Final Exam Flashcards
The U.S. Constitution’s 14th Amendment:
a) makes slavery illegal.
b) establishes birthright citizenship, a non-racial definition of citizenship, the due process clause, and the equal protection clause.
c) established that the right to vote is not contingent upon one’s race.
d) all of the above.
b) establishes birthright citizenship, a non-racial definition of citizenship, the due process clause, and the equal protection clause.
The Freedmen’s Bureau:
a) never materialized because the bill never became law.
b) won much southern African American appreciation because it assisted them with education, sustenance and work contracts.
c) enjoyed the strong support of President Andrew Johnson in its work on behalf of civil rights.
b) won much southern African American appreciation because it assisted them with education, sustenance and work contracts.
During the Gilded Age, political power in Washington usually involved a:
a) Democratic party majority in Congress and a Democratic party President.
b) Democratic party majority in Congress and a Republican party President.
c) Republican party majority in Congress and a Democratic party President.
d) Republican party majority in Congress and a Republican party President.
b) Democratic party majority in Congress and a Republican party President.
Sitting Bull:
a) lived in Pine Ridge Agency reservation next door to BIA agent Ulysses Grant.
b) never allowed his people to leave the reservation.
c) had a vision that US army soldiers were falling from the sky to be taken by Native American warriors.
d) had a vision that U.S. army soldiers would defeat Native American warriors and that the people would then be forced to live in square houses.
c) had a vision that US army soldiers were falling from the sky to be taken by Native American warriors.
Richard Pratt was:
a) President Wilson’s Secretary of the Interior.
b) the commander of the United States Army’s 7th cavalry, who died at Greasy Grass/Little Bighorn
c) founder of the Indian School System
d) the Republican Party candidate for president in 1912 and 1916
c) founder of the Indian School System
Carrie Chapman Catt:
a) wrote the Universal Declaration of Human Rights for the United Nations.
b) was a member of Franklin D. Roosevelt’s cabinet.
c) was the president of NAWSA.
d) led a suffrage parade riding a white horse.
e) was the leader of the National Woman’s Party who organized the picket lines at the White House.
c) was the president of NAWSA.
Which of the following is NOT true about Andrew Johnson?
a) He grew up in poverty.
b) He became a successful politician.
c) He was a senator from a seceded state but remained loyal to the United States.
d) He brought about the end of the Reconstruction.
e) Lincoln’s party nominated him for Vice President in 1864 in hopes of extending its influence into the South.
d) He brought about the end of the Reconstruction.
Civil Service Reform gained political support:
a) soon after Ulysses S. Grant was assasinated.
b) soon after Abraham Lincoln was assasinated.
c) soon after James Garfield was assasinated.
d) soon after John D. Rockefeller was assasinated.
e) soon after Woodrow Wilson was assasinated.
c) soon after James Garfield was assasinated.
“Waving the bloody shirt” refers to:
a) anti-labor violence in the 20th century.
b) political partisan differences in the Gilded Age.
c) the 19th-century Indian wars in the Great Plains.
d) warfare in WWI.
e) None of the above.
b) political partisan differences in the Gilded Age.
The term “combined strategies” refers to:
a) Northen Republican efforts to end Reconstruction.
b) Native American efforts to support the boarding school system.
c) Southern Democratic efforts to reform federal civil service.
d) Suffrage Movement efforts to gain suffrage.
e) None of the above.
d) Suffrage Movement efforts to gain suffrage.
The U.S. Senate rejected the Treat of Versailles because:
a) it was supported by Republicans.
b) it was written by Henry Cabot Lodge.
c) it created the United Nations.
d) Article X of the League of Nations Covenant included a collective security requirement.
e) None of the above.
d) Article X of the League of Nations Covenant included a collective security requirement.
Woodrow Wilson’s political ideology included all of the following ideals EXCEPT:
a) public ownership of all property.
b) self-determination.
c) freedom of the seas.
d) settlement of disputes by peaceful means.
a) public ownership of all property.
The Great Depression shaped the lives of Americans in all of the following ways EXCEPT:
a) there was massive unemployment.
b) many Americans lived in Hoovervilles.
c) the American suicide rate declined.
c) the American suicide rate declined.
The Share Our Wealth movement was:
a) led by Henry Ford and directed at Americans over the age of 60.
b) led by Father Charles E. Coughlin and directed at Catholics.
c) led by Louisiana senator Huey Long and gained a national following.
d) introduced by Herbert Hoover as part of the New Deal.
c) led by Louisiana senator Huey Long and gained a national following.
