Midterm Flashcards
1
Q
“Waving the bloody shirt”
A
- Phrase used to ridicule opposing politicians who made emotional calls to avenge the blood of the northern soldiers that died during the Civil War
- Used against Republicans who were accused of using the memory of the Civil War to their advantage
2
Q
UDHR Article 16
A
Right to marriage and family. The family is the natural and fundamental group unit of society and is entitled to protection by society and the State.
3
Q
The Four Freedoms
A
- Articulated by FDR in “Four Freedoms” Speech in State of the Union Address on Jan. 6, 1941
- FDR believed everyone in the world should have these rights
- Freedom of Speech
- Freedom of Worship
- Freedom from want (right to an adequate standard of living)
- Freedom from fear
- These 4 freedoms from now on define what it means to be an American
4
Q
Andrew Johnson
A
- Part of Working Men’s Party
- Was from Tennessee but remained loyal to the Union
- Was Lincoln’s VP and became president when Lincoln was assassinated
- Racist and wanted to punish rich southerners
- Johnson’s Amnesty Plan, 1865: rich people cannot vote or run for office
- Presidential pardons: rich white southerners received pardons if they gave Johnson money
- Impeached in 1868 because he violated the Tenure of Office Act
5
Q
Reconstruction
A
- Efforts to reconstruct the country after Civil War
- Southern economy was destroyed without slavery
- Reconstruction’s Constitutional Amendments: 13th (slavery illegal), 14th, 15th (race and right to vote)
6
Q
Glass-Steagall Act
A
Separated investment and commercial banking activities
7
Q
UDHR Article 7
A
Right to Equality before the Law. Right to equal protection from the law without discrimination.
8
Q
Concentration Camps
A
- Used to hold and torture political opponents
- Around 1,200 camps all over Europe
- Worked people to death
- Different from extermination camps whose purpose was genocide
- 4 million Jews died
- Roman Catholics, Jehovah witnesses, LGBTQ, those who were not Caucasian were also held prisoners there
9
Q
National Women’s Party (NWP)
A
- Formed in 1916 to fight for women’s suffrage
- Fought for Equal Rights Amendment that hasn’t been ratified
- Staged a very innovative at the time Suffrage Parade on March 3rd, 1913, the day before Wilson’s Inauguration
- Used Civil Disobedience to fight for their rights
10
Q
UDHR Article 18
A
Freedom of belief and religion. Freedom of thought, conscience
11
Q
Richard Pratt
A
- Founder and longtime superintendent of the Carlisle Indian Industrial School at Carlisle, Pennsylvania
- “Kill the Indian, save the man”
12
Q
New Deal
A
- “First New Deal” 1933-1935
- The Hundred Days, 1933: these are the first 100 days of Roosevelt in office
- Bank Holiday
- Repeal of Prohibition
- Borrowed ideas from Huey Long
- “Second New Deal” 1935-1939
- Prevented fall of capitalism
- AAA
- CCC
- NRA
- IRA
- HOLC
- SEC
- WPA
- SSA
- REA
- AAA
13
Q
Treaty of Versailles
A
- Brought WWI to an end
- Signed in 1919
- Made Germany responsible for the damage and loss during the war. Germany had to disarm
14
Q
Radical Reconstruction
A
- Wade-Davis Plan
- Vetoed by Lincoln
- Radical Republicans wanted to punish the South
15
Q
Freedmen’s Bureau
A
- Established in 1866
- Sent teachers to read in the South
16
Q
“Combined strategies”
A
In 1917, when the U.S. declared war on Germany and joined WWI, leaders of NAWSA supported the efforts of the war. This gave them sympathy from Wilson and led to ratification of 19th Amendment
17
Q
Huey Long
A
- Governor of Louisiana
- Created “Share our Wealth” Program and implemented it in Louisiana, which gave him national popularity
- Assassinated
18
Q
Herbert Hoover
A
- Elected in 1928 and took office in spring 1929
- Had just been elected to see the Stock Market Crash
- Conservatism
- Went up for reelection in 1932 but lost to FDR
- Republican
19
Q
Carrie Chapman Catt
A
- President of NAWSA 1900-1904, 1915
- Women’s suffrage leader who campaigned in favor of the 19th Amendment
- Led an army of voteless women in 1919 to pressure Congress to pass the Constitutional Amendment giving women the right to vote
20
Q
U.S. Constitution, 14th Amendment
A
- Ratified in 1868
- Birthright citizenship
- No deprivation of life, liberty, or property without due process of law
- No denial of equal protection of the laws
21
Q
Woodrow Wilson
A
- President of the U.S. from 1913-1921 during the Progressive Era
- Democrat
- Led the U.S. during WWI
- Wanted to join League of Nations but did not obtain approval from Senate
22
Q
Racism
A
- Belief in the superiority of one race over another
- Concentration camps led to the end of segregation in the U.S.
- To be American meant to not be racist
23
Q
Bracero
A
- “Manual laborer”
- Laws and diplomatic agreements initiated in 1942 when the U.S. signed the Mexican Farm Labor Agreement with Mexico
- Guaranteed decent living conditions and a minimum wage of 30 cents an hour
- Program ended in 1965 and the workers had to return to Mexico
24
Q
Dawes Act
A
- Was abolished by the IRA
- Said that the head of the household was the woman
- Those who lived separate from the tribes would be granted U.S. citizenship
- Purpose was to abolish tribal and communal land ownership of the tribes into individual ownership rights
25
Q
UDHR Article 9
A
Freedom from Arbitrary Arrest and Exile
26
Q
Abraham Lincoln
A
- Was U.S. president during the Civil War
- Was against slavery and abolished it when he became president
- Republican
- Lincoln’s 10% plan: any rebel state that is conquered, it will be part of the Union. If 10% of the registered voters wanted to be part of the Union, they would join.
- Assassinated April 14, 1865
27
Q
NAWSA
A
- National American Woman Suffrage Association
- Formed in 1890
28
Q
UDHR Article 14
A
Right to asylum in other countries from persecution
