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Neuropharmacology > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Furosemide: What is the target?

A

Na+/K+/2Cl- transporter

Diuretic, makes urine less concentrated

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2
Q

Fluoxetine: What is the target?

A

SSRI - Prozac

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3
Q

B1-adrenergic antagonists targets ______.

A

CVD

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4
Q

B2-adrenergic antagonist treats _______.

A

Asthma

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5
Q

5-HT10 agonist treats _______.

A

Migraines

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6
Q

NO increases the level of _______

A

CGMP ( leading to + PKG then contraction)

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7
Q

Sildenafil blocks ______ to stop the break down of ______

A

PDE5; cGMP

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8
Q

Blocking prostaglandin results in reduced ________.

A

Inflammation

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9
Q

Bioavailability describes ___

A

The amount passing BBB vs absorption by the gut

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10
Q

A smaller Kd (dissociation rate) means a better ____.

A

Affinity

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11
Q

What are scatchard plots used for?

A

Used to calculate affinity constant of a ligand

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12
Q

Drug efficacy describes

A

Whether a drug produces more or less effect for a specific dose

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13
Q

What is drug potency?

A

The dose required to reach a certain efficacy, more potent means you need less dose to reach an effect

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14
Q

What is the effect of an inverse agonist?

A

Ligand produces opposing effect

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15
Q

What is autologous in stem cell therapy?

A

Cells come from the self

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16
Q

What is allogenic in stem cell therapy?

A

Cells com from a donor

17
Q

What is the resting potential of cardiac vs neuronal cells?

A

-90 mv vs. -70 mv

18
Q

How does selectivity filter of K+ channel work?

A

Involved C=O carbonyl oxygen of AA @ the pore loop interacting with K+ ion and stabilizing it

19
Q

What is the function of TTX?

A

Binds to VGSCs, at site 1, BLOCKS pore loop

20
Q

What is the mechanism of scorpion alpha toxin?

A

Activation resulting in continuous firing and convulsions

21
Q

What is the function of lidocaine

A

Binds to inactivated state of Na+ channel to slow down heart rate

22
Q

What is the function of procaine?

A

Slows down depolarization of nerve cell membrane

23
Q

How do the drugs phenytoin and carbamazepine work for epilepsy?

A

Slows down the recovery from inactivated state, preventing the next AP

24
Q

What is TEA used for and how does it work

A

Probe brain function to study APs. Affects the 2 TM K+ inward rectifier and ATP- activated K+ channel

25
Q

What receptor does Digoxin and Ouabain affect?

A

Blocks Na+/K+ pump, inhibits restoration of eq after APs

26
Q

What are three ways to deliver drugs into the CNS?

A
  • hydrophilic drug enter freely
  • lipophilic drugs require pro-drug conjugation
  • drug-Ab fusion
27
Q

What is the function of forskolin

A

Used to increase cAMP by stimulating AC, used for a variety of purposes, for ex: weight loss

28
Q

Why are HDAC inhibitors used for cancer therapy?

A

Inhibits histone deacetylase, inhibits proliferation of tumor cells

29
Q

What are the 5 ways for termination of NTs?

A
  1. uptake by postsynaptic cell
  2. transport to presynaptic cell
    3 uptake by glia
  3. enzyme degradation
  4. passive diffusion
30
Q

The 3 steps to exocytotic cycle are ____

A
  1. synaptic vesicle approaches active zone
  2. ATP-dependent priming
  3. NT release triggered by Ca2+ influx
31
Q

What is the function of synaptotagmin?

A

Ca2+ sensor

32
Q

What is the function of synaptobrevin?

A

vesicle fusion and targeting

33
Q

What is the effect of a synaptobrevin antagonist?

A

prevents NT release by stopping the vesicle’s ability to target the membrane and fuse

34
Q

What are the two transmembrane SNARE proteins

A

SNAP-25 and syntaxin

35
Q

What is the role of SNAP-25 and syntaxin?

A

stabilizes vesicle at the membrane

36
Q

What is an example of direct signal transmission

A

ligand gated ion channel

37
Q

What is an example of indirect signal transmission

A

G protein, steroid receptors

38
Q

Where in the intestine does cholera toxin target?

A

enterocytes

Neuropharmacology (4 decks)

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