The Glass-Steagall Act:
a) maintained the gold standard.
b) had no impact on the banking system.
c) made legal the buying and selling of stocks by banks.
d) established the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC).
d) established the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC).
Gangsters in the 1920s and early 1930s:
a) did not exist.
b) were all imprisoned after 1924.
c) were popular American folk heroes.
d) were not very powerful.
c) were popular American folk heroes.
The Works Progress Administration:
a) employed only industrial workers.
b) was directed by Huey Long.
c) included projects in the arts.
d) focused only on urban renewal.
c) included projects in the arts.
During the 1920s:
a) the Works Progress Administration aggresively regulated businesses.
b) Nebraska senator Huey Long represented big business.
c) the Warren G. Harding administration applied a strict constructionist interpretation of the Constitution in reference to government’s relation to the economy.
c) the Warren G. Harding administration applied a strict constructionist interpretation of the Constitution in reference to government’s relation to the economy.
The program that began in 1942 that allowed experienced Mexican agricultural workers to cross the border to work under government labor contracts was called the:
a) bracero program.
b) Chicano program.
c) “zoot suit” program.
d) pueblo program.
a) bracero program.
“Rosie the Riverter”:
a) refers to a movie start during WWII.
b) was a term applied only to black women workers.
c) refers to a poster image of a female industrial laborer.
d) refers to a type of industrial machinery.
e) all the above.
c) refers to a poster image of a female industrial laborer.
The Four Freedoms include all of the following EXCEPT:
a) freedom from want.
b) freedom of speech.
c) freedom from fear.
d) freedom of enterprise.
e) freedom of religion.
d) freedom of enterprise.
The United Nations’ Universal Declaration of Human Rights:
a) was authored primarily by Eleanor Roosevelt.
b) was a collective international response to the atrocities of Hitler’s Nazi concentration camps and the horrors of WWII.
c) is an important lasting legacy of the Allies winning WWII.
d) applies to all people everywhere, is a logical progression of political governance, develos the Enlightenment principles upon which the United States was founded, and is one of America’s finest ethical contributions to the world.
e) All of the above.
e) All of the above.
The Dawes Act was an extension of the treaty system practiced by the United States government since 1776.
False
The Pendleton Act created the Civil Service Commission.
True
The Civil War was devastating to the South, which lost more than 1/5 of its adult male population.
True
Opponents of Radical Reconstruction could not accept the idea of former slaves voting, holding office, and enjoying equality before the law.
True
Alice Paul was a teacher at Carslile Indian Industrial School.
False
The Treaty of Versailles that ended WWI punished Germany.
True
The Share Our Wealth Society’s national wealth redistribution program was economically sound.
True
The New Deal improved the lives of most Americans.
True
The only people killed in the German Holocaust were Jewish people.
False
The Wagner Act banned child labor, set the minimum wage law, and required overtime pay for hours of work exceeding 40 per week.
False
All national governments should strive to protect the United Nations’ Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
True
Since WWI Germany and Japan put racist ideas into practice, racism has now been stripped of intellectual respectability among educated people.
True
The Nazi German government systematically killed millions of people in its concentration camps during WWII.
True
UDHR Article 1
Right to Equality
UDHR Article 2
Freedom from Discrimination
UDHR Article 5
Freedom from Torture and Degrading Treatment
UDHR Article 7
Right to Equality before the Law
UDHR Article 9
Freedom from Arbitrary Arrest and Exile
UDHR Article 10
Right to a Just Public Hearing
UDHR Article 11
Right to be Considered Innocent until Proven Guilty
UDHR Article 12
Freedom from Interference with Privacy, Home, and Correspondance
UDHR Article 13
Right to Free Movement in and out of the Country
UDHR Article 14
Right to Asylum in other Countries, fleeing from Persecution
UDHR Article 16
Right to Marriage and Family
UDHR Article 18
Freedom of Belief and Religion
UDHR Article 23
Right to Desirable Work and Join Trade Unions
UDHR Article 25
Right to Food, Clothing, Housing, and Medical Care
UDHR Article 26
Right to Education
Cointelpro
(Portmanteau derived from COunter INTELligence PROgram) (1956–1971) was a series of covert, and at times illegal, projects conducted by the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) aimed at surveilling, infiltrating, discrediting, and disrupting domestic political organizations.
