
Volume
the amount of space an object occupies
Water is a compound, mixture or element
Compound
Which of the following is a mixture and why
Hydrogen (H); water (H20), salt water (NaCl and H20) or Sugar (C6H12O6)
prefixes
King (kilo) Henry (hecto) Died (deca) By (base) Drinking (deci) Chocolate (centi) Milk (mili)
Name some class safety rules
Use glassware safely No drinking chemicals Report incidents to teacher Wear safety goggles Don't reach across a flame
Mass is the amount of blank in an object
matter
Volume is the amount of blank in an object
space
Metric length is the blank from one point to another
distance
Would you measure volume using a graduated cylinder,, triple beam balance or metric ruler
graduated cylinder
When reading from a meniscus for liquid volume read from the
bottom of the curve
Scientific method order
question, hypothesis, experiment, analysis, conclusion
examples of metals
titanium, gold, silver
what is a semi conductor
between a metal and a non-metal
What is an important property of a metal
conducts electricity
Is carbon a metal or non metal
non metal
elements
Capital or capital and lowercase letters Cannot be separated physically or chemically
compounds
two or more capitals can only be separated chemically
electrolysis
hydrogen separated from oxygen
mixtures
two or more elements or compounds not chemically combined. Can only be separated physically
melting
solid turning into a liquid
freezing
a liquid turning to a solid (32)
evaporation
liquid turns to gas
condensation
steam turning into a liquid
air mass
huge body of air that has similar temperature, humidity and air pressure
four types of air masses and description
tropical (warm air masses that form in the tropics and have low air pressure)
polar (cold air masses that form north of 50 degree north latitude and south of 50 degrees south latitude and have high air pressure)
maritime (form over oceans and are humid)
continental (air masses form over land, are in the middle of continents and are dry)
four types of air masses in North America
maritime tropical (warm humid air from the Gulf of Mexico to the Eastern U.S. or warm humid air from the Pacific Ocean to the West Coast). Continental tropical (tropical air mass from Southwest brings hot, dry air to the southern Great Plains). maritime polar (Air masses from North Atlantic Ocean are often pushed out by sea to westerly winds) Continental polar (Air masses from central and northern Canada bring cold air to the central and eastern U.S.)
four types of fronts
cold front (cold air moves underneath warm air forcing warm air to rise) warm front (forms when warm air moves over cold air. Moves slowly, bringing warm humid air Stationary front (forms when cold and warm air masses meet by neither has enough force to move the other. May bring days of clouds and precipitation) Occluded front (warmer air mass caught between two cooler air masses)
font
area where air masses meet and do not mix
cyclone
swirling center of low air pressure. Also called lows.
in addition to mass, air also has properties including
density and pressure
pressure
force per unit area
air pressure
the result of the weight of a column of air pushing down on an area. they push in all directions, which is why objects aren’t crushed.
falling air pressure means
storm is a approaching
rising air pressure means
weather is clearing
barometer
instrument that measures air pressure.
what are the two kinds of barometers
mercury (filled with mercury and open at one end). air pressure pushing down on surface of mercury is equal to weight of the column of mercury in the tube
aneroid (airtight metal chamber sensitive to air pressure)
altitude or elevation
distance above sea level. Air pressure decreases as altitude increases. Air pressure increases and so does density
chemical change
new substance created
physical change
substance remains the same
what are the four phase changes
melting, freezing, vaporization and condensation
Building blocks of molecules are called
Atoms
Sub atomic particles
Neutrons, protons and electrons
electrons
negatively charged particles outside the nucleus and no mass
protons
positive and in the nucleus and have 1 atomic mass unit
neutrons
neutral and in the nucleus and have 1 atomic mass unit
three phases of matter
solid, liquid, gas
what does adding heat energy to particles make them do
move apart and move faster
solid
particles very close together
liquid
particles are a little bit spread out
gas
particles very spread out from each other
when heat or energy is added to a solid,
particles move faster and spread out
CO is a ___________
2 capital letters. 2 elements.
SR is a __________
second letter is lower case
Periodic table has metals on the
left of the zig zag line
atmosphere
many layers with different temperature, pressure and altitude
air pressures
decreases as you go higher in altitude
high pressure
clear skies
low pressure
cloudy skies, rainy weather
rain gauge
collects precipitation
anemometer
measures wind speed
wind vane
measures wind direction
weather satellites
send info to computers on the weather
psychrometer
measures humidity
hygrometer
measures humidity
local winds
sea and land breezes. Smaller and occur from uneven heating in local areas
global winds
large bodies of air that heat