Youth Movements
- Puerto Rican Young Lords
- Rainbow Coalition
- Students for a Democratic Society
- Youth International Party (Yippies)
- Chicano Brown Berets
- Peace and Freedom Party
- Gay Liberation Front
Military industrial Complex
Growing size and cost of the American defense establishment. “The military having to much power” Dwight D Eisenhower placed restrictions on the size of the military 1953
Dwight D Eisenhower
- American Army general as 34th president 1953 -1961
- Supreme Commander of the Forces in Europe
- Graduated from West Point
Black Panther
1966 to challenge police brutality from the African American community, these dressed in black leather jackets and organized citizens patrols with around 2000 members.
Freedom Riders
opposing segregation in the transportation taking place in the south in 1961. This had few bussed burned down and white attackers
Vietnam Conflict
- north Vietnam against south Vietnam
- increased with tension on the US and the Soviet Union
- 3 million people died
- 50 K Americans died
- the US withdrew in 1973
- the country unified in 1975 once the south won
Rachel Carlson
- Conservationism women
- concerned with the problems in pesticide
- in the 1950s main opposition to chemical companies
- She led the creation of the EPA and banned DDT
- Author of “The Silent Spring”
Environmental movement
Conservation and green politics in order to address environmental issues and advocate in changes in public policy
Gay liberation Front
- Advocated sexual liberation on 1969 subject to police riots
- Stonewall Riots: equality in the gay community
American Indian Movement
economic independence, freedom of culture, protection of equal rights, autonomy of tribal land. One group occupied Alcatraz Island, took Wounded Knee site
Leonard Peltier
Native American Activist from the American Indian Movement. Sentenced for murder (apparently for a murder he didn’t commit and evidence was fabricated, sentenced for 40 years)
Blowouts
Series of protests in 1968 by Chicano students against unequal conditions in Los Angeles Unified School District
Chicano Brown Berets
- Demanded education, jobs and housing equality
- founded on 1967
- similar to Black Panther
- combating police brutality and racism
- they protected Chicano high school students while they protested at blowouts
Communism
- Theory by Carl Marx
- each person is payed by their abilities and needs
- Means of production owned by the people
Capitalism
- Trade and industry controlled by private owners.
- Means of production owned by corporations
Climate change
Change in average weather conditions as 30 years long term, changes on biotic processes variations on solar radiations and plate tectonics.
Harvest of Empire
- Documentary film of the interest of the US on Latin American countries.
- The US influenced politics and political leaders in certain countries.
- The US’s involvement in thouse countries shaped immigration patterns of those citizens to the US.
- Examples are: Puerto Rico, Mexico, Cuba.
Martin Luther King Jr
- American Activist recognized for the Civil Rights Movement through non violence and civil dissidence.
- Addressed segregation on the south
- opposing poverty and the Vietnam war
- Was assasinated
Texas Western
Men’s basketball team coached by Don Haskins the team won the 1966 NCAA the first team with all black starting lineup
Sandinistas
- in 1979 after overthrowing the dictator Anastasio Somoza
- Nicaragua
- Funded in 1962
Contras
guerrilla force in Nicaragua that opposed the left-wing Sandinista government 1979
United Farm Workers
- Labor union, lobbying for protection including the strikes against grape workers in California
- Cesar Chavez
Chicano Movement
Also known as the Chicano Civil Rights Movement on issues of discrimination, police brutality, enhanced education, voting and political rights 1960s’
The Anthropocene
- Earth geological time period as being influenced by humans
- A new epoch of climate change accelerated by Human Activity in the Industrial Age
Megadrought
Drought lasting 2 decades or longer, also associated with la nina condition (cooler than normal water on the pacific ocean)
Greenhouse gas
Gas associated on absorbing infrared radiation (CO2)
School explosion of Texas LP gas
- 300 students killed on a natural gas explosion on 1937,
- This helped increase safety measures adding mercaptan smell to natural gas.
Greenland Ice Sheet
If ice melts it Sea Levels would rise 7.2 m or 24 ft (30 from the exam)
Sal Castro
- Mexican-American educator and activist
- Series of protests against unequal conditions
- Most well known for his role in protests against LA Unified School District
Harcourt Klinefelter
- Former Press Officer of MLK Jr
- He interviewed MLK
- Responsible for broadcasting the speech of MLK
- Created a Documentary named “In the Shadow of Dr. King”
- Wrote a book “The Life of a Peace Apostle”